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Biomedical subjects

S Bastianello

Publications and source records attributed to S Bastianello.

119 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between bladder dysfunction and brain MRI in multiple sclerosis.

We studied 70 consecutive patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) to examine the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cerebral findings and urinary disturbances. Thirty-two subjects (46%) had urinary symptoms and 38 (54%) were asymptomatic. Patients with urinary symptoms exhibited greater overall functional disability. A significant correlation between the presence of midbrain lesions and urinary dysfunctions was found which may indicate an important role of the mesencephalic formation to preserve continence.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early angiographic and CT findings in patients with hemorrhagic infarction in the distribution of the middle cerebral artery.

Hemorrhagic infarction subsequent to ischemic brain damage, even if small, slight, or marbled, can be detected by CT. The mechanisms that give rise to this transformation in humans are not well elucidated. Previous reports indicate that hemorrhagic infarction is most common in embolic stroke and large infarcts, and can worsen the clinical state of ischemic patients. We examined 36 patients with supratentorial ischemic signs and symptoms within the first hours after onset. CT was used to judge if hypodensity on early CT studies might predict the development of hemorrhagic infarction. Angiography was used to observe the site of arterial occlusion, the state of collateral circulation, and the mechanisms of late reperfusion. Hemorrhagic infarction was present in 18 of our 36 patients. Angiography revealed occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery (three cases) in all patients. Hypodensity was present on early CT studies in all of the 18 patients who developed hemorrhagic infarction. The finding of hypodensity on CT studies performed soon after embolic ischemic stroke is strongly predictive of hemorrhagic transformation.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ganglion of deep peroneal nerve: electrophysiology and CT scan in the diagnosis.

Deep peroneal nerve mononeuropathy is rarely observed in clinical practice. We describe a case in which the syndrome was caused by a clinically not detectable ganglion within the anterior compartment of the leg. Electrophysiological data allowed us to localize the site of the lesion for a correct planning of CT scan. CT scan showed a low density tissue occupying the anterior compartment of the leg and its relationships to muscles, septa, bones and vessels. Electrophysiological data and CT scan utilities are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of angiographic and sequential CT findings in patients with evolving cerebral infarction.

The usefulness of CT and angiography for predicting the final ischemic brain damage resulting from supratentorial ischemic stroke was evaluated in 36 patients. CT was performed within 4 hr and angiography within 6 hr after the onset of symptoms. CT was used to assess the site and size of parenchymal brain damage and angiography was used to evaluate the cerebral circulation. A 3-month follow-up CT study was used to determine the site and size of final ischemic damage. Angiography was normal in six patients and showed complete occlusion in 30. Angiographic findings in patients with arterial occlusion were classified as either internal carotid artery occlusion or middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. MCA occlusions were subdivided into occlusion before the origin of internal lenticulostriate arteries (type 1), occlusion beyond the origin of these branches (type 2), occlusion at the bifurcation of the main trunk (type 3), and occlusion of the peripheral branches (type 4). Collateral blood supply was also studied. Early CT findings were positive in 25 of 36 patients; the lentiform nucleus alone, the lentiform nucleus and the cortex, or only the cortex were involved. In all patients with positive early CT findings, angiography showed an arterial occlusion, often located in the main trunk of the MCA. Involvement of the lentiform nucleus on early CT was always seen in patients with internal carotid artery or type 1 MCA occlusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The usefulness of dynamic CT in patients with aneurysm of Willis circle. Comparative study with the angiography.

The diagnosis of cerebral aneurysm is currently based on the angiographic data. We have tried to evaluate the usefulness of a less-invasive examination, such as the dynamic-CT, in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm and of the possible and concomitant subaracnoid haemorrhage. The CT examination is useful in the diagnosis of both subarachnoid haemorrhage and giant trombosed aneurysm. It is less reliable than the angiography as regard to aneurysm of small dimension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhanced and unenhanced MR with magnetization transfer in multiple sclerosis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of magnetization transfer and the apparent enhancement of lesions on contrast-enhanced MR images in patients with multiple sclerosis. METHODS: Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo MR images obtained in 20 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, with and without magnetization transfer, were evaluated to determine the number of enhancing plaques. Comparison was made with unenhanced T1-weighted magnetization transfer images. Contrast-to-noise ratios were obtained for these lesions on both the enhanced and unenhanced magnetization transfer T1-weighted spin-echo MR images. RESULTS: Ten plaques were considered enhancing only when the enhanced magnetization transfer T1-weighted images (11% or more) were used; however, they were all hyperintense on unenhanced T1-weighted magnetization transfer images. The contrast-to-noise ratios of these lesions were 16.52 for the enhanced images and 15.65 for the unenhanced images. The two values were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with multiple sclerosis, examination with contrast-enhanced magnetization transfer MR images alone may overestimate the number of enhancing plaques.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensitivity of enhanced MR in multiple sclerosis: effects of contrast dose and magnetization transfer contrast.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSES: New strategies have been developed to improve the sensitivity of contrast-enhanced MR imaging in quantifying disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The goal of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity of T1-weighted images after injection of a triple dose of contrast material and application of a magnetization transfer (MT) pulse in the detection of enhancing lesions as compared with the conventional approach. METHODS: Monthly MR images were obtained in 13 patients with relapsing-remitting MS for a period of 3 months. The MR studies were performed on two separate occasions with single- and triple-dose contrast material. In each session, T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo images with and without the MT pulse were obtained before and after contrast administration. All images were evaluated in a blinded fashion and scored in random order and consensually by two readers. The number of total and new enhancing lesions and active images was counted. RESULTS: Eighty-six percent more enhancing lesions and 54% more new enhancing lesions were detected with triple-dose as compared with single-dose non-MT sequences, whereas single-dose MT images depicted 33% more enhancing lesions and 18% more new enhancing lesions than the single-dose non-MT images. Twenty-nine percent more lesions were detected on triple-dose non-MT images than on single-dose MT images. The combination of a triple dose of contrast material and MT did not produce any significant change in detection of enhancing lesions as compared with a triple dose of contrast without MT. CONCLUSION: The use of a triple dose of contrast material is the best approach to maximize the sensitivity of enhanced MR imaging.

Adult↗