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Biomedical subjects

S Balakrishnan

Publications and source records attributed to S Balakrishnan.

118 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
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A comparative study of the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and spot test for detection of dapsone in urine.

A comparative study of the HI test and paper spot test for screening dapsone in urine was carried out in 692 specimens of urine, 149 from the field and 502 from patients attending the C.L.T. and R.I. clinic or admitted in the wards and 41 control urines. A very good correlation was noticed between the 2 tests in relation to positivity or negativity as well as DDS concentration. Fifty one urine specimens showed a specific agglutination, 41 of them were considered HI positive and 10 of them HI negative based on DDS concentration. The results are discussed.

Colorimetry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis and multi-drug therapy in leprosy with special reference to prothionamide.

Hepatotoxicity in two drug regimens was studied at Central Leprosy Teaching and Research Institute, Chengalpattu (Tamil Nadu) during 1983-84. In 'P' regimen-prothionamide 350 mg daily, dapsone 100 mg daily and rifampicin 600 mg at monthly intervals were given. In' C' regimen-dapsone 100 mg daily, rifampicin 600 mg once a month and clofazimine 300 mg once a month and 100 mg alternate day were given. Trial was started with fifty multibacillary adult leprosy patients in each group. Enzymatic hepatic dysfunction was noted in 52-58 per cent of the cases even before the therapy was started. In 'P' regimen, four cases of clinical jaundice and six cases of high bilirubinaemia was noticed during the trial as against two cases each of clinical jaundice and high bilirubinaemia in 'C regimen. Of the two cases of clinical jaundice in 'C' regimen, one turned out to be a case of HBV infection. The study which is in progress, indicated higher hepatotoxicity in 'P' regimen which is probably explained by the simultaneous use of two hepatotoxic drugs. Viral hepatitis is endemic in this area and might have aggravated the hepatotoxicity observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mouse foot-pad studies with M. leprae--effect of desoxy fructo serotonin (DFS) and related compounds.

Mouse foot-pad experiments were carried out to study the effects of DFS and related compounds on the multiplication of M. leprae. Of the 25 cases clinically suspected Dapsone resistance, 8 were found resistant and 14 sensitive to Dapsone by mouse foot-pad experiments. Six were resistant to DFS and 16 were sensitive. Desoxy fructo 5-hydroxy tryptophane as well as Nutrition Antileprosy (NAL) diet were also found effective in suppressing the growth of M. leprae in mouse foot-pad. Of the two liposoluble derivatives of DFS tested (DFS LS-I and DFS LS-II), DFS LS-II was found more effective in suppressing the growth of M. leprae in foot-pads of mice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of HI test for dapsone in urine under field conditions.

One hundred and two specimens of urine collected from leprosy patients attending the field clinics of Central Leprosy Teaching and Research Institute, Chingleput, Tamil Nadu, India, were screened for dapsone by the paper spot test and Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) tests. A concordance of about 90% was observed between the two tests. Both tests showed their merits. The lower sensitivity of the spot test finds more cases of irregular compliance (1-2 days), whereas the higher sensitivity of the HI allows the demonstration of the intake of lower doses and the detection of those cases, who have grossly missed their tablets (longer than a week).

Dapsone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dapsone resistance in patients attending Central Leprosy Teaching and Research Institute, Chengalpattu (South India).

The Central Leprosy Teaching and Research Institute (C.L.T. & R.I.) Chengalpattu, took up studies on dapsone resistance in M. leprae from 1974. From 1978, the study was further strengthened by a project under THELEP (TDR) for eliciting information on the efficacy of certain drug regimens. The Thelep studies were to be conducted only on the dapsone sensitive untreated cases and, therefore, directed towards the detection of primary resistance, while the non-THELEP institutional studies were concentrated on secondary dapsone resistance problem. These two studies together detected 99 cases of dapsone resistance in the patients who attended CLTRI Hospital during 1974-81; 23 of them, were of primary origin, 16, 6 and 1 showing mild (RI), moderate (RII), and high (RIII) grades respectively. Of the remaining 76 cases of secondary resistance, 7 and 69 were of RII and RIII grades respectively. The need for vertical and horizontal monitoring of the drug resistance problem has been pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Deoxyfructo-serotonin: a new drug with anti-leprosy activity.

In the mouse foot pas, deoxyfructo-serotonin (DFS) shows a definite inhibitory effect on the multiplication of M. leprae in Dapsone-sensitive as well as Dapsone-resistant cases. In clinical trials, based on 7 cases treated with DFS for an average period of 6 months, the beneficial effects of DFS are observed after a few weeks of treatment in BB cases, and after a few months in LL cases. In addition to clear improvements in the appearance of the skin (regression and healing of nodules, almost complete disappearance of infiltration, etc) one observes in the majority of cases a rapid improvement in the bacteriological and morphological indexes, the latter falling to 0%. In the course of these studies, no single suggestion of intolerance was detected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histological and immunological correlates of suspected leprosy lesions.

Thirty-two subjects with suspected leprosy lesions were investigated to assess various modalities of sensibility and sweat function and these were correlated with immunological and histological parameters. It was found that pain and temperature, mediated by small unmyelinated fibres were impaired in the early lesions. Impairment of sweat function was seen only when one of the modalities of sensibility was also affected. Antibodies specific to a protein (35 kDa) antigen and phenolic glycolipid 1 of Mycobacterium leprae were positive in nine and 12 cases respectively, while 15 of the 31 biopsies revealed the presence of mycobacterial antigens in these lesions. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗