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Biomedical subjects

S Bajaj

Publications and source records attributed to S Bajaj.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Immediate and long-term results of delayed recanalization of occluded acute myocardial infarction-related arteries using coronary angioplasty.

Recent evidence suggests that late reperfusion of an occluded infarct-related artery after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may convey a better prognosis. The clinical outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) as a means of mechanical reperfusion in this particular setting has not been clearly delineated. Ninety-seven patients with AMI underwent PTCA of the occluded infarct-related artery after the acute phase of the AMI (48 hours to 2 weeks, mean 8 +/- 4 days). The study consisted of 72 men (74%) (mean age 56.5 +/- 12 years) and 25 women. Seventy-seven patients (79%) had a Q-wave AMI and 20 patients (21%) a non-Q-wave AMI. Seventy-six patients (79%) had angina after AMI and 4 had previously undergone coronary bypass surgery. Clinical success was achieved in 85 patients (87%). Angiographic success was obtained in 90 of the 97 occluded arteries (93%) and was similar for all 3 major vessels: right coronary 97%, left anterior descending 93% and circumflex 85% (p = not significant). Major complications (AMI, emergency bypass and death) occurred in 3 patients (3.1%). Long-term follow up (3.7 +/- 0.8 years) revealed symptomatic recurrence in 20 (23%), whereas 51 (58%) remained asymptomatic. Most recurrences (16 of 20) were in the form of restenosis rather than reocclusion, with a high success rate for repeat dilation (93%). These results indicate that mechanical reperfusion of an occluded infarct artery, performing PTCA 48 hours to 2 weeks after AMI, has a high success rate, a low complication rate and low symptomatic restenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Isoniazid induced neuropathy in slow versus rapid acetylators: an electrophysiological study.

Clinical, biochemical and nerve conduction studies were performed in 100 cases of tuberculosis taking isonicotinic acid hydrozide (isoniazid) for more than 12 weeks. Electro-physiological studies were carried out in a similar number of normal age and sex matched controls. In 16 percent of cases an abnormality was documented in the motor nerve conduction velocity, amplitude and terminal latency of the common peroneal, ulnar and median nerves; of these, only two patients had objective evidence of neuritis. The occurrence of isoniazid neuropathy was found to be more in the fourth decade of life (10 of 16), in those who had taken the drug for over six months (13 of 16), and in 'slow' inactivators (10 of 16).

Acetylation↗
PubMed1991

Contrast computed tomography in epilepsy with special reference to intracranial ring or disc enhancing lesions.

We report the results of computed tomography (CT) in 170 patients who developed seizures. Localized signs could be demonstrated by neurologic examination in 23.5%. CT findings were normal in 64 patients (37.6%). The commonest abnormality was a focal ring or disc enhancing lesion in 66 patients (62.3%) followed by calcification (18 patients; 16.9%), cerebral atrophy (9; 8.5%), vascular lesions (7; 6.6%), tumours (4; 3.8%) and congenital hydrocephalus (2; 1.9%). The occurrence of abnormal CT was higher (74.3%) in patients with partial seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A prospective study of 14 cases of motor neuron disease.

Fourteen consecutive patients with motor neuron disease were studied during a period of one year. Seven patients were in the second decade of life, with eleven below the age of 40 years. Males accounted for 13 cases. Four had sustained some trauma in the past, one had poliomyelitis. Younger patients (average age 17.9 years) usually had an asymmetrical lower motor neuron lesion which was gradually progressive (the Norris score reached an average of 89.9 in a mean period of 36.9 months). A largely symmetrical distribution affecting both the upper and lower motor neurons and the lower cranial nerves with a rapidly downhill course (the Norris score fell to 80.3 in 12.9 months) were the features observed in older patients (average age 46.7 years). Cerebrospinal fluid protein was raised in four cases. Anti-neural antibodies were not demonstrable in any of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Clinical profile and electrodiagnostic study of peripheral neuropathy.

A clinical analysis and electrophysiological study was performed in 40 cases of peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and electromyography (EMG) were also recorded in 20 healthy volunteers. Twelve cases were of diabetic neuropathy (DN), nine of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), eight of idiopathic, six of leprous, three of toxic neuropathy and one each of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and carcinomatous neuropathy. The onset was insidious in a majority of the cases (70%), the presenting symptom being paraesthesia (27.5%). A variable sensory loss was the commonest finding (77.5%). Two patients each had evidence of cranial nerve involvement and affection of urinary bladder and bowel. In both DN and GBS there was a significant reduction in the MNCV especially in the peroneal nerves. In DN 41.6% had evidence of decreased motor unit potentials and 16.6% showed spontaneous fibrillatory activity. For GBS these figures were 77.7% and 8.3% respectively. The peripheral nerve involvement was variable in leprosy and the EMG was normal in all, but one case.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A study on tropical splenomegaly syndrome and chloroquine prophylaxis.

Forty-two adults (22 males, 20 females) with tropical splenomegaly syndrome (TSS) were studied. Majority (88.1%) presented with complaints related to grossly enlarged spleen (greater than 10 cm). The duration of splenomegaly was 1 to 5 years in 54.8%. In 80.9% there was anaemia (Hb less than 10 g%). None of the patients had a macrocytic blood picture. Evidence of portal hypertension was observed in 56.7% and almost a similar number (58.1%) had raised intrasplenic pressure. The liver histology was entirely normal in only 8.8%. T-cell lymphopenia with B-cell lymphocytosis was a prominent feature. IgM values were raised in 73.8% and malarial antibody titres in 91.7% patients. Sixty-nine per cent of cases showed a distinct clinical and biochemical improvement after chloroquine chemoprophylaxis. Though a malarial origin in the development of TSS is favoured its precise aetiology is as yet speculative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Neuromyelitis optica: a case report from India.

A young Indian male was admitted for paraplegia of acute onset and with bilateral optic neuritis. The diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica was made. This is possibly the first case report of its kind from India.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the composition, quality and processing of triticale. Part I. Physico-chemical characteristics.

Studies on the physico-chemical characteristics of 14 promising strains of triticale and two check wheat varieties (Kalyansona and WL 711) grown under similar agronomic conditions were conducted. Significant differences were obtained for 1000 kernel weight ranging from 34.9 to 51.8 g, hectolitre weight ranging from 64.7 to 73.5 kg and pearling index depicting grain hardness varying significantly from 22.3 to 39.9%. Higher contents of protein (13.1%), ash (1.83%), lipids (2.65%), crude fibre (2.37%), energy value (1486 KJ/100 g), diastatic activity (283 mg maltose/10 g flour), reducing sugars (65.6 mg maltose/10 g) and non-reducing sugars (244 mg maltose/10 g) were observed in triticale than those in wheat. Low values of PELSHENKE and sedimentation tests indicated poor gluten quality in triticale.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the composition, quality and processing of triticale. Part II. Mineral composition of grain and flour.

Mineral composition of grain and flour in 14 promising triticale strains from India are reported. The mean values for whole grain, i.e. Ca (0.47 mg/g), P (2.70 mg/g), K 4.60 mg/g, Na (352 micrograms/g), Zn (41.6 micrograms/g), Cu (7.0 micrograms/g), Fe (73.4 micrograms/g) and Mn (33.6 micrograms/g) were obtained as compared to those of flour, i.e. Ca (0.27 mg/g), P (0.97 mg/g), K (1.64 mg/g), Na (231 micrograms/g), Zn (26 micrograms/g), Cu (4.0 micrograms/g) and Mn (10.5 micrograms/g), respectively. These values were found to be considerably higher than those of wheat. Highly significant positive correlations of ash with sodium and zinc in whole grain were observed. In the case of triticale flour, highly significant positive correlations of ash with manganese, phosphorus and potassium were obtained.

Calcium↗
PubMed1983

Adenosine and adenosine analogues are more toxic to chronic lymphocytic leukemia than to normal lymphocytes.

We compared the effect of adenosine and adenosine analogues on the phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferative response of blood lymphocytes from normal subjects and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. As measured by the inhibition of thymidine or leucine incorporation, adenosine was more toxic to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) than to normal lymphocytes. This difference was not affected by the removal of adherent cells. The patients' B lymphocytes were more susceptible to adenosine toxicity than normal B lymphocytes. Similar responses were noted in T lymphocytes from both sources. Differential susceptibility was also observed with deoxyadenosine and adenosine analogues, including 5'deoxyadenosine. Uridine rescue from adenosine toxicity was observed for normal and CLL lymphocytes. In the presence of uridine, there was no difference in the residual inhibition of CLL as compared to normal lymphocytes. Intact CLL lymphocytes metabolized 14C-adenosine at a much lower rate than normal lymphocytes. While it appears that the greater toxicity of adenosine to CLL lymphocytes reflects the impaired catabolism of this nucleoside by these cells, evidence is presented that this is not the only mechanism underlying the differential susceptibility. These results may serve as the basis for further pharmacologic investigations of adenosine and adenosine deaminase inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Adenosine↗