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Biomedical subjects

S B Jaffe

Publications and source records attributed to S B Jaffe.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of opioid antagonism on beta-endorphin processing and proopiomelanocortin-peptide release in the hypothalamus.

Previous studies have shown that chronic opioid receptor blockade has significant effects on POMC gene expression and peptide levels in the hypothalamus. We have now examined the effects of the opioid antagonist naltrexone on beta-EP processing in the hypothalamus and on the release of 2 POMC-derived peptides, beta-EP and gamma 3-MSH, from the perifused hypothalamus in vitro. The beta-EP immunoactivity in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) of 7 rats infused for 1 week with naltrexone by osmotic minipump, was individually analyzed by HPLC and compared to 7 control rats. The mean ratio of beta-EP1-31 compared to beta-EP1-27 plus beta-EP1-26 was 2.34 +/- 0.41 in the naltrexone treated rats, significantly higher than the ratio of 1.26 +/- 0.09 in the control rats (P < 0.02). Thus in the setting of chronic opioid antagonism although beta-EP content decreases, there is relatively more beta-EP1-31, the biologically active opioid form of the peptide, compared to the C-terminally cleaved forms of beta-EP which have reduced biological activity. To study the effects of naltrexone on beta-EP and gamma 3-MSH release, hypothalami were perifused in vitro with 10(-6) M naltrexone. Basal release of gamma 3-MSH was significantly higher from the naltrexone treated brains compared to the controls (221 +/- 20 pg/60 min vs. 161 +/- 6.7 pg/60 min) (P < 0.01); KCl stimulated gamma 3-MSH was also significantly higher in the naltrexone group (951 +/- 94 vs. 543 +/- 85 pg/60 min) (P < 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Incidence of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome with extremely elevated serum estrogen levels.

The incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is directly correlated with the pre-human chorionic gonadotropin blood estrogen (E) levels. The higher the E content, the greater the chances of OHSS. However, even when the E levels are very high, only 2.96% of the patients developed severe OHSS. Younger women with primary ovarian dysfunction are more at risk than older women. Human chorionic gonadotropin should be withheld when the estradiol levels are over 4,000 pg/ml; however, the patients should be individualized, since some patients--particularly older women--may require higher blood estradiol levels for successful ovulation induction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

A controlled study for gender selection.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success for gender selection of insemination with a sample of semen separated by a serum albumin density separation gradient. DESIGN: We retrospectively compared the gender outcome of conceptions of couples who conceived spontaneously with those who conceived secondary to an insemination with separated semen. SETTING: Private practice of one author (M.A.K.). PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: The study group consisted of 48 pregnancies of couples who conceived by the separation technique. The control group consisted of 46 pregnancies of couples who initially presented for consultation for gender selection but conceived spontaneously. INTERVENTIONS: In the study group, one timed intrauterine insemination with separated semen was performed per cycle, with a mean of 2.3 cycles per couple. Patients desiring a female were also treated with clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The gender outcome of the pregnancies of the two groups was evaluated based on the known desired gender. RESULTS: The success rate for conceiving a desired male was 56.5% in the study group and 60.9% in the control group (P = 1.000). Of couples seeking females, 78.6% of the procedure group versus 35.3% of the control group were successful (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: This study debates the albumin gradient as definitively enriching the proportion of Y-bearing sperm after in vitro separation.

Cell Separation↗