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Biomedical subjects

S B Holmes

Publications and source records attributed to S B Holmes.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of the herbicides hexazinone and triclopyr ester on aquatic insects.

Experiments were conducted to measure acute lethal response of aquatic insects to hexazinone (Velpar L) and triclopyr ester (Garlon 4) in flow-through laboratory bioassays, and to determine lethal and behavioral effects of these herbicides on insects in outdoor stream channels. No significant mortality (chi 2 P greater than 0.05) occurred in 13 test species exposed to hexazinone in laboratory flow-through bioassays (1-hr exposure, 48-hr observation) at the maximum test concentration of 80 mg/liter. The survival of insects exposed to 80 mg/liter hexazinone in outdoor stream channels was likewise unaffected. Significant drift (chi 2 P less than 0.001) of Isonychia sp. occurred during a hexazinone treatment of the stream channels, but only at the maximum concentration of 80 mg/liter, and survival of the displaced Isonychia sp. was not affected. In flow-through bioassays with triclopyr ester, 10 of 12 test species showed no significant mortality at concentrations greater than 80 mg/liter. Survival of Isogenoides sp. and Dolophilodes distinctus was significantly affected at less than 80 mg/liter. Lethal concentrations were estimated by probit analysis of concentration-response data (1-hr exposure, 48-hr observation) for Simulium sp. (LC50 = 303 mg/liter), Isogenoides sp. (LC50 = 61.7 mg/liter), and D. distinctus (LC50 = 0.6 mg/liter). Triclopyr ester applications to the stream channels resulted in significant drift and mortality of D. distinctus at 3.2 mg/liter (no effects at 0.32 mg/liter), Isogenoides sp. at 32 mg/liter, and Hydropsyche sp. and Epeorus vitrea at 320 mg/liter. The risk to aquatic insects of these herbicides used in forest vegetation management is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of the organophosphorus pesticide fenitrothion on behavior and reproduction in zebra finches.

Activity was significantly altered in zebra finch pairs orally dosed with fenitrothion insecticide at rates of 1.04 and 3.80 mg/kg. Both the level and the dirunal pattern of activity were affected. Recovery of normal activity required 1-2 days, depending on the dosage administered. Fenitrothion had only a slight effect on reproduction when parents were dosed at the egg-laying stage of the breeding cycle. The implications of these results for the interpretation of field monitoring studies are discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1982

The lethal toxicity of Matacil 1.8 F to rainbow trout and its in vivo metabolism.

Fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) were used to determine the lethal toxicity of Matacil 1.8 F and Matacil 1.8 D ready-to-use formulations. The 96-h LC50s were 21.3 mg/l for water-based Matacil 1.8 F; 19.1 mg/l for oil-based Matacil 1.8 F; and 0.36 mg/l for Matacil 1.8 D. Aminocarb (4-dimethylamino-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate) and MA (4-methylamino-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate) were detected in fish tissue 96 h after exposure. More than 50% of the total residue (Aminocarb + MA) were the parent compound. The bioaccumulation ratio ranged from 1.70 to 3.32 at different concentrations of aminocarb. Both aminocarb and MA were rapidly eliminated after the fish had been transferred to clean water; the total residue declined by more than 90% in 72 h and became non-detectable in 96 h.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Caregivers' attitudes toward their family members' participation in Alzheimer disease research: implications for recruitment and retention.

Current levels of participation in Alzheimer disease (AD) research are inadequate, particularly among nonwhites. This study was conducted to examine caregivers' attitudes toward their family members' participation in AD research. Six focus group interviews were conducted with 38 white and 12 African-American caregivers of participants enrolled in clinical research projects. Both white and African-American families participated in research to help their care recipients and future generations, receive support from the clinical and research staff, and obtain feedback about patient status and research results. Among white caregivers, primary barriers to participation in research included the potential for no direct benefit, problems with the procedures and tests involved, lack of time and resources, and difficulty accepting the diagnosis. Among African-American caregivers, primary barriers included general skepticism about the research process and firmly established attitudes about medical treatment and help seeking that serve as disincentives to research participation. To maximize the perceived benefits of research participation, potential participants should have access to regular personal contact with staff, information about health status changes in the care recipient, and the short-term and long-term results of the research studies in which they are participants. In addition, researchers should be sensitive to the concerns that may serve as barriers to participation, particularly among African Americans.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic lupus erythematosus: medical and nursing treatments.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem autoimmune disease that may affect skin, joints, mucous membranes, heart, lungs, kidneys, nervous system and all the blood cell lines. Although its cause is unknown, abnormal immune function results in the formation of antibodies directed against various components of the human body (autoantibodies). Treatment depends of the severity of the illness and may include nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents for arthritis; antimalarial therapy for skin disease and other mild lupus manifestations; and corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents including azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate for more severe lupus manifestations. Persons affected by lupus and their families need help in understanding the condition and require support as they deal with fear, depression, and possible disability. Implications for nursing are varied and include patient/family education about medication, joint protection principles, energy conservation, pain and stress management, and coping techniques.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Advanced practice nursing role: clinical nurse specialist.

The public continues to demand quality health care that focuses on the achievement of quality patient outcomes. The clinical nurse specialist is an advanced practice role that originated in the early 1900s as a result of similar public demand, and continues to evolve to meet quality health care needs. Advanced practice nurses have many opportunities to create expanded nursing roles. Orthopaedic nurses also continue to refine their practice roles, and the clinical nurse specialist is one such example.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adult trauma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a nursing automated documentation system.

As hospital length of stay has decreased and patient acuity has increased, the nurse is confronted daily with the challenge of managing time between patient care and documentation. Documentation of care has consistently been a time-consuming and frustrating part of nursing practice. The nursing shortage has only compounded this problem. St. Joseph's Hospital has creatively begun to facilitate documentation by developing a Nursing Automated Documentation System (NADS) in collaboration with CliniCom, Inc. of Boulder, Colorado. This article documents the development and implementation of the system.

Documentation↗