Low seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with leukemia.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Asano
Publications and source records attributed to S Asano.
Significant expression of G-CSF-induced gene-1 (GIG-1) protein in myeloid cells and NK cells.
The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced gene, GIG-1, was originally cloned from G-CSF-stimulated bone marrow mononuclear cells obtained from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We have characterized the GIG-1 gene and its protein product. Expression of GIG-1 mRNA was elevated by treatment with G-CSF in normal bone marrow mononuclear cells, as well as in some cases of blast cells obtained from patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and CML. Western blot analysis with anti-GIG-1 peptide antiserum showed the molecular mass of GIG-1 product was about 17 kDa. Immunostaining of the hematopoietic cells demonstrated that GIG-1 product was mainly localized to the cytoplasm of both myeloid and natural killer (NK) cells. These results suggested that GIG-1 protein is an integral component that is accumulated during the differentiation of myeloid cells toward the stage of mature neutrophils. Expression of GIG-1 gene in mature neutrophils was tightly regulated and reactivation of GIG-1 gene by G-CSF in mature neutrophils may represent a compensation process for the protein lost through the activation of these cells, thus implying an important role for this protein in host defense mechanisms.
Antigens, CD34↗
Appearance of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant isoforms and immunolocalization of them in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation in rats.
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Recently, rat cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC), which belongs to the interleukin-8 family, was grouped into four isoforms, CINC-1, CINC-2a, CINC-2beta, and CINC-3. To determine the major component and the source of CINC in airways, we investigated the change in appearance of CINC isoforms after exposure of rats to lipopolysaccharide. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, 8-10 weeks old, were used in the present study. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after lipopolysaccharide inhalation (4 mg/ml for 30 min). The concentrations of each specific rat CINC in the BAL supernatant were measured by use of commercially available kits. Furthermore, lung tissue was employed for immunohistochemical staining of CINCs (CINC-1, -2alpha,-2beta, and -3) using the streptavidin-biotin technique. RESULTS: Inhalation of lipopolysaccharide caused increases in CINC-1, CINC-2aalpha, and CINC-3 in BAL fluids, whereas CINC-2beta was not detected. The increases in CINC-2a and CINC-3 were less than the increase in CINC-1. Positive immunohistochemical staining for CINC-1 was detected in bronchial noncilliated cells and in certain neutrophils that had infiltrated into the submucosa. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that CINC-1 is the major isoform among the four CINCs in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation in rats. Its sources are likely to be bronchial noncilliated cells and certain infiltrating neutrophils.
Animals↗
Subcapsular hemorrhage of the liver in a very-low-birth-weight neonate: survival after decompression laparotomy.
Subcapsular hemorrhage of the liver in a very-low-birth-weight neonate was successfully treated by decompression laparotomy. This may be the second smallest survivor after surgery in the literature.
Decompression, Surgical↗
Handlebar hernia: case report and review of pediatric cases.
The authors describe a rare case of handlebar hernia in a 9-year-old-boy. All layers of his abdominal wall were disrupted by a fall on a bicycle; however, his skin and intra-abdominal organs were completely intact. Computed tomography demonstrated subcutaneous intestinal loops protruding through the rent. Surgical repair was performed, and his postoperative course was uneventful.
Abdominal Muscles↗
Interferon-gamma impairs physiologic downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27Kip1, during G1 phase progression in macrophages.
Cell cycle progression of mouse macrophage cells was impaired by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The blockage of G1/S transition was associated with diminution of cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2)-associated kinase activities. The expression of p21Cip1 was not upregulated by IFN-gamma. Instead, the physiologic downregulation of p27Kip1 necessary for normal cell cycle progression did not take place sufficiently in the presence of IFN-gamma. During normal cell cycle progression, the levels of p27Kip1 were maximal at early G1 and then decreased gradually. In the presence of IFN-gamma, however, the levels of p27Kip1 discontinued to decrease at a late mid G1 point and were consistently as high as, or higher than, levels observed there. The steady, relatively high-level attachment of p27Kip1 to CDK2 contributed to the insufficient formation of active cyclin/CDK2, possibly deferring cells from entering S phase.
Animals↗
IL-2/LAK therapy for refractory acute monoblastic leukemia relapsing after unrelated allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Leukemia relapse is a major cause of treatment failure after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. We administered recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) to a patient who relapsed after unrelated allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (uBMT). While the number of peripheral blood monoblastic leukemia cells increased after administration of rIL-2, the patient achieved durable remission for 5 months after low-dose chemotherapy followed by adoptive transfer of engrafted graft-derived lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Following the disappearance of the blast cells, however, both cutaneous and liver GVHD were exacerbated. Administration of rIL-2 and adoptive transfer of graft-derived LAK cells are considered to be possible choices for the treatment of acute leukemia relapsing after uBMT when donor leukocyte transfusion is not available.
Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
Immunological reconstitution after cord blood transplantation for an adult patient.
We transplanted 4.1x10(7) unrelated umbilical cord blood cells into a 27-year-old patient suffering from transformed acute myelocytic leukemia. The thawing method was the same as described by Rubinstein et al (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1995; 92: 10119-10122). ANC reached over 500x10(9)/l on day 19, and the patient was free from RBC and platelet transfusion on days 26 and 38, respectively. Cytogenetic and molecular analysis after transplant revealed complete chimerism. The CD3+CD4+ lymphocyte count became greater than 100x10(9)/l at 5 weeks after transplantation. The CD3+CD8+ count became greater than 500x10(9)/l at 7 weeks and thereafter progressively increased in spite of administration of CYA. This immunological reconstitution pattern after umbilical cord blood transplantation was different from that after bone marrow transplantation, and resistance of CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes to CYA was the distinguishing characteristic. The rapid hematological recovery and immunological reconstitution may be attributed to the high dose of transfused nucleated cells and umbilical cord blood transplantation may become a promising method for treatment for such cases.
Adult↗
Analysis of 500 bone marrow transplants from unrelated donors (UR-BMT) facilitated by the Japan Marrow Donor Program: confirmation of UR-BMT as a standard therapy for patients with leukemia and aplastic anemia.
In December 1991, the Japan Marrow Donor Program (JMDP) was established with the cooperation of the Japanese Red Cross and Japan Marrow Donor Foundation under the auspices of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan. By December 1998, 122365 HLA-A,B typed volunteer marrow donors and 7207 patients had been cumulatively registered in the JMDP. The results of HLA-matching between donors and patients revealed that 5684 out of 7207 (78.9%) patients could have at least one HLA-A,B,DR serologically matched donor. Among these matched pairs, 1829 unrelated bone marrow transplants (UR-BMT) were performed. The initial 500 UR-BMT transplanted from January 1993 to October 1995 were analyzed as of July 1998. Engraftment was achieved in 95% of cases. Probability of the occurrence of grade III and IV acute GVHD was 18.4%. The rate of disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients who had standard-risk leukemia and did not suffer from grade III or IV acute GVHD (n = 154) was 60-71% and the rate of survival of patients with aplastic anemia was 56%. It can be stated that UR-BMT is a modality of treatment which is as effective as related BMT if the occurrence of grade III or IV acute GVHD is predicted and prevented.
Acute Disease↗
Expression of p16INK4A and p14ARF in hematological malignancies.
The INK4A/ARF locus yields two tumor suppressors, p16INK4A and p14ARF, and is frequently deleted in human tumors. We studied their mRNA expressions in 41 hematopoietic cell lines and in 137 patients with hematological malignancies; we used a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay. Normal peripheral bloods, bone marrow and lymph nodes expressed little or undetectable p16INK4A and p14ARF mRNAs, which were readily detected in 12 and 17 of 41 cell lines, respectively. Patients with hematological malignancies frequently lacked p16INK4A expression (60/137) and lost p14ARF expression less frequently (19/137, 13.9%). Almost all patients without p14ARF expression lacked p16INK4A expression, which may correspond to deletions of the INK4A/ARF locus. Undetectable p16INK4A expression with p14ARF expression in 41 patients may correspond to p16INK4A promoter methylation or to normal expression status of the p16INK4A gene. All patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), myeloma or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) expressed p14ARF while nine of 23 patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) lost p14ARF expression. Patients with ALL, AML or blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia expressed abundant p16INK4A mRNAs more frequently than patients with other diseases (12/33 vs 6/104, P < 0.01). Patients with FL and high p14ARF expression had a significantly shorter survival time while survival for patients with DLBCL and increased p14ARF expression tended to be longer. These observations indicate that p16INK4A and p14ARF expression is differentially affected among hemato- logical malignancies and that not only inactivation but also increased expression may have clinical significance.
Adolescent↗
Treatment of advanced myelodysplastic syndrome with a regimen including recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor preceding allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
We treated 13 patients with morphologically advanced myelodysplastic syndrome using cytosine arabinoside and total body irradiation, followed by allogeneic marrow transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donors. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was added to the preparative regimen to selectively increase chemosensitivity of leukaemic cells and to improve transplant outcome. No regimen-related deaths occurred, and no side-effects related to the addition of G-CSF were observed except for transient mild bone pain. At a median follow-up time of 39 months the projected 5-year disease-free survival and 5-year overall survival were 67.7% and 75.5%, respectively, with only one case showing cytogenetic relapse. The preparative regimen including G-CSF is feasible, and preliminary results seem to be encouraging. However, a larger trial is clearly warranted to evaluate its efficacy.
Adolescent↗
Analysis of myelodysplastic syndrome clones arising after multiple myeloma: a case study by correlative interphase cytogenetic analysis.
BACKGROUND: A patient with multiple myeloma developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Chromosomal analysis performed after the development of MDS revealed monosomy of chromosome 9 in all the meta-phases. We wished to identify the extent of the clone with the chromosomal abnormality originating from MDS clone. METHODS: A correlative interphase study by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed and we determined whether each lineage of cells obtained the molecular mark. The chromosome 9 classic alpha satellite region DNA was used as a probe for the FISH analysis in smear specimens stained with Wright-Giemsa stain. RESULTS: Erythroblasts, granulocytes and myelocytes had only one signal, whereas myeloma cells showed two to four signals. CONCLUSION: This study visualized the spectrum of MDS clone. The results suggest that the origin of MDS is different from that of multiple myeloma, at least in this case.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9↗
US3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus type 2 plays a role in protecting corneal epithelial cells from apoptosis in infected mice.
To clarify the biological role of US3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in vivo, the expression of the viral antigen, the appearance of apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation were examined immunohistologically after corneal infection of mice with three different kinds of HSV-2 strain 186: the wild-type virus, a US3-deficient mutant (L1BR1) and its revertant (L1B-11). In both wild-type 186- and L1B-11-infected mice, viral antigen was diffusely found in the corneal epithelium; no apoptotic changes were detected in the epithelial cells. Whereas, in L1BR1-infected mice, HSV-immunoreactivity was localized around the virus-inoculated sites, and a large number of apoptotic bodies were observed in the corneal epithelium with dual-positive reactions for both HSV-immunostaining and TUNEL staining. These results suggest that the US3 protein kinase plays an important role in protecting HSV-2-infected cells from apoptotic death in vivo.
Animals↗
Factors governing the activity in vivo of ribozymes transcribed by RNA polymerase III.
In order to determine the parameters that govern the activity of a ribozyme in vivo, we made a systematic analysis of chimeric tRNAVal ribozymes by measuring their cleavage activities in vitro as well as the steady-state levels of transcripts, the half-lives of transcribed tRNAVal ribozymes, and their activities in both HeLa and H9 cells. These analyses were conducted by the use of transient expression systems in HeLa cells and stable transformants that express ribozymes. Localization of transcripts appeared to be determined by the higher-order structure of each transcribed tRNAVal ribozyme. Since colocalization of the ribozyme with its target RNA is important for strong activity of the ribozyme in vivo, the best system for tRNA-based expression seems to be one in which the structure of the transcript is different from that of the natural tRNA precursor so that processing of the tRNAVal ribozyme can be avoided. At the same time, the structure of the transcript must be similar enough to allow recognition, probably by an export receptor, so that the transcript can be exported to the cytoplasm to ensure colocalization with its target. In the case of several tRNAVal ribozymes that we constructed, inspection of computer-predicted secondary structures enabled us to control the export of transcripts. We found that only a ribozyme that was transcribed at a high level and that had a sufficiently long half-life, within cells, had significant activity when used to withstand a challenge by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Animals↗
Gene-modified immunotherapy for renal cell carcinoma.
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Animals↗
Isotype-specific changes in the amount of beta-tubulin RNA in synchronized tobacco BY2 cells.
The 3'-ends of the beta-tubulin cDNA were amplified from tobacco BY2 polyA+ RNA. According to the differences in the predicted amino acid sequence at the extreme C-terminal, they were grouped into three different isotypes, NTB1 in which "EEGDYYEEDEEDLNEA", NTB2 in which "EEEYYEDEEEA QED" and NTB3 in which "DECEYEEEEEYDHEGN" follows the conservative "YQQYQDATAD" sequence. Using unique 3'-untranslated regions as probes, changes in the RNA levels of each beta-tubulin isotype were determined by dot-blot hybridization. The levels exhibited characteristic rhythms in the cell cycle. NTB1 RNA was highest in S phase in comparison to NTB2 RNA level which was highest in late G2. On the other hand, NTB3 RNA level was highest in early G2.
3' Untranslated Regions↗
Unusual complications in an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm.
An unusual case of an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA) associated with coronary aneurysms and pathological fracture of the adjacent lumbar vertebrae. The associated coronary lesions in cases of IAAA are usually occlusions. In the present case, it was concluded that a possible cause of the coronary aneurysm was coronary arteritis and the etiology of the pathological fracture of the lumbar vertebrae was occlusion of the lumbar penetrating arteries due to vasculitis resulting in aseptic necrosis. Inflammatory AAA can be associated with aneurysms in addition to occlusive disease in systemic arteries. The preoperative evaluation of systemic arterial lesions and the function of systemic organs is essential.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗
Alkaline phosphatase, defensin gene expression and effect of myeloid cell growth factors in normal and leukemic cells.
In neutrophils, four different granules are defined, i.e. azurophil, specific, gelatinase and secretary vesicles. In these granules many neutrophil-specific constituents are identified. Some of these constituents have already been cloned and their gene expressions studied. In such constituents, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and defensin are well known, although their functions are not yet fully clarified. ALP is present in secretary vesicles and has important roles in the diagnosis of some myeloid disorders. On the other hand, defensin is the most abundant functional peptide of neutrophils and is present in azurophillic granules. Which are subdivided into defensin-rich and defensin-poor granules. This review describes the expression of ALP and the defensin gene in normal and leukemic cells and the effect on these genes of myeloid growth factors, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 3.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗