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Biomedical subjects

S Arichi

Publications and source records attributed to S Arichi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of soya saponins on gold thioglucose (GTG)-induced obesity in mice.

The effect of oral administration of total soya saponins (TS) on the development of obesity induced by (GTG) injection was examined. In the GTG-obese group, the serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels were significantly increased and food consumption was suggestively increased. In addition, sucrase activity in the intestinal mucosa was increased and the surface area of intestinal villi was significantly greater, suggesting enhanced gastrointestinal function. Oral administration of TS prevented development of obesity and prevented an increased level of IRI in GTG-obese animals. It also restored the sucrase activity and the surface area of intestinal villi to normal. Thus, TS may be effective in preventing development of obesity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of stilbene derivatives on arachidonate metabolism in leukocytes.

The effects of various alpha-phenylcinnamic acid derivatives (i.e., alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)cinnamic acid, alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxycinnamic acid, alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxycinnamic acid and alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3, 4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) synthesized from 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid and hydroxy-benzaldehyde, and 3,3',4-trihydroxystilbene obtained by decarboxylation of alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxycinnamic acid on rat peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocyte lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities were studied. 3,3',4-Trihydroxystilbene was found to inhibit the 5-lipoxygenase product, 5-hydroperoxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), and cyclooxygenase products, 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid (HHT) and thromboxane B2; its concentrations for 50% inhibition (IC50) were 0.885 +/- 0.016 microM for the leukocyte lipoxygenase product, 5-HETE, 7.70 +/- 0.104 microM for the formations of HHT and 7.96 +/- 0.143 microM for the formation of thromboxane B2. Alpha-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)cinnamic acid, alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxycinnamic acid and alpha-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid also inhibited the formations of 5-HETE, HHT and thromboxane B2, although less strongly. Their IC50 values were, respectively, 91.3 +/- 3.62 microM, 947.5 +/- 28.7 microM, 453.3 +/- 229.3 microM and 148.8 +/- 50.6 microM for the formation of 5-HETE, 894.0 +/- 5.57 microM, 792.5 +/- 15.9 microM, greater than 1000 microM and 925.0 +/- 7.64 microM for the formation of HHT and 941.0 +/- 18.0 microM, 825 +/- 14.4 microM, greater than 1000 microM and 932.7 +/- 3.93 microM for the formation of thromboxane B2.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of the formation of 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid from arachidonic acid in polymorphonuclear leukocytes by various coumarins.

The effects of various coumarins (i.e. esculetin, daphnetin and fraxetin) on the formation of the 5-lipoxygenase product, 5-HETE, and the cyclooxygenase product, HHT, were studied. Esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) was found to inhibit the formation of 5-HETE more strongly than HHT; its concentrations for 50% inhibition (IC50) were 1.46 +/- 1.02 microM for the formation 5-HETE and 57.3 +/- 17.3 microM for the formation of HHT. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin) and fraxetin (6-methoxy-7,8-dihydroxycoumarin) also inhibited the formation of the 5-lipoxygenase product, 5-HETE, and the cyclooxygenase product, HHT; their IC50 values were, respectively, 6.90 +/- 2.07 microM and 2.57 +/- 0.088 microM for the formation of 5-HETE and 139.0 +/- 30.0 microM and 532.5 +/- 33.0 microM for the formation of HHT. The monohydroxy coumarin derivatives umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin) and scopoletin (6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin) and the coumarin glucosides fraxin (6-methoxy-7,8-dihydroxycoumarin 8-O-D-glucoside) and esculin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin 6-O-D-glucoside) also inhibited the formation of 5-HETE, though less strongly. 4-Hydroxycoumarin and coumarin had no effect on either 5-lipoxygenase or cyclooxygenase at concentrations of up to 1 mM. Esculetin inhibited the formation of 5-HETE noncompetitively. In contrast, the dimethoxycoumarin fraxidin (6,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin) inhibited the formation of HHT more strongly than the formation of 5-HETE at a concentration of 1 mM.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of stilbenes on arachidonate metabolism in leukocytes.

The effects of various stilbenes (i.e, 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene, 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene 3-O-D-glucoside and 2,3,4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-D-glucoside) isolated from the roots of Polygonum species on rat peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocyte lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities were studied. Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) was found to inhibit the 5-lipoxygenase product, 5-HETE, and cyclooxygenase products, HHT and thromboxane B2; its concentrations for 50% inhibition (IC50) were 2.72 +/- 0.262 microM for the leukocyte lipoxygenase product, 5-HETE, 0.683 +/- 0.163 microM for the formations of HHT and 0.810 +/- 0.274 microM for the formation of thromboxane B2. Piceid (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene 3-O-D-glucoside) and 2,3,4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-D-glucoside also inhibited the formation of 5-HETE, HHT and thromboxane B2, although less strongly. Their IC50 values were, respectively, 55.3 +/- 15.3 microM and greater than 1000 microM for the formation of 5-HETE, 196.7 +/- 48.0 microM and 300.0 +/- 10.4 microM for the formation of HHT and 251.7 +/- 24.9 microM and 366.7 +/- 37.1 microM for the formation of thromboxane B2.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of saikosaponin-d on enhanced CCl4-hepatotoxicity by phenobarbitone.

The effects of saikosaponin-d extracted from the roots of Buplerum falcatum L. on increased toxicity of CCl4 and increased activities of microsomal enzymes induced by phenobarbitone have been examined. Saikosaponin-d showed protection against the CCl4-hepatotoxicity enhanced by phenobarbitone. It also inhibited increases in the content of cytochrome P450 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity, which are induced by the phenobarbitone treatment, but the spectral characteristics of P450 were not altered. The rate of microsomal lipid peroxidation by NADPH and CCl4 was significantly lowered in-vitro in rats pretreated with phenobarbitone and saikosaponin-d compared with those pretreated with phenobarbitone alone.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1985

Control of phenotypic expression of cultured B16 melanoma cells by plant glycosides.

The effects of two plant glycosides, ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2, on the growth and differentiation of mouse melanoma (B16) cells in culture were studied. These plant glycosides have a dammarane skeleton resembling a steroid skeleton as an aglycone. Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits the growth of B16 melanoma cells, causes morphological alterations, and stimulates melanogenesis at high cellular density. When ginsenoside Rh2 was removed after 2 or 6 days of treatment, the growth rate recovered slightly but not completely, during the period of observation (4 days after removal). On the other hand, ginsenoside Rh1 does not inhibit the growth of melanoma cells even at concentrations over 100 microM but stimulates the expression of the melanotic phenotype. Ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2, possessing a glucose molecule at C-6 and C-3, respectively, have very similar chemical structures, but their effects on B16 melanoma cells differ remarkably. While it appears that the degree of differentiation is inversely related to cell growth, the present observations suggest that the differentiation and growth capacity of this B16 melanoma subline are independent phenotypic expressions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Serum lipid peroxide levels in rats with inherited cataracts.

In a new strain of rat with inherited cataracts, a postnatal increase in serum lipid peroxide level was observed. It reached the maximum on the 13th day after birth. This seems to be a reflection of the increased lipid peroxides in the liver. In accordance with the increase in serum lipid peroxide level, the occurrence of vacuoles in the subcapsular fibers of the posterior region of the lens was observed by electron microscopy, suggesting a relationship between the increase in serum lipid peroxides and the provocation of cataract formation.

Age Factors↗