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Biomedical subjects

S Ando

Publications and source records attributed to S Ando.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Relationship between clinical efficiency of cefoperazone and the value of area under the time concentration curve in infectious diseases].

Clinical efficiency and side effects of cefoperazone (CPZ) against 40 infectious diseases in the field of internal medicine were studied. In addition, relationship between clinical efficiency and the value of area under the time concentration curve (AUC) was evaluated. It was possible to evaluate clinical responses in 36 cases of 40 infections; Responses were excellent in 15, good in 16, fair in 3 and poor in 2. An overall efficacy rate was 86.1%. A high dose of CPZ (2 g X 2/day) produced a higher efficacy rate than a low dose of the drug (1 g X 2/day) [95.8% (23/24 cases) vs. 66.7% (8/12 cases)] but the difference was not statistically significant. It was possible to evaluate bacteriological efficacy in 32 cases. Bacteria were eradicated in 29 (90.6%) and decreased in 3. The value of AUC in the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the low dose group. Values of AUC in cases of excellent or good clinical responses tended to be higher than values in cases of fair or poor responses. Side effects were noted in 4 cases, but they were not serious and improvements were observed without withdrawal of the drug except 1 case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

1H-2D-nuclear magnetic resonance applied to the primary structure determination of a novel octasaccharide glycolipid isolated from the spermatozoa of bivalves.

High resolution, two-dimensional 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy has been used to confirm a proposed primary structure of a glycolipid having an octasaccharide head-group. Pure absorption and relay experiments were found to be particularly useful in establishing connectivities in poorly resolved regions of the spectrum. The spectral assignments, which indicate novel linkages including an internal fucopyranosyl residue as well as terminal xylosyl and 4-O-methylglucopyranosyluronic acid groups, add to a growing data base for structural characterization through n.m.r. spectroscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cold-labile hemolysin produced by limited proteolysis of theta-toxin from Clostridium perfringens.

A nicked toxin whose hemolytic activity is temperature dependent was obtained by limited proteolysis of theta-toxin (Mr 54,000) with subtilisin. The nicked toxin (C theta) is a complex of two fragments: the N-terminal fragment (Mr 15,000) with basic isoelectric point and the C-terminal fragment (Mr 39,000) with the single cysteinyl residue of the toxin whose reduced form is essential for the hemolytic activity. C theta hemolyzes erythrocytes only at temperatures above 25 degrees C, whereas the native toxin hemolyzes them even at 10 degrees C. At temperatures below 25 degrees C, C theta does not hemolyze them although it does bind to membrane cholesterol and although no distinct difference was observed between the secondary structure of C theta and that of native toxin. It was found that C theta binds to the cells only in a reversible manner at low temperature, while the native one binds irreversibly to the cells within 10 min, which explains the cold lability of C theta on hemolysis. The structural basis of the cold lability was discussed through comparison of C theta with another nicked derivative of theta-toxin that was also obtained.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Activation of phosphatidic acid metabolism of human erythrocyte membranes by perfringolysin O.

The effect of perfringolysin O on the lipid metabolism of human erythrocyte membranes was investigated. Erythrocytes were prelabeled with [3H]arachidonic acid and [32P]inorganic phosphate. In the presence of calcium ion(5.5 mM), the effect of perfringolysin O on lipid metabolism was very similar to that of an calcium-ionophore A23187. In the absence of calcium ion, the accumulation of phosphatidic acid and its following decreasing trend were observed during the reaction with the toxin. Such changes were not caused by filipin. These results suggest that perfringolysin O causes the activation of a diglyceride-phosphatidic acid cycle, which might be involved in the calcium transport.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on prolactin secreting capacity in the ovulatory infertile patients with transient hyperprolactinemia].

The changes in serum prolactin levels during the menstrual cycle have not been clarified yet. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the changes in serum prolactin levels during the menstrual cycle exist in ovulatory infertile patients having high prolactin release due to TRH administration described below (transient hyperprolactinemia) and control cases. Serum prolactin levels in both groups were less than 25 ng/ml at daytime. In the patients with transient hyperprolactinemia, serum prolactin levels showed more than 150 ng/ml at 30 min. after the administration of 500 micrograms of TRH, and those were less than 150 ng/ml in the normal control group. The daily changes of serum FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 6 cases of transient hyperprolactinemia and 5 controls which showed normal ovulatory cycles in the patterns of the BBT charts and other hormones. An estrogen feedback test was also carried out at the mid-luteal phase in 9 cases of transient hyperprolactinemia and the controls to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, prolactin and estradiol. In the patients with transient hyperprolactinemia, 5 mg of bromocriptine was administered every day for more than 30 days, and the effects of bromocriptine on the changes in serum gonadotropin levels by the estrogen feedback test were also analysed. Serum prolactin levels in the follicular, ovulatory and mid-luteal phases increased significantly in the patients with transient hyperprolactinemia, compared to the controls (p less than 0.005). The pattern of serum prolactin levels in the patients with transient hyperprolactinemia was almost synchronized with that of serum estradiol levels. There was also a significant correlation (r = 0.5782, p less than 0.005) between the prolactin and estradiol levels in the serum of the patients. The obvious change was not noted in serum prolactin levels during the menstrual cycle of the controls. No significant change in other hormones was observed during the cycle between these two groups. After the administration of estradiol benzoate (100 micrograms/kg), serum estradiol levels increased markedly, serum prolactin levels increased with the similar change in serum estradiol levels, and serum prolactin levels in the patients with transient hyperprolactinemia were significantly higher compared to those of the controls (p less than 0.01 approximately 0.005). The responses of serum gonadotropin levels by the administration of estradiol benzoate had good positive and negative feedback effects in the patients with transient hyperprolactinemia as well as those of the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of a diphosphonopentaosylceramide containing 3-O-methylgalactose from the skin of Aplysia kurodai (sea hare)

The complete structure is proposed for a ceramide (Cer), bis(2-aminoethylphosphono)-pentaoside, isolated from the skin of Aplysia kurodai. This new phosphonoglycosphingolipid was purified using two systems of column chromatography on silicic acid. The purity of the glycolipid was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography, analysis of its composition, and proton magnetic resonance spectrometry. The component carbohydrates were glucose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and 3-O-methylgalactose. Most (90%) of the fatty acid was palmitic acid and the major sphingosine bases were octadeca-4-sphingenine (51%) and anteisononadeca-4-sphingenine (38%). 2-Aminoethylphosphonyl-6-galactose was identified after its partial hydrolysis. From studies by methanolysis, permethylation, mild acid hydrolysis, hydrogen fluoride treatment, chromium trioxide oxidation combined with thin-layer chromatography, gas liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and proton magnetic resonance spectrometry, the structure of the glycolipid was concluded to be 3-OMeGal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----3[6'-O-(2-aminoethylphosphonyl)-Gal alpha 1----2](2-aminoethylphosphonyl----6)Gal beta 1----4Glc beta 1----1Cer.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A ganglioside of rat ascites hepatoma AH 7974F cells. Occurrence of a novel disialoganglioside (GD1 alpha) with a unique N-acetylneuraminosyl (alpha 2-6)-N-acetylgalactosamine structure.

A novel disialoganglioside has been isolated from rat ascites hepatoma AH 7974F cells. Based on the results of sequential enzymatic hydrolysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the methylated sugars, the structure was concluded to be (Formula: see text) Proton magnetic resonance spectra of the ganglioside have been obtained and peaks of protons were assigned based on the analytical results. This is the first report on the occurrence in mammalian cells of an example of this new series of gangliosides which has NeuAc linked to the C6 position of GalNAc of the gangliotetraosyl backbone. The present ganglioside was named GD1 alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of transient or occult hyperprolactinemia on luteal function].

It is well known that the luteal function in the patients with hyperprolactinemia is much suppressed by high level of serum prolactin. Present study was performed to investigate whether the luteal function in the patients with transient or occulted hyperprolactinemia was affected by the transient increase of serum prolactin level. The circadian changes of serum FSH, LH, prolactin, estrone, estradiol and progesterone levels were examined in seven cases of the transient or occulted hyperprolactinemia whose BBT charts showed biphasic patterns. Serum prolactin levels of these patients were less than 25 ng/ml at daytime and more than 150 ng/ml at 30 minutes after the administration of 500 micrograms of TRH. Blood samplings were taken every two hours through an intravenous indwelling catheter without any disturbances. All of the patients had their breakfast at 7 to 8, lunch at 11 to 12 and dinner at 17 to 18 o'clock and slept from 22 until 6 in the next morning. Serum FSH, LH, prolactin, estrone, estradiol and progesterone levels were determined by RIA and the circadian changes of these hormones were analysed. Then, 5 mg of bromocriptine was administered every day to these patients for more than 30 days and the duration of the luteal phase and the mid-luteal serum estradiol and progesterone levels for the indicators of the luteal function were examined before and after the administration of bromocriptine. The circadian changes of serum prolactin levels in the patients showed significant increase during both daytime and night compared to those of the control (p less than 0.005, p less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Antibacterial activity of BMY-28142, a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin.

BMY-28142, 7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3- (1-methylpyrrolidinio)methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylate, exhibited a well-balanced, extended-spectrum of antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. Against Staphylococci and Streptococci, BMY-28142 was about four to ten times more active than ceftazidime and comparable to cefotaxime. Most Enterobacteriaceae were more susceptible to BMY-28142 than to ceftazidime, though strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were slightly more sensitive to ceftazidime. BMY-28142 showed potent activity against Gram-negative bacteria resistant to ceftazidime and/or cefotaxime. Bactericidal activity of BMY-28142 against 10 strains of P. aeruginosa was superior to that of ceftazidime. In bacterial infection models in mice, BMY-28142 was more effective than ceftazidime against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative pathogens. The anti-pseudomonal in vivo activity of BMY-28142 was nearly comparable to that of ceftazidime. The blood levels and urinary excretion rates of BMY-28142 in mice were similar to those of ceftazidime.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Comprehensive approach to the clinical study of the administration of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHA-S) during the induction of labor].

Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate (DHA-S) administration during the induction of labor were analysed comprehensively in 116 cases of primipara without any complications. In all of the patients delivery was induced by means of intravenous drip infusion of oxytocin. DHA-S was given as follows; Group A: no administration of DHA-S, Group B: intravenous drip infusion of 600 mg of DHA-S, Group C: intravenous injection of 200 mg of DHA-S every two hours (max, five times). The duration of the first and second stages of labor was reduced significantly in Group C compared to that of Group A (p less than 0.02). Serum DHA-S and estradiol levels in the patients in Groups B and C were significantly higher than those in Group A during the induction of the labor (p less than 0.05-0.005). The secretion of maternal milk was suppressed transiently by the administration of DHA-S (p less than 0.05-0.005), and there was a significant negative correlation between the total amount of maternal milk secretion and the total dose of DHA-S (r = -0.6320, p less than 0.005). Maternal serum prolactin levels did not change significantly following the administration of DHA-S, but estradiol increased significantly following the administration of DHA-S until 48 hours after delivery. These facts suggested that the intravenous injection of 200mg of DHA-S every two hours was effective in assisting the induction of labor, and the transient suppression of maternal milk secretion due to the administration of DHA-S might be caused by the high level of maternal serum estradiol which was converted from DHA-S in the placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[An unresectable case of hepatoma completely disappearing after oral administration of an anticancer drug (UFT)].

A 78-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of hypochondralgia. Since he was diagnosed as having advanced and unresectable hepatoma. UFT was administered as an oral chemotherapy, resulting in reduction of the liver tumor, and a decrease in AFP (ng/ml) from 1,200 to 18. Twenty-six months have already passed since the tumor was detected and 21 months since the start of UFT administration. The patient is still enjoying a good general condition and is presently under follow-up at our out-patient clinic. By the standard for the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy proposed by Koyama and Saito, this case corresponds to the state of complete response. This case suggested the clinical usefulness of UFT as an oral chemotherapy for advanced hepatoma.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of aclarubicin and its metabolites in humans and their disposition in blood cells.

The pharmacokinetics of aclarubicin, a new anthracycline antibiotic, was studied in five patients with acute leukemia or in L1210 cell suspension. Aclarubicin disappeared very rapidly from plasma and whole blood after administration at a dose of 20 mg per patient by iv bolus injection. The concentration of active metabolite M1, on the other hand, increased for up to 2 or 4 hrs after administration and exceeded that of aclarubicin, and then remained at much higher concentrations than aclarubicin for up to 24 hrs after administration. In addition, the levels of aclarubicin and its metabolites in whole blood were much higher than the corresponding plasma levels in four of the patients. The drug concentrations in blood cells of 11 patients determined 4 hrs after administration showed a significant positive correlation with leukocyte counts. Moreover, the concentration of aclarubicin and its metabolites was found to be much higher in the leukocyte fraction than in the erythrocyte fraction in vivo and in vitro. These findings indicate that aclarubicin and its metabolites in blood cells were mainly accumulated in leukocytes. In the study of intracellular drug distribution in L1210 cells, the largest amount of aclarubicin was incorporated into the nuclear fraction. This suggests a close relationship between the pronounced drug accumulation in leukocytes and the high affinity of aclarubicin for DNA.

Aclarubicin↗