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Biomedical subjects

S Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to S Andersen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Spinal anaesthesia with 0.75% bupivacaine and 0.5% amethocaine in 5% glucose.

Three millititre of 0.75% plain bupivacaine and 0.5% amethocaine 3 ml in 5% glucose were used for spinal anaesthesia and compared in a double-blind study of 20 patients undergoing urological surgery. The onset time to maximum cephalad spread of sensory analgesia was approximately 45 min for bupivacaine and approximately 30 min in the amethocaine group (ns). The mean maximum spread of sensory analgesia was similar for both agents: T6-7 180 min after injection, although the cephalad spread of sensory analgesia with bupivacaine persisted for longer at a significantly higher level than that of amethocaine. Duration of sensory analgesia was significantly longer in the bupivacaine group from S3 to S5 and from T12 to L2 levels. Onset time to complete motor blockade of the lower limbs was similar for both agents. Nine of 10 bupivacaine patients and seven of the 10 patients receiving amethocaine had complete motor blockade of the lower limbs. Duration of motor blockade was significantly longer for all degrees in the bupivacaine group.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Methylprednisolone half-life during simultaneous barbiturate treatment and mechanical hyperventilation of neurosurgical patients.

The pharmacokinetics of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) were studied in six neurosurgical patients under intensive treatment with large doses of MP, barbiturates, and mechanical hyperventilation. The study showed a remarkable level of enzyme induction within 24 hours after starting treatment, when the first blood samples were taken. The half-life (t 1/2) for MP during barbiturate and hyperventilation therapy was found to be reduced by a mean 55% (p less than 0.01) in relation to the t 1/2 of MP when administered alone. Studies on the day after termination of barbiturate intake indicated a tendency for an increase in the t 1/2 of MP, but it was not significantly different from the pretermination assessment (p greater than 0.05). On the basis of this study it is not possible to determine if the change in t 1/2 alone is governed by enzyme induction or by a combination of this plus a change in the distribution and clearance of the steroid. The clinical implication of these findings is that patients who are undergoing steroid treatment and at the same time are sedated with barbiturates should have their MP dose increased in order to compensate for the marked reduction of t 1/2 of MP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Not Available].

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Denmark↗
PubMed1982

Prognosis curves for patients with polycystic kidney disease.

In patients with polycystic kidney disease and in many patients with other chronic renal diseases kidney function decreases from year to year. When the increase in serum creatinine concentration is followed graphically, the time for dialysis/transplantation can be predicted long beforehand. Based on the course of azotaemia in 34 patients with polycystic disease prognosis curves have been prepared. By comparing the course of a patient with the average course of similar patients, additional information can be gained. A statistical method for making a prognosis curve for kidney function in end-stage polycystic renal disease is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of dietary protein content upon growth in a genetically heterogeneous population of mice.

The effect of different dietary protein contents (19.3%, 14.9%, 11.0% and 5.7%) on weight gain was investigated in a genetically heterogeneous population of mice. Significant difference in weight gain was found only in the early growth period and was due mainly to the reduced weight gain of mice fed the diet with the lowest protein content. Feeding the mice low protein diets during the growth period did not affect reproductive performance.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Dose response studies in elderly patients subjected to epidural analgesia.

In 51 men, aged 60-87 years, subjected to lumbar epidural analgesia for transurethral resection of the prostate gland, the relationship between doses of 10, 15 and 20 ml mepivacaine 1.5 with adrenaline 1:200,000 and the extension of analgesia was studied. Three different postures during application of epidural analgesia were investigated (left lateral position, sitting position with the patient turned supine immediately after injection, and the sitting position with the patient turned supine 5 min after injection. The results indicate that posture did not significantly influence the extension of analgesia, which was found to be positively correlated to the volume of mepivacaine, and the segmental dose requirement was positively correlated to the volume injected. It is concluded that transurethral resection of the prostate gland in patients over 60 years old can be performed using mepivacaine 1.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000 injected in the lumbar epidural space. In some cases, doses of 15 and 20 ml provoked an unwanted extension of analgesia, reaching the upper thoracic segments.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Albumin reserve for binding of bilirubin in maternal and cord serum under treatment with sulphasalazine.

Twelve pregnant patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease who were being treated with sulphasalazine (SASP) were studied together with their newborn, full-term babies. An earlier study had shown almost identical concentrations of SASP and its metabolic sulphapyridine (SP) in maternal and cord serum. As controls, blood samples were collected from 25 healthy women and their newborn infants. Sera from mothers and infants were analysed for the vacant amount of high-affinity bilirubin binding site on albumin (reserve albumin) by the MADDS method. The mean reserve albumin concentration of the SASP-treated mothers was 9% lower than that of the controls, which is probably insignificant. No difference was observed in the corresponding two groups of infants. In vitro studies showed that neither SASP nor SP in therapeutic plasma concentrations had a significant bilirubin-displacing capacity. It seems that SASP preferentially is bound to other sites on albumin than to the high-affinity binding site for bilirubin. The risk of kernicterus in the full-term newborn does not seem to be increased by treatment of the mother with sulphasalazine.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Experimental Ascaris suum infection in pigs. Serological response, eosinophilia in peripheral blood, occurrence of white spots in the liver and worm recovery from the intestine.

Experimental oral inoculation of pigs with infective A. suum eggs resulted in eosinophilia in the peripheral blood and a serum antibody response. When pigs were inoculated at 3 days of age the antibody response was depressed which is suggested to be due either to a protective effect of colostral antibodies or to an immunologic incompetence of the young pigs. Despite the use of isolated pens and strict hygienic measures it was difficult to obtain an Ascaris free environment for the experimental animals. The pathogenesis of white spots in the liver is assumed to represent an immune reaction by the host. Multiple white spots were demonstrated when pigs were inoculated with several egg doses provided the livers were examined 1--3 weeks after last inoculation. The rapid healing of white spots implies that the finding of many white spots in the liver at slaughter indicate a recent uptake of infective A. suum eggs. The finding of low intestinal worm burdens in the experimental pigs after repeated oral inoculations indicates a specific, acquired resistance. Resistance to A. suum in pigs is suggested to involve co-operation of the humoral and the cell mediated immune system and the parasite is eliminated both during migration by white spot formation in the liver and during the early prepatent period by expulsion from the gut.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The epidemiology of primary osteoarthrosis of the knee in Greenland.

Two hundred ninety-five Greenlanders, 5% of the population of Greenland, aged 40 years or more, were investigated regarding primary osteoarthrosis of the knee. The pathological changes were categorized as mild, intermediate, or severe. Eighty-six (29%) of the patients were found to have osteoarthrosis and the mild form accounted for 72% of these, while only one individual was found to have severe osteoarthrosis. Significantly more individuals from the West coast of Greenland (a mixed Eskimo-European population) than individuals from the East coast (genuine Eskimos) were found to have osteoarthrosis of the knee (38% and 18%, respectively). An investigation of the sex distribution revealed more soteoarthrosi among West coast women than among East coast women (P less than 0.05), whereas no such differences were found among the men. It was speculated that the difference between the rates of osteoarthrosis of the knee in the two population groups might reflect differences in occupation and possibly also a genetic predisposition.

Age Factors↗