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S Allard

Publications and source records attributed to S Allard.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Sequence and expression of endogenous S-locus glycoprotein genes in self-compatible Brassica napus.

Brassica napus is an amphidiploid plant which is self-compatible even though it is derived from hybridisation of the self-incompatible species B. oleracea and B. campestris. Experiments were undertaken to establish if S-locus glycoprotein (SLG) genes exist in B. napus and whether these are expressed as in self-incompatible Brassica species. Two different stigma-specific cDNA sequences homologous to SLG genes were obtained from the B. napus cultivar Westar. One of these sequences, SLGWS1, displayed highest homology to class I SLG alleles, whereas the other, SLGWS2, showed greatest homology to class II SLG genes. Both were expressed at high levels in Westar stigmas following a developmental pattern typical of SLG genes in the self-incompatible diploids. We infer that they represent the endogenous SLG genes at the two homologous S-loci. The occurrence of normally expressed SLG genes and its relevance to the self-compatible phenotype of B. napus is discussed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1994

Molecular characterization of two Brassica napus genes related to oleosins which are highly expressed in the tapetum.

Two highly homologous Brassica napus flower cDNA clones, Sta 41-2 and Sta 41-9, were isolated and characterized. These clones were shown to correspond to genes expressed in the tapetum from the early uninucleate microspore stage to the dinucleate stage. The predicted Sta 41-2 and Sta 41-9 proteins possessed characteristics similar to oleosins such as a polar N-terminal domain, a large relatively conserved hydrophobic domain and a long C-terminal domain which consisted of four different groups of repeats. In addition, like oleosins, the Sta 41-2 and Sta 41-9 proteins have a basic pI, lack a signal peptide and are found in a tissue which accumulates lipids in small lipid bodies.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Cimetidine-induced myelosuppression after bone marrow transplantation.

A strong temporal correlation was observed between cessation of cimetidine and a sustained increase in blood counts in two marrow transplant recipients. Both were receiving cimetidine from the day of transplantation for prophylaxis of stress ulceration and gastritis. The blood counts of both patients were not increasing satisfactorily 5-6 weeks after marrow transplantation without any obvious cause of marrow suppression. A similar observation has been made with the use of ranitidine after marrow transplantation suggesting that histamine H2-receptor antagonists should be used very cautiously, if at all, in the setting of bone marrow transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Endoscopic treatment of an oral cephalocele. Case report.

This report describes an unusual cephalocele originating in the temporobasal region and protruding through the sphenopetral area into the oral cavity. A rapid and nonaggressive endoscopic procedure was performed. The relationship between this type of cephalocele, spontaneous anteroinferior temporal encephaloceles, and nasopharyngeal brain heterotopia is discussed.

Cranial Sutures↗
PubMed1993

Specific induction of a functional endogenous D2 short dopamine receptor in GH4C1 cells.

In contrast to lactotrophs, tumoral pituitary cells like GH3 and GH4C1 lack expression of dopamine D2short and D2long receptors. In GH4C1 cells, we observed that the expression of only the short isoform of D2 receptor can be induced after transfection with a plasmid which confers resistance to neomycin (pRSVNeo). High levels of fully functional D2short receptor were obtained in GH4C1 following transfection (528fmol/mg protein). Sequence, pharmacology and coupling of the induced-D2 receptor do not show any difference with the cloned rat D2 short receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of a polygalacturonase gene highly expressed in Brassica napus pollen.

A cDNA clone, Sta 44-4, corresponding to a mRNA highly expressed in Brassica napus cv. Westar stamens, was isolated by differential screening and characterized. Northern blot and in situ analyses demonstrated that Sta 44-4 is synthesized in pollen beginning at the late uninucleate stage and reaches a maximum in trinucleate microspores. Sta 44-4 displayed significant sequence similarity to known pollen polygalacturonase genes. The B. napus pollen polygalacturonase gene was shown to be part of a small gene family and to display some polymorphism among different cultivars.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Intravenous ciprofloxacin disposition in obesity.

The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin and its metabolite 1 (desethyleneciprofloxacin) were studied in 17 obese men (mean age, 29.2 +/- 7.5 years; mean weight, 110.7 +/- 20.2 kg; mean body mass index, 36.4 +/- 3.9 kg/m2) and 11 control subjects (men of normal weight; mean age, 25.0 +/- 5.1 years; mean weight, 71.8 +/- 9.9 kg; mean body mass index, 23.3 +/- 2.4 kg/m2). Each subject received a single 400 mg intravenous dose of ciprofloxacin infused over 1 hour. Ciprofloxacin total clearance was significantly increased in obese subjects compared with control subjects (897.44 +/- 159.57 versus 744.44 +/- 120.51 ml/min, respectively; p < 0.05). Ciprofloxacin renal clearance in obese subjects (637.58 +/- 128.89 ml/min) was 29% higher than in control subjects (495.47 +/- 137.85 ml/min; p < 0.05). The elimination half-life values of ciprofloxacin and desethyleneciprofloxacin were not statistically different between groups. Ciprofloxacin steady-state volume of distribution (Vss) was significantly larger in obese group (269.17 +/- 51.64 versus 219.03 +/- 35.80 L; p < 0.01) compared with the control group, and when it was normalized by total body weight, obese subjects exhibited lower Vss/kg than control subjects (2.46 +/- 0.42 versus 3.06 +/- 0.31 L/kg; p < 0.001). These findings indicate that ciprofloxacin is distributed less to adipose tissue than to other tissues, but partial distribution to adipose tissue does occur. To normalize the volume of distribution of obese subjects to that of normal weight subjects, 45% of excess weight (total body weight minus ideal body weight) must be added to the ideal body weights of obese subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Helping Russia.

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Health Services↗
PubMed1992

Detection of cytokines at the cartilage/pannus junction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for the role of cytokines in cartilage destruction and repair.

Cytokine release at the cartilage/pannus junction (CPJ) may be involved in cartilage destruction and tissue repair in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Tissue samples of CPJ from 12 RA patients were examined for the presence of cytokines using immunohistochemical techniques with immunoaffinity purified F(ab')2 antibodies raised against recombinant human cytokines. Twenty-four areas of distinct CPJ at which a discrete junction between cartilage and overlying pannus exists were observed. In all specimens, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 alpha. IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 were detected in cells in pannus particularly along the surface of cartilage and at the site of cartilage erosion. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that most cytokine containing cells also labelled with a macrophage marker (CD68). About 50% of blood vessel endothelial cells stained for GM-CSF. Twelve areas of diffuse fibroblastic CPJ, at which an indistinct margin is seen between cartilage and pannus were examined. At this site, TGF-beta 1 was the only cytokine detected in fibroblast-like cells. None of these cytokines were detected in synovial tissue at the normal synovium/cartilage junction. Chondrocytes from all 11 normal specimens as well as those from RA patients stained for IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, IL-6, GM-CSF and TGF-beta 1, especially those close to subchondral bone. However, IL-1 beta, interferon-gamma and lymphotoxin were not detected in either the normal synovium/cartilage junction or rheumatoid CPJ.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparative study of pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin.

We compared the pharmacokinetics and the serum bactericidal activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. Fifteen healthy volunteers received 1 g of cefpirome, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone intravenously, 500 mg of imipenem-cilastatin intravenously, and 500 mg of ciprofloxacin orally. High-performance liquid chromatographic assays were used to quantitate unchanged antibiotic in plasma and urine. Serum bactericidal activities were determined against six clinical isolates each of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by using a modified microdilution method of Reller and Stratton (L. B. Reller and C. W. Stratton, J. Infect. Dis. 136:196-204, 1977). Overall, cefpirome exhibited pharmacokinetics similar to those of ceftazidime: half-life (t1/2), 1.95 h; concentration at 1 h (C1h), 47 to 49 micrograms/ml for both antibiotics. Ceftriaxone displayed the longest t1/2 (7.65 h) and the highest C1h (137.8 micrograms/ml), while we observed the shortest t1/2 (1.05 h) and the lowest C1h (19.85 micrograms/ml) with imipenem. At 1 h, cefpirome and, even more so, imipenem showed significantly better serum bactericidal activities against S. aureus (1:273 and 1:80) than did the other antibiotics (P less than 0.0005; analysis of variance with randomized block design and Bonferroni correction). Against E. cloacae, we observed the highest serum bactericidal titers at 1 h with cefpirome, and this superiority vis-à-vis the other antibiotics tested was maintained for up to 8 h after dosing. Ceftazidime remained the most active agent tested against P. aeruginosa (serum bactericidal activity titers, 1:43 at 1 h) up to 8 h. In summary, the study showed that cefpirome and imipenem provide more potent serum bactericidal activities than do broad-spectrum cephalosporins against S. aureus; thus, both of these antibiotics should be adequate against serious S. aureus infections. In addition, cefpirome appears to be a promising alternative for treatment of infections caused by E. cloacae and P. aeruginosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Salmonella osteomyelitis in aplastic anaemia after antilymphocytic globulin and steroid treatment.

A 22 year-old patient with severe aplastic anaemia responded to antilymphocytic globulin but developed recurrent fever despite treatment with steroids and then antibacterial, antifungal, and antituberculous drugs. There was progression, with severe joint pains and immobility associated with radiological evidence of a symmetrical destructive process. A bone marrow specimen showed no evidence of malignancy, and cultures of blood, urine, and stool were negative but enriched broth cultures of an open biopsy specimen of the humeral head grew Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4. Treatment with ciprofloxacin resulted in considerable symptomatic improvement: a total of 12 months of treatment is planned. Salmonella osteomyelitis, particularly with this unusual pattern of disease, has not previously been described in aplastic anaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Heart-skin syndrome and cardiac myxoma: presentation of a case and clinical experience of 17 years].

Between 1971 and 1988, cardiac myxoma was identified in 13 (0.003%) of 4000 patients who underwent open-heart surgery at the hôpital du Sacré-Coeur in Montreal. One patient with multiple right atrial tumours also had abnormal cutaneous pigmentation compatible with the recently identified syndrome of "Carney's complex." This syndrome has also been associated with endocrine abnormalities such as primary nodular adrenal hyperplasia, with or without Cushing's syndrome. The authors review the literature and compare the findings with their experience in the surgical treatment of cardiac myxomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 in rheumatoid synovial membrane and cartilage/pannus junction.

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta has been shown to promote tissue repair and have immunosuppressive actions, and has been proposed to have a role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Using immunohistochemical techniques with rabbit F(ab')2 antibodies raised against recombinant human TGF-beta 1, we have detected TGF-beta 1 in the synovial tissue and cartilage/pannus junction (CPJ) from 18/18 patients with RA. TGF-beta 1 was found predominantly in the thickened synovial lining layer in RA, but also detected in a perivascular pattern in the synovial interstitium as well as in occasional cells in the lymphoid aggregates. At the CPJ it was found both in cells at the distinct junction as well as in the transitional region of the diffuse fibroblastic zone. The cells staining for TGF-beta 1 were identified by double immunofluorescence staining as being from the monocyte/macrophage series as well as the type B synovial lining cells. TGF-beta 1 was also detected in the synovial membrane sections from 4/4 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus/mixed connective tissue disease and 5/8 patients with osteoarthritis, in a similar distribution to that seen in RA, and in the lining layer of 1/7 normal synovial membranes. These results add to histological evidence confirming that TGF-beta 1 is present in RA synovial cells and those from other arthritides. The distributions of TGF-beta 1 in RA synovial membrane reflects its known actions, as it can be detected at the CPJ, where it could induce repair, and close to activated cells upon which it may exert an immunosuppressive action.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Increased expression of HLA-DQ antigens by interstitial cells and endothelium in the synovial membrane of rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with reactive arthritis patients.

We investigated cellular phenotypes and expression of class II major histocompatibility complex antigens on endothelium and cellular infiltrates in synovium from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or reactive arthritis, using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The RA specimens showed synovial lining layer hypertrophy and several focal accumulations of lymphocytes, both of which were absent in the reactive arthritis synovium. The percentage of cells expressing monocyte/macrophage markers was significantly higher in RA specimens. The percentages of cells expressing B and T cell markers were similar in both diseases. There was no significant difference in the expression of HLA-DR or DP by endothelium in the 2 diseases, but a marked increase in expression of HLA-DQ by endothelium was observed in the RA synovium versus that from patients with reactive arthritis. This overexpression of HLA-DQ was also seen in the interstitial cells of RA patients compared with reactive arthritis patients. In the reactive arthritis synovium, a significant population of cells (30%) was noted to be HLA-DR positive, and negative for macrophage and lymphocyte markers. Some of these cells had a dendritic morphology. The coexpression of HLA-DQ and HLA-DR may play an important role in antigen presentation and disease chronicity in RA.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clinical, functional and pathological correspondence in early stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence for small airway obstruction 1-2.

We describe the clinical, physiological and pathological features of 23 subjects with early stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thirteen subjects who had no symptoms had been fortuitously recruited by a routine chest radiograph, whereas the 10 other subjects complained of dyspnea. Twenty-one subjects showed only light to moderate extent of abnormalities on the chest radiograph. Fourteen subjects had a reduced vital capacity whereas 16 and 17 showed a reduced pulmonary compliance and an increase in lung elastic recoil, respectively. Transfer factor was significantly reduced in 18 subjects. Evidence for significant airway obstruction, mainly located at the peripheral level, was demonstrated by a reduced specific lung conductance and upstream conductance in 13 subjects. Airway obstruction was not associated with smoking habits. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was noted in 50% of the 18 subjects studied. Although fibrosis was mild to moderate in 15 instances, it was only focal, i.e. at least one zone of normal parenchyma in the lung specimen in 17 subjects. Peribronchial fibrosis was established in 8/11 satisfactory biopsy specimens. Significant correlations were observed between rales, the radiological score, some functional indices and the characteristics of fibrosis. We conclude that small airway obstruction documented by physiological and pathological means is frequent in early stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Comparative study of the effects of metoclopramide and metopimazine on the duodenojejunal motility during the interdigestive period: a manometric study in healthy subjects].

The objective of this paper was to compare the effects of metoclopramide (MTC) and of metopimazine (MTP) on intestinal motility in normal subjects in the period between digestion by injecting these two agents at a well-defined time of the migrating motor complex (MMC). Duodenojejunal motility was recorded by manometry (four microperfused catheters; study segment: 30 cm) during the period between phases of digestion (fasting greater than 12 hrs), for 4.6 hrs on average (3, 4, 6 hrs). 14 normal volunteer subjects (6 males, and 8 females 19 to 49 years of age) were randomly assigned to 2 study groups and were given MTC (10 mg) or MTP (10 mg) in slow IV injection (5 mins.) at a controlled rate, performed 25 mins after onset of a phase 3 (P3) in the study segment. As a reference, results obtained in a control group of seven subjects recorded under the same conditions are reported, in addition. Changes in MMC were evaluated in each group by the mean number of P3 hourly and the percent of subjects presenting a P3 within the two hours following injection of the test drug. Variations in phase 2 type motility (P2) were measured using motility indices (MI): the sum of the amplitudes, number of waves, per 5 minute interval. The number of hourly P3 was 0.40 for MTC vs 0.28 for MTP (control 0.47); 90 minutes after an injection, the first P3 appeared in 71% of patients in the MTC groups vs. 14% in the MTP group (control 57%). P3 recorded following injection were not different from the preceding in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗