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Biomedical subjects

S Albanese

Publications and source records attributed to S Albanese.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A mathematical model of the fetal cardiovascular system based on genetic algorithms as identification technique.

The development of fetal cardiac surgery, considered the ultimate goal in the treatment of congenital cardiac malformations, needs to be supported by detailed knowledge of the blood circulation in the fetal cardiovascular system. The hemodynamic behavior in distal territories is usually inferred from vessel resistance indices, which give limited physiological information. This study presents a mathematical model of the human fetal global cardiovascular system, developed to clarify the relationships and differences existing between upper and lower body circulation. We modelled the heart with two time-varying capacitances, each representing the respective ventricle's pressure-volume relationship. The fetal vascular system was represented using two six-element Windkessel models, for the upper and lower body respectively. We obtained the identification of the set of circuital and elastance function parameters of the model using Genetic Algorithms (GAs), which follow the laws of evolutionary theory. We compared the results of our numerical study on the model identified with data collected from measurements and literature, to validate the proposed global cardiovascular system model of the human fetus. This model is intended as an instrument to investigate the differences in blood distribution between the different vascular districts in the upper and lower fetal body and the role of the aortic isthmus, the small tract of vessel connecting upper and lower fetal vascular beds; it may also represent a useful tool in the assessment of dynamic balance during mechanical assistance of circulation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

Unusual form of recurrent giant cell granuloma of the mandible and lower extremities in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1.

We report on a girl with familial neurofibromatosis type 1 (Nf1) who at age 11 had multiple osteolytic lesions of the right mandible and the distal femoral and proximal tibial metaphyses bilaterally. No other skeletal component was affected, and no abnormalities were present on skeletal radiographs of her parents. Histologic examination of the mandibular and right femoral lesions revealed a "multinucleated giant cell process." Results of repeated routine laboratory and bone metabolic studies were within normal limits. The lack of reliable histologic criteria and the diagnostic problems in distinguishing among central giant cell granulomata, giant cell tumors of the jaw, cherubism, brown tumors resulting from (occult) hyperparathyroidism, Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome, McCune-Albright syndrome, Noonan-like/multiple giant cell lesion syndrome, and multiple nonossifying fibromas of bone are discussed.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1997

[The surgical treatment of a rare primary cardiac tumor: hemangioma. A report of 2 cases].

Primary benign tumors of the heart are particularly rare; cardiac hemangioma is one of the most rare primary benign cardiac tumors. Natural history, symptoms and prognosis of the disease depend on the potential complications due to the location and diffusion of the mass. We report on 2 cases of cardiac hemangioma, diagnosed occasionally in the first patient or due to gastroenteric symptoms in the second patient. The diagnosis was obtained by 2-D-echo and magnetic resonance imaging. In both cases the hemangioma was located on the right ventricle. Both patients underwent tumor resection in hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. In one case, a graft to the right coronary artery was associated; in the other case, the right ventricular outflow tract was reconstructed with an infundibular patch. Histology showed mixed hemangioma in one case and cavernous hemangioma in the other. The postoperative course was uneventful. At a follow-up of 8 years and 1 year, respectively, both patients are classified as NYHA 1 and both 2-D-echo and magnetic resonance imaging did not show any residual tumoral mass. This experience demonstrates that, depending on their location, benign neoplastic masses may be radically resected with acceptable operatory risks and excellent long-term results.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Brucella endocarditis: role of drug treatment associated with surgery].

Brucella infective endocarditis is an uncommon, but serious complication of brucellosis. The aortic valve is the most commonly affected cardiac valve, and a fearful complication is the formation of aortic root abscess. Due to the characteristics of the infection, medical therapy alone is not sufficient in treating the disease and best results are achieved in combination with surgery. We describe 2 cases of brucella endocarditis involving the aortic valve. Aggressive treatment, with surgery performed during a period of active infection, produced good results in eradication of infection and in preventing fatal complications such as rupture of aortic root abscesses.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

Importance of reperfusion on thromboxane A2 metabolite excretion after thrombolysis.

Fibrinolytic therapy is a major advance in the treatment of coronary artery disease. A marked elevation in plasma and urinary metabolites of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) after administration of thrombolytic therapy has been observed and has been related to a direct effect of thrombolytic drugs on platelets. To test this hypothesis we evaluated the 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11-d-TXB2) level, as an index of platelet activation, in 20 healthy subjects and in 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Patients with infarction received streptokinase (n = 8), recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) (n = 8), or thrombolytic therapy preceded by acetylsalicylic acid (n = 7) or were treated without thrombolytic therapy (n = 7). The urinary 11-d-TXB2 level in healthy control subjects was 327 +/- 126 pg/mg creatinine. A significant increase was observed in patients with AMI with no difference between those who received no thrombolytic therapy (673 +/- 283 pg/mg creatinine in the first 12 hours) and those who received streptokinase (833 +/- 613 pg/mg creatinine) or rt-PA (836 +/- 653 pg/mg creatinine). Patients pretreated with acetylsalicylic acid had urinary 11-d-TXB2 values ranging between 361 and 155 pg/mg creatinine. A significant difference in 11-d-TXB2 values was observed only when patients who were reperfused were separated from those who remained occluded according to angiographic criteria (1085 +/- 498 vs 391 +/- 227 pg/mg creatinine in the first 12 hours, p less than 0.001). We conclude that reperfusion and not thrombolytic agents per se appears to be the factor that induces platelet activation and consequently facilitates reocclusion.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1989

[Dysfunction of the stomatognathic system: nosological classification].

To identify subtypes of functional disorders of stomatognathic system is a valid aid in order to render an appropriate treatment plan and prognosis. A classification of neuromuscular disorders and internal derangements of TMJ proposed by Evaersole is reviewed. The data obtained on a sample of patients with disfunction are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Congenital cysts of the larynx].

Based on our own observation of one case of congenital laryngeal cyst of the newborn and a review of 48 cases presented in literature, this congenital anomaly is described. The clinical picture is demonstrated and the genesis of these cysts is discussed.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of the use of removable partial dentures (RPD) on the integrity of dento-periodontal structures. Review of the literature].

In several clinical studies on removable partial dentures (RPDS), great attention was paid to the occurrence of reactions in periodontal tissue. In this article on causes of periodontal breakdown related to RPDS, the three main factors discussed were: 1) plaque and oral hygiene 2) coverage of the marginal gingival by parts of an RPD 3) occlusal forces that are transmitted to the remaining teeth and their periodontal tissues by the prosthesis.

Bite Force↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mandibular rest position: relation to the rest vertical dimension].

The concept of the mandibular rest position and the clinical significance of the mandibular resting posture with respect to dental treatment are discussed. The controversy regarding the belief that mandibular resting posture is constant and inviolate is considered on the basis of clinical observations and scientific investigations.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Saliva: an important factor in retention of complete dentures].

The saliva plays a profound role in a removable prosthodontic treatment in edentulous patients. Indeed the presence of a thin salivary film is essential to the comfort of the mucosa. The saliva also plays pivotal role for the stomatitis of prothesic etiology, found in significant numbers of complete and partial denture wearers. Additionally, saliva in cause in calcolus deposition and in anomalous hue of removable denture.

Denture Retention↗