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Biomedical subjects

S Akerman

Publications and source records attributed to S Akerman.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Intra-articular and skin surface temperature of human temporomandibular joint.

Ten subjects, five women and five men, without symptoms or signs of disorder in the stomatognathic system were examined for intra-articular and skin surface temperature of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The temperature measurements were made with thermocouples at three depths within the joint (10, 15, 20 mm) and at five locations on the skin surface over the joint. The intra-articular mean temperature was 36.0 degrees C at 10 mm, 36.1 degrees at 15 and 36.3 degrees at 20 mm. The average difference in intra-articular temperature between the right and left sides was 0.2 degrees C. The intra-articular temperature was not correlated to room temperature. The average skin surface temperature over the center of the condyle was 35.1 degrees C and the difference between skin surface temperature over the condyle and intra-articular temperature at 20 mm was 1.2 degrees C. The average difference between the right and left sides for skin surface temperature was 0.3 degrees C. The intra-articular temperature showed a negative correlation to the skin surface temperature (r = -0.54). The results of this study show that the intra-articular temperature range of the TMJ is rather narrow, about 1.2 degrees C (35.7-36.9 degrees C) and that the difference between sides is less than 0.6 degrees C.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Morphologic, radiologic and thermometric assessment of degenerative and inflammatory temporomandibular joint disease. An autopsy and clinical study.

TMJ autopsy specimens were examined with tomography. The joint surfaces were examined for structural changes. The radiologic methods was evaluated for ability of detecting these changes. A microscopic examination was performed concerning form and position of the disc, and histological features of radiologic cysts, erosion and sclerosis. Symptom-free individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined thermometrically. The patients were also examined radiologically. The sensitivity of tomography increased with severity and extent of the structural changes and was higher for changes localized to the condyle than the temporal component. In areas with radiologic cyst, erosion and sclerosis there were macroscopic lesions in the condyle, while the temporal component more often was intact. Macroscopic structural changes were correlated between right and left TM joints. Anterior disc position was associated with perforation of the posterior attachment of the disc. Severity of radiologic changes in individuals with RA is correlated to duration and severity of subjective symptoms and clinical signs from the joint. The intra-articular temperature range in RA patients is greater than in symptom-free individuals. Pain and tenderness of the TMJ and masticatory muscles are thereby associated with hypothermia of the TMJ.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Histological changes in temporomandibular joints from elderly individuals. An autopsy study.

Our aim was to study microscopically the disc position and structural tissue changes such as disc perforation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). An autopsy material comprising the right and left TMJ from 21 individuals with a mean age of 75 years was studied. Anterior disc position was found in 11 joints from 8 individuals. Discs in anterior position were most often of even thickness or convex, whereas most discs in normal position were concave. Perforation was found in the central dense part of the disc in one joint and in the posterior disc attachment of five joints. The latter five discs were in anterior position. Of the five joints with anterior disc position and perforation of the posterior attachment, four joints showed marked structural changes also in the condyle and temporal component. Such changes were found only in one of six joints with anterior disc position but without perforation. No signs of cellular inflammation were observed in any of the joints. Fibrous ankylosis was found in four joints from three individuals. Joints with anterior disc position comprised more than one fourth of the examined joints. In some of these joints there were no structural changes; in other of these joints disc perforation was combined with convex disc form and marked structural changes of the condyle and temporal component.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Tomography as an aid to detect macroscopic changes of the temporomandibular joint. An autopsy study of the aged.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of detecting macroscopic changes of the temporomandibular joint with the aid of tomographic examination. Forty-four autopsy specimens were examined with corrected sagittal and frontal tomography. The tomograms were evaluated without comparative assessment of the macroscopic appearance. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated. Diagnostic accuracy depends on the severity, extent, and localization of the macroscopic changes. All joints with severe and extensive macroscopic changes were identified on tomograms; two thirds of the joints with moderate changes were correctly diagnosed. Macroscopic changes of the condyle were more frequently detected than those of the temporal component. The specificity for single areas of the joints was higher than the sensitivity--that is, normal areas were more easily assessed than areas with changes.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Effect of dental amalgam restorations on the mercury content of nerve tissues.

In an autopsy study in two men and an experimental study performed on three female beagles the mercury burden of nerve tissues was determined. Nerve tissues from the head and face region and from three peripheral nerves were analyzed for mercury content with the aid of atomic absorption spectroscopy. In the dogs dental amalgam restorations were placed so as to investigate the possible influence from the amalgam on the mercury content of the tissues under study. The mercury content in man and dogs differed widely from one nerve to another, with no apparent relation to the number, type, or location of tooth restorations.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Bilateral degenerative changes and deviation in form of temporomandibular joints. An autopsy study of elderly individuals.

The right and left temporomandibular joints were removed as blocks from the skulls of 22 individuals in the 60-89-year-old age group at autopsy. The skulls were examined to determine the number and position of teeth and dentures. The articular surfaces of the joints were examined macroscopically for topographical distribution and degree of degenerative changes and topographical distribution of deviation in form. Indices of degenerative changes and of deviation in form were proposed. Correlations were found between the right and left joints with respect to both indices for degenerative changes and deviation in form. The indices were also correlated with each other within the same joint. A sex difference was found for degenerative changes and deviation in form, with the most advanced changes in the joints of women. It was concluded that degenerative changes and deviation in form in this age group were correlated between right and left joints and within the same joint.

Aged↗