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Biomedical subjects

S Aikawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Aikawa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[An attempt of applying the image processing for the automatic estimation of sampled airborne pollen].

Development of techniques to rapidly and easily estimate an airborne pollen quantity is necessitated in order to make out a appropriate prescription for an allergy patient from medical clinical viewpoints, and in order to research a movement of allergen from medical basic viewpoint. The measurement of airborne pollen quantity required a large labour and time, because the amount of pollen grains is visually measured by naked eye. This paper, as a first step to estimate an airborne pollen quantity full-automatically, discuss techniques to measure the quantity of sampled airborne cedar pollen automatically and rapidly using the image processing techniques. As a result, the following facts are cleared. Automatic measurement is possible to some degree without any special image processing. It is important to eliminate a noise on image as blurs on basefilm for high accuracy measurement. The precision has improved fairly with level correction for image. Sharpening filter is the most appropriate process to improve the accuracy of automatic measurement of sampled airborne pollen. This filtering process has a merit that the operativeness is easy.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1993

Analgesia induced by manual acupuncture: its potency and implication.

In urethan-anesthetized rats, unitary discharges of wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons were extracellularly recorded from the lumber cord. Repetitive electrical shocks were delivered through needle electrodes in the receptive field with sufficient strength to activate C fibers. The number of evoked discharges was compared before and after application of manual acupuncture to the LI 4 Hegu [symbol: see text] or ST 36 Zusanli [symbol: see text] for 30 seconds. The effects of acupuncture were followed up to 5 minutes after removal of the acupuncture needle. Two different analgesic effects were observed: acupuncture to the LI 4 Hegu resulted in long-lasting inhibition following insertion of the needles and stimulation of the ST36 Zusanli produced short-term and long-lasting inhibition similar to that seen in acupuncture to the LI 4 Hegu.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1993

[Measurement of pain threshold and tolerance threshold using radiant heat stimulation.--Regional difference, sex difference, expression of sensation].

In 1940, Hardy had developed a method of radiant heat stimulation and succeeded to determine pain threshold quantitatively. An algometer NYT-55 was developed according to his principle by Nakahama and Yamamoto, which was a further developed version of Hardy's model. In the present study, pain threshold and tolerance threshold were measured quantitatively, using Initial Skin Temperature Controlled Repeated Thermal Stimulation System (STRTS) which was composed of NYT-55 (KUDO ELECTRIC Co.) and a microcomputer PC-9801 VM 21 (NEC Co.). The following results were obtained in healthy volunteer students (62 males and 61 females). The pain and tolerance threshold were changed at every measurement sites on the body surface. The sex differences were observed for both pain and tolerance threshold. In general, the male's threshold intensity was higher than that of female. The pain threshold of trained subjects who have experienced preparatory training about pain measurement were relatively stable, while the threshold of untrained subjects were unstable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Three-dimensional analysis of maxillary alveolar process in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients].

The collapsed maxillary alveolar arch in bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) patients was quantitatively evaluated by three dimensional analysis. Materials were consisted of alveolar models taken from 15 Japanese boys (11 years old) with BCLP. The findings obtained were as follows: 1. Examination of the alveolar displacement in individual BCLP patients disclosed a marked tendency of inward and upward displacement of the lateral segments. On the other hand, premaxilla showed an upward displacement in the vertical dimension with a great deal of variation in the amount and direction of horizontal displacement. 2. Concerning the average amount of horizontal displacement, the premaxilla showed relatively little, but the lateral segment, especially the left one, showed a considerably large amount. In the vertical dimension, both the premaxilla and lateral segment were displaced markedly upward. 3. Patterns of collapsed alveolar arch in BCLP patients were classified according to the amount of horizontal displacement of the premaxilla into the following 4 types; type A (larger displacement towards the inside), type B (moderate or smaller displacement towards the inside), type C (moderate or smaller displacement towards the outside) and type D (larger displacement towards the outside). The order of prevalence of these 4 types was B,C,A,D in order. On the other hand, in the vertical dimension, the direction of displacement of the premaxilla was upward in all patients. 4. The anterior edge of the lateral segments showed the largest amount of displacement both in the horizontal and vertical dimensions. In a comparison of these results with those of Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP), the total amount of horizontal displacement of the maxillary alveolar process was larger in UCLP, while the vertical one was larger in BCLP. A remarkable difference between BCLP and UCLP was found in the displacement of the anterior region due to the premaxilla in BCLP.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1975

Subcellular fate of protein antibiotic neocarzinostatin in culture of a lymphoid cell line from Burkitt's lymphoma.

14C-LABELED PROTEIN ANTIBIOTIC NEOCARZINOSTATIN (NCS) was prepared efficiently by chemical modification. With the use of lymphoma-derived cell line P3HR-1, the subcellular behavior of this antitumor antibiotic was studied by the uptake a. nd autoradiography of isolated nuclei of radioactive NCS. The antibiotic was taken up by the cells, reaching the maximum value at 1.5 hr and decreasing in value at 4.0 hr to the level at 0.5 hr. The silver grains in the autoradiograms were also found in the isolated nuclei. The grain count in the nuclei showed a tendency similar to the uptake of NCS by the whole cells, i.e., a gradual increase at 0.5 hr, reaching the maximum value at 1.5 hr, and then decreasing after 4.0 hr to the level at 0.5 hr. These facts indicated that NCS reached not only to cytosol but also into the nucleus, and/or at least to the nuclear membrane of the lymphoid cell. The number of NCS molecules incorporated into the cells at 1.5 hr was calculated to be about 1 x 10-6/cells at a concentration of 3 mug NCS per ml of medium, which can be extrapolated to 1 x 10-4 molecules per cell at the minimum inhibitory concentration. The number of molecules should be even less within the nucleus. In cell-free systems, the interaction of DNA and NCS, which is an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, was investigated with use of a Sephadex G-100 column, with negative results. In the cell culture system, NCS molecules were degraded into smaller polypeptides of certain sizes by proteolysis either by serum component(s) or by cells themselves. An inactive isomer, pre-NCS, which is an antagonist of NCS and a partially denatured homologous molecule, behaved similarly to NCS in all of these experiments. Because the chemically modified NCS used in this study retained biological activity essentially similar to that of parental NCS, the results obtained here could be interpreted as similar to those of parental NCS in vitro.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗