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Biomedical subjects

S Aggarwal

Publications and source records attributed to S Aggarwal.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Amino acid sequence analysis of group e allotype-related peptides derived from lagomorph IgG.

A tryptic peptide (T 19) was isolated from a CNBr fragment of IgG from several representatives of present-day lagomorphs including domestic rabbit, hare, cottontail rabbit and pika. The amino acid sequence of this peptide revealed differences which can be correlated with serological polymorphism associated with group e IgG allotypes. The results confirm previous studies establishing the importance of Ala309 for the expression of e 15, particularly the i subspecificity. Arg315 correlates with the expression of the j subspecificity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoma of the gallbladder: CT findings in 50 cases.

Fifty patients with histologically proven carcinoma of the gallbladder were examined by computed tomography (CT). The gallbladder masses were categorized into two broad groups: group 1 (74%) included patients in whom the gallbladder was identified along with a mass lesion; and group 2 (26%), where a large mass was present in the gallbladder fossa with no identifiable gallbladder. Group 1 was further divided into three types according to the nature of the tumor: Type 1, mass almost filling the entire gallbladder lumen; Type 2, a polypoidal mass projecting into the lumen; type 3, an infiltrating tumor seen as focal or diffuse wall thickening. Liver involvement, in the form of localized invasion in the vicinity of the primary gallbladder malignancy, was the most common associated finding (80%). Other ancillary features included presence of calculi, lymphadenopathy, and biliary obstruction. CT was found useful for characterizing and defining the extent of carcinoma of the gallbladder. However, it may not consistently demonstrate involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, omentum, and abdominal wall. CT can also be used for aspiration/biopsy guidance of the gallbladder mass in selected cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcified splenic metastasis from gastric carcinoma.

Isolated splenic metastases are uncommon. We report CT and MRI features of an isolated, large, calcified splenic metastasis from a primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Presence of a calcified splenic mass with a known primary malignancy of mucinous nature should suggest the diagnosis of splenic metastasis even if it occurs in isolation.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of protein-calorie malnutrition on cytochromes P450 and glutathione S-transferase.

Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) can develop both from inadequate food intake and as a consequence of diseases such as cancer and AIDS. Several studies have shown that PCM can alter drug clearance but little information is available on the effect of PCM on individual cytochrome P450 isoforms and phase II conjugation enzymes. The aim of the present study was to begin a systematic evaluation of the effect of PCM on the activity of individual drug metabolizing enzymes in a rat model of PCM. Control and PCM rats received isocaloric diets which contained either 21% or 5% (deficient) protein. After 3 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and microsomal and cytosolic fractions prepared. Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD), chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation, dextromethorphan N- and O-demethylation and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) conjugation were used as measures of CYP1A, CYP2E1, CYP3A2, CYP2D1 and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, respectively. Additionally, NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity was measured in the liver microsomes. PCM significantly reduced the maximum velocity (Vmax) of all model reactions studied. However, differential effects were observed with respect to K(m) values of the reactions. The K(m) values for EROD and dextromethorphan N-demethylation were significantly increased in PCM animals, whereas the K(m) values for chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation and dextromethorphan O-demethylation were decreased. In contrast, the K(m) value for CDNB conjugation was unchanged. When NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity was compared, a 29% reduction in reductase activity was noted in PCM animals as compared to controls. Thus, it appears that PCM decreases the overall activity of certain phase I and phase II metabolism enzymes in rat liver while exhibiting differential effects on K(m). Furthermore, this reduction in activity may be due in part to diminished activity of cytochrome P450 reductase.

Animals↗