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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Sister chromatid exchange in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive leukemia.

The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency was studied in the leukemic cells of 12 patients, 10 with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), 1 with Ph1-negative CML, and 1 with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Except for two patients in the blastic phase of CML, the SCE values were within the normal range [3.8 +/- 6.4 (S.D.) SCE/cell; normal is 3.3 +/- 2.2 SCE/cell]. In the two cases with the blastic phase of CML, the values were 7.6 +/- 3.2 and 8.9 +/- 4.7 SCE/cell, a statistically significant difference from the control values. However, in the patient with acute myeoblastic leukemia, the SCE incidence increased from 3.6 to 24.4 SCE per cell when therapy was changed to daunorubicin and vincristine and the disease became progressive. Further studies on SCE and leukemia may prove the usefulness of this determination for therapeutic and clinical purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Heart disease screening of school children using abbreviated electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram.

By recording the electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram simultaneously using three abbreviated leads, 23,216 (6 and 7 years of age) elementary school children were screened for heart diseases. One hundred and one cases (0.44%) with congenital heart diseases, ten cases (0.04%) with acquired heart diseases and 100 cases (0.43%) with electrocardiographic abnormalities were discovered. From these observations, we conclude that this screening method applied on school children is useful in discovering the previously unrecognized heart diseases, especially atrial septal defect, primary myocardial disease and arrhythmia.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1978

[Nasal route flexible broncho-fiberscopy, as a tool of mass examination for hilar type lung cancer (author's transl)].

Early detection of lung cancer is mandatory problem in the medical field. Although, chest x-p examination is a strong armament for detection of peripheral type of lung cancer, the method has rather weak point in detection of hilar type of bronchogenic carcinoma. Bronchoscopy is essential method for diagnosis of bronchial changes of this disease. It is, however, not popular method yet, because of its troublesome technique, such as insertion of tracheal tube, eventhough new instrument of flexible fiber bronchoscopy makes us very much easy way to use, compared with old-fashioned rigid bronchoscopy. For mass examination of high risk group of bronchogenic carcinoma (chromate workers), we are using nasal route flexible fiberbronchoscopy. Comparing of this method with previously used trans-oral route, both easiness of the technique on doctor's side, and comfort during the examination on the patients's side revealed favorable results for nasal method.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1978

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome with various arterial lesions.

The authors present a four-month-old boy with acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome who had hemiparesis of the left side of face and body, electrocardiographic findings suggesting myocardial infarction, angiographic evidence of obstruction of the right middle cerebral artery, and aneurysms of the coronary arteries and the brachial arteries. The authors suggest that the disease of this boy is a syndrome of systemic vasculitis.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1978

Correlation of differences in antigenicity of four 3-methyl-cholanthrene-induced tumors in syngeneic mice with the susceptibility of tumors to an immunopotentiator, PS-K.

Eleven syngeneic tumors were induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in DDD mice. Their antigenicity in vivo was examined by measuring growth inhibition of transplanted tumors in mice immunized by implanting tumors into their tail and then cutting off the tail. Four tumors with different antigenicity were selected from them for study. The growth-suppressive effect of an immunotherapeutic agent, PS-K, on the four tumors was examined. The growth of highly antigenic tumors in mice was inhibited by PS-K, but that of weakly antigenic tumors was not, and a close correlation was found between the antigenicity of tumors and the antitumor activity of PS-K against them. No similar correlation was found between their antigenicity and their sensitivity to a mitotic poison, 6-mercaptopurine. These results suggest that the antitumor effect of an immunopotentiator depends greatly on the antigenicity of tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Antitumor immunity after surgical removal of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced murine tumors: correlation between resistance and delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

The relationship between tumor resistance and the antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reaction (TDHR) after resection of the tumor was studied by using the syngeneic 3-methylcholanthrene-induced murine tumor, MCA-DDD. MCA-DDD was inoculated subcutaneously into the tail of DDD mice and 4 weeks later the tumor-bearing tail was resected. The tumor resistances of the mice were then determined from the diameters of the tumor that developed 14 days after subcutaneous challenge of the mice with tumor cells in the flank. It was found that the mice showed a specific resistance to the tumor until 30 days after tumor resection. In parallel with tests on tumor resistance, TDHR of the mice after tumor resection was examined by the footpad test. The cell-free fraction of sonicated MCA-DDD tumor cells was used as the preparation of tumor antigens. TDHR of the mice appeared soon after tumor resection, reached a maximum on day 7, and then decreased slowly until day 29. Mice that acquired tumor resistance showed rapid increase of TDHR after challenge with fresh tumor cells. TDHR was high on day 4 after the challenge and its level was well correlated with tumor resistance of the mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Resistance of guinea-pig hepatoma cells to complement-mediated lysis induced by ascites fluid or serum from tumor-bearing animals.

The mechanisms of tumor cell susceptibility and resistance to cytotoxic antibodies were investigated in the guinea-pig ascites hepatoma (line-1 and line-10) system. Treatment of line-specific rabbit antibody-coated tumor cells by ascitic fluid, by serum of tumor bearers or by tumor extract inhibited subsequent complement-mediated lysis. Inhibition by ascitic fluid and serum was not line-specific, but inhibition by tumor extract was line-specific. Treatment of tumor cells with ascitic fluid or tumor extract prior to exposure to specific cytotoxic antibody and complement did not inhibit lysis. Incubation of cytotoxic rabbit antisera with ascitic fluid, tumor-bearer serum or tumor extract neutralized their complement-dependent cytotoxic activity on tumor cells. Tumor-immune guinea-pigs exhibited line-specific delayed cutaneous reactions after injection with ascitic fluid or tumor extract. Studies with indrect immunofluorescence revealed that exposure to ascites fluid or tumor extract caused a rapid shedding of rabbit antibodies from the tumor cell surface. Evidence is presented indicating that the active fraction of ascites fluid was associated with immune complexes consisting of IgG and tumor antigen in excess. The relevance of these findings to tumor escape from immune destruction in vivo is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Susceptibility to and escape from complement-mediated lysis of guinea-pig hepatoma line-10.

Rabbit xenoantisera produced against diethyl-nitrosamine-induced strain-2 guinea-pig hepatoma line-10 cells (L-10) according to various immunization schedules were compared for their cytotoxicity on L-10 cells in the presence of guinea-pig complement. The highest activity was obtained with antisera (Cx-1) produced by repeated intravenous injections of living L-10 cells at high cell dosage, whereas intramuscular injections of living or glutaraldehyde-treated L-10 cells at similar frequency and cell dosage were less effective for the production of cytotoxic antibodies against L-10 cells. Intravenous injections of smaller cell doses were less effective. The cytotoxic antibody in Cx-1 antiserum was shown to be IgG by various methods including gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, ion exchange chromatography and immunoelectrophoresis of purified tumor-specific antibodies. It was concluded that L-10 cells can be lysed by guinea-pig complement and tumor-specific antibodies (IgG). Some antisera contained IgM antibodies which were not cytotoxic. A decrease in susceptibility of L-10 cells to complement-mediated lysis was observed when the cells were maintained in vivo for a long period (more than 20 passage generations). This was due to a lower density of tumor antigens on the cell surface. When tumor cells were treated with a second antibody directed against rabbit IgG or F(ab')2, cytotoxicity of Cx-1 antisera was completely abolished.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Thermoosmosis through charged membranes.

Thermoosmosis through oxidized collodion and collodion-sulfonated polystyrene interpolyrene interpolymer membranes has been observed in KCl solutions of various concentrations. The effective temperature difference acting for thermoosmosis was determined by measuring the thermal membrane potential appearing on both sides of membrane. It was found that the velocity of thermoosmosis is proportional to the effective temperature difference and the proprtionality constant (themoosmotic coefficient) is a function of electrolyte concentration. The dependence of the thermoosmotic coefficient of charged membranes on the electrolyte concentration is found to have a characteristic feature.

Collodion↗