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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Typing of immunomodulators in terms of their effects on the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins and antitumor combination therapy based on this typing.

Changes of serum proteins have recently received much attention in studies of immunomodulators. In this work, changes of serum proteins, especially LB, were studied by gel electrophoresis of sera after administration of 23 immunomodulators or antitumor agents. Fourteen of the 23 compounds increased the concentration of LB in the serum of normal ddY mice when injected once ip. Six compounds caused a very rapid (day 1) increase of LB, and 8 agents caused a slow increase (day 4 approximately day 10). On the basis of the results, these compounds were classified into type I (causing a rapid increase in LB; i.e., lipopolysaccharide, dextran sulfate and poly (I)-poly(C), type II (causing a slow increase in LB; i.g., lentinan, TAK and PS-K), and type O (causing no increase in LB; e.g., levamisole and bestatin). The antitumor activities of these three types of compounds in combination with lipopolysaccharide (type I) or lentinan (type II) were studied in an Ehrlich carcinoma-ddY mouse system. The results suggested that different types of compounds frequently showed synergistic antitumor activities. Typing of immuno-modulators and the antitumor activities of combinations of these compounds are discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

Elimination of tumor-enhancing cells by cyclophosphamide and its relevance to cyclophosphamide therapy of the murine mammary tumor.

The antitumor effect of cyclophosphamide (CY) on a syngeneic mouse mammary tumor, MM46, was found to be due to selective elimination of host lymphoid cell populations as well as a direct cytotoxic effect of CY on tumor cells. marked inhibition of tumor growth after a single ip injection of CY on day 12 lasted for more than 3 weeks, unless the host was infused iv with spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice. The tumor-enhancing activity of spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice appeared to be mainly due to Thy 1.2 positive T lymphocytes and was no longer seen after CY treatment on day 12. The extent of tumor growth inhibition achieved with CY was critically dependent on the time of drug administration. CY had no antitumor effect when given before tumor inoculation. Associated with the antitumor effect of CY, augmentation of the antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reaction, or the cellular immune response, was observed. In contrast, the titer of antitumor antibody in the blood, or the humoral immune response, decreased. Cell transfer experiments showed that suppressor T cells for antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reaction specifically induced by the tumor inoculum were eliminated after CY treatment on day 12.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Multiple cystic lesions of the lung.

A case with huge cystic disease of the lung was reported. The plain chest X-P revealed several linear shadows in the left middle lung field. Bronchography disclosed multiple cystic lesions located mainly in the left lung. There were also several small cystic lesions in the right lung. No inflammatory findings of the bronchi were found. Difficult problem concerning differential diagnosis between acquired and congenital cystic disease of the lung was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XXXV. The missing Y in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL).

The bone marrow chromosomes in six ANLL patients with a missing Y were examined. In all of six cases, the missing Y was the only chromosomal abnormality at diagnosis, and it persisted through their clinical courses. One patient had a shift from the 45,X to a 47,XX, +5, 13q + karyotype in the terminal phase of the disease. The findings indicate that the 45,X cells were not involved in further karyotypic progression, and that the leukemic process usually seemed to involve the 46,XY cell rather than the 45,X cells. Based on the data of the current study and that in the literature, it appears that the presence of missing Y in ANLL may afford a rather benign clinical course to such patients when compared to that of the ANLL patients with a missing Y. It is suggested that the age of the patients, karyotypic differences and degree of a missing Y in the marrow cells may affect the clinical course of ANLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Bacillus thermoglucosidius alpha-glucosidase. Temperature dependence of activity and stability.

A p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside-hydrolyzing alpha-glucosidase from an obligate thermophile, Bacillus thermoglucosidius KP 1006, gave a triphasic relationship at pH 6.8 in the van't Hoff plot of Km, in the Arrhenius plot of the first order rate constant of inactivation with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, and in the logarithmic plot of the maximal fluorescence intensity at 346 nm versus reciprocal of temperature. The respective plots exhibited two breaks at 40 and 61 degrees C, 43 and 62 degrees C, and 40 and 61 degrees C. However, the Arrhenius plot of the molecular activity at pH 6.8 had a single discontinuity at 64 degrees C. These findings, together with thermodynamic quantities for the enzyme, suggest that the thermal conformation changes in the enzyme protein occur around 40--43 degrees C and 61--64 degrees C. The Arrhenius plot of the rate constant of heat inactivation at pH 6.8 was bent at 73 degrees C. Thermodynamic data indicate that the enzyme is transformed from a heat stable form into a heat unstable form at 73 degrees C with temperature elevation. The critical points localized near the minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures (40, 60, and 72 degrees C) of the cell growth, respectively.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1980

Bathtub scalds.

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Baths↗
PubMed1980

Chromium content of lungs of chromate workers with lung cancer.

The chromium content was measured in the lungs of chromate workers, obtained at necropsy in six patients and at surgery in two. The mean chromium content of peripheral lung tissue was 36.7 micrograms per gm wet weight (range 0.50 to 130.2 micrograms) and that of the large airways was 0.51 micrograms per gm wet weight (range 0.22 to 0.99 micrograms). These means values were high compared with those from control lungs of a non-chromate exposed lung cancer patients--respectively 0.21 micrograms per gm in lung tissue and 0.11 micrograms per gm in the large bronchi. The longer the exposure period, the higher was the chromium content in the lungs. The concentration of chromium in the upper lobes was significantly higher than that in the lower lobes, suggesting regional differences either in clearance from or deposition in the lung. Moreover, it was apparent that the metal remained in the lungs long after exposure to chromate had ceased

Aged↗
PubMed1980

An experimental production of ventricular tachycardia by hyperosmotic solutions in dogs.

Selective injections into the left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCX) coronary arteries were separately performed in twenty dogs using various hyperosmotic solutions. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) was induced in all dogs studied, by injections of solutions having higher osmolality, whereas solutions with relatively lower osmolality did not produce VT. VT was induced in 100% of trials by injections of 30% saline into the LAD. Injections into the LCX of both 10% and 30% saline also elicited VT in 100%. The VT was produced under classic total cardiac denervation combined with intravenous propranolol (0.6 mg/kg) and atropine (0.15 mg/kg). Atrioventricular (A-V) block caused by surgical section of the distal part of the His bundle did not effectively block the production of VT. Reliability of this rather simple technique appears to provide us with a new experimental model.

Animals↗