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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Identification of urinary and microsomal metabolites of geranylgeranylacetone in rats.

The metabolic disposition of the anti-ulcer agent geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) was examined in rats. Urinary metabolites were isolated and identified by mass spectrometry and 1H n.m.r. studies. Three metabolites were dicarboxylic acids with chain lengths of C7, C9 and C11 and accounted for 31.6%, 14.8% and 5.3%, respectively, of the radioactivity excreted in the urine 24 h after oral administration of 14C-GGA. The metabolites produced by the incubation of GGA with liver microsomes in the presence of an NADPH-generating system were identified as an omega-hydroxylated derivative of GGA and its ketone-reduced form. The characterization of GGA metabolites indicates that the metabolic pathway of GGA in rats involves omega-oxidation (possibly via the corresponding carboxylic acid) and successive beta-oxidation processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of arildone on the immunogenicity of formalin-inactivated polioviruses.

Concentrated and purified Sabin and virulent strains of poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 were inactivated with formalin at 37 C. By addition of 5.4 microM arildone, an antiviral agent, to the virus suspension, the stability of D antigen increased in both Sabin and virulent strains of all types, especially in virulent type 1 Mahoney strain. The drug had neither any inhibitory nor enhancing effect on the formalin inactivation. When antibody response was compared in guinea pigs, Sabin strains inactivated in the absence of arildone were less immunogenic against homotypic virulent strains than inactivated vaccine prepared from virulent strains. On the other hand, Sabin strains inactivated in the presence of arildone were equally immunogenic. These results indicate that it is possible to prepare from Sabin strains a potent and safe inactivated vaccine having an immunogenicity comparable to that prepared from virulent strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Examination of the direct effects of nicorandil, verapamil, propranolol, and nitroglycerin on the hypoxic canine myocardium.

Effects of intracoronary administration of verapamil (VER), nitroglycerin (TNG), propranolol (PRO), and nicorandil (NIC) on regional hypoxia were examined in 39 open-chest dogs. Distal left anterior descending coronary artery was perfused for 5 min with deoxygenated Krebs-Henseleit solution (KHS) in group 1 (n = 9), VER-containing (1.3 mg/dl) KHS in group 2 (n = 9), TNG-containing (0.5 mg/dl) KHS in group 3 (n = 7), PRO-containing (0.4 or 0.8 mg/dl) KHS in group 4 (n = 7), and NIC-containing (0.5 or 2.5 mg/dl) KHS in group 5 (n = 7). Transmural biopsy at 5 min revealed a less severe metabolic deterioration in the hypoxic myocardium in groups 2, 4, and 5, as evidenced by higher ATP content (2.99 +/- 0.73, 2.81 +/- 0.35, and 3.14 +/- 1.20 mumol/g in groups 2, 4, and 5, respectively) and lower lactate accumulation (5.16 +/- 0.59, 5.62 +/- 1.44, and 5.05 +/- 1.12 mumol/g in groups 2, 4, and 5, respectively) compared with those in group 1 (2.09 +/- 0.45 mumol/g in ATP and 8.77 +/- 2.34 mumol/g in lactate). Metabolic preservation by VER, PRO, and NIC were not mediated by changes in hemodynamics and regional myocardial contraction. On the other hand, any significant protective effects were not noted in group 3, despite a significant reduction in rate-pressure products. Under an aerobic condition these agents affected regional myocardial contraction in a different manner from each other.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cytomorphologic features of antiallergic drug-induced eosinophilic cystitis with bronchial asthma.

The cytomorphologic features of voided urine specimens from two patients with antiallergic drug (Tranilast)-induced eosinophilic cystitis are described. The urothelial cells tend to occur in clusters and are of variable size. The remarkable vacuolization is observed in the cytoplasm. The markedly vacuolated cytoplasm which may be infiltrated by polymorpho-nuclear leucocytes is unremarkable. Some nuclei usually show transparent center surrounded by a rim of chromatin. The nucleoli are prominent. Marked vacuoles in the nucleus is observed. These findings are very important cytomorphologic characteristics for differential diagnosis between eosinophilic cystitis and malignant bladder tumor and cystitis due to bacterial infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Nuclear DNA content as an indicator of chemosensitivity in small-cell carcinoma of the lung.

The relationship between the nuclear DNA histogram pattern of tumor cells obtained by bronchoscopic brushing and the response to combination chemotherapy (Cytoxan + Adriamycin + Vincristine) was studied in 28 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Microspectrophotometric analysis of the tumor cells showed a near-diploid nuclear DNA pattern in 18 patients and a hyperdiploid pattern in 10 patients. Eight of the ten patients with the hyperdiploid pattern showed a good response (complete or partial response) to the chemotherapy. However, of the 18 patients with the near-diploid DNA pattern, only 2 displayed a good response; the remaining 16 patients exhibited no response. The hyperdiploid DNA pattern of tumor cells was thus associated with a better response to chemotherapy than was the near-diploid pattern. These results indicate that the nuclear DNA histogram pattern may be an indicator for predicting the degree of response to chemotherapy in small-cell carcinoma of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Nuclear DNA content, cytomorphologic features and clinical characteristics of small cell carcinoma of the lung.

The relationship between the cytomorphologic features, the nuclear DNA patterns and the clinical prognosis of patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung was studied. In cases in the long-survival group (greater than or equal to 24 months), bronchial brushing smears contained a relatively high frequency of nuclei with large, irregular shapes and finely granular chromatin patterns, in comparison with patients in the short-survival group (less than or equal to 9 months); the correlation was not statistically significant, however. The incidence of cells with round or oval nuclei and finely granular chromatin patterns was higher in patients whose cells had hyperdiploid DNA patterns than for patients whose cells had near-diploid patterns; again, the difference was not statistically significant. Patients whose tumor cells had hyperdiploid DNA patterns had significantly shorter survival times than did patients whose tumor cells had near-diploid patterns. These results indicate that (1) judging the nuclear DNA pattern from the cytomorphologic features of small cell carcinoma is unreliable and (2) the nuclear DNA patterns are related to the clinical prognosis of patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1987

Establishment and characterization of a cell line, TOM-1, derived from a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia.

A new Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive cell line, designated TOM-1, was derived from bone marrow cells of a patient with Ph1-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The TOM-1 cells were positive for Ia and B1 antigens and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) but negative for common ALL antigen. Although neither surface Ig nor cytoplasmic Ig was detected, the TOM-1 cells contained rearranged immunoglobulin-H chain genes but retained germ-line kappa chain and germ-line T cell receptor beta-chain genes. These results indicate that the TOM-1 cells reside as the progenitor of pre-B cells. We have investigated the chromosome 22 breakpoint and c-abl gene expression in the TOM-1 cells. We found that the breakpoint on chromosome 22 was within the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) in the TOM-1 cells. We also found the breakpoints within or near bcr in four of six Ph1-positive ALL cases, similar to the findings in Ph1-positive CML cases. Amplification of the c-abl gene was not detected in the TOM-1 cells. The leukemic cells isolated from a patient with CML in myeloid crisis contained a novel 8-kilobase (kb) abl-related messenger RNA (mRNA), but the TOM-1 cells contained c-abl transcripts of only normal sizes, despite the fact that they showed the bcr gene rearrangement.

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1987

Endogenous production of cytotoxic factor in mice induced by a combination of interferon-gamma and heterologous fibrinogen.

The ability of heterologous fibrinogen in combination with interferon (IFN)-gamma to induce endogenous production of cytotoxic factor was examined. Heterologous but not homologous fibrinogen induced high production of cytotoxic factor in IFN-gamma-primed mice. The cytotoxic activity was maximal 1 h after this triggering. The LD50 value of heterologous fibrinogen in mice was greater than 250 mg/kg i.v. But heterologous fibrinogen induced antibody, causing anaphylaxis. Therefore, the effect of successive injections of fibrinogens from a different species was tested. Cytotoxic factor could be produced repeatedly by successive treatments with a combination of IFN-gamma and heterologous fibrinogen from one species for 1 week, although the cytotoxic activity induced by successive injections gradually decreased. After the decrease of the triggering effect of heterologous fibrinogen of one species, heterologous fibrinogen from a different species could induce cytotoxic activity at the same level as that after the first triggering. Thus, a combination of IFN-gamma and heterologous fibrinogen is effective for cytotoxic factor production, provided different heterologous fibrinogens are used successively. This combination should be useful for endogenous cytotoxic factor production in clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Augmentation of cytotoxic activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHu-TNF) by recombinant human interferon-gamma (rHu-IFN-gamma).

The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of recombinant human interferon-gamma (rHu-IFN-gamma) on the in vitro antitumor activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHu-TNF) against rHu-TNF-sensitive and resistant tumor cells. rHu-IFN-gamma augmented both cytostatic and cytocidal activity of rHu-TNF. When 14 tumor cells were tested, augmentation by rHu-IFN-gamma was observed in most of rHu-TNF-sensitive tumor cells and in few cases in rHu-TNF-resistant tumor cells. Among rHu-TNF-sensitive tumor cells, there was no relationship between the degree of augmentation and the susceptibility to rHu-TNF. Augmentation was marked when tumor cells were treated with rHu-IFN-gamma either before the exposure to rHu-TNF or during the early period of the exposure to rHu-TNF. On the other hand, augmentation was not observed when tumor cells were treated with rHu-IFN-gamma during a late period of the exposure to rHu-TNF. From these results, a combined treatment with both agents can be expected to provide an approach to get better results in clinical trials.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

[A case of internal carotid artery aneurysm of the cavernous portion treated by trapping with the detachable balloon technic].

The authors report a case of internal carotid artery aneurysm of the cavernous portion, which was treated by trapping of the internal carotid artery using a detachable balloon technique. In April 1984, 56-year-old female was admitted with chief complaint of ptosis of the left eyelid lasting for the past two years. A neurological examination on admission revealed the left oculomotor nerve palsy. Contrast CT scan and left carotid angiogram showed an aneurysm at the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery. On June 11th, three days before the trapping, superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis was performed using short vein graft. On June 14th, the internal carotid artery was trapped at the distal and proximal portions of the aneurysmal neck using two Debrun's No. 16 balloons. Digital subtraction angiography taken two weeks after the trapping showed complete occlusion of the left internal carotid artery with no visualization of the aneurysm. Contrast CT scan taken three months after the trapping highly indicated complete thrombosis of the lumen of the aneurysm. Following the intravascular surgery, the left oculomotor paresis was gradually improved. The authors emphasized that the trapping of the internal carotid artery using a detachable balloon technique was the most safe and beneficial method for the treatment of the aneurysm located in the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1987

Reciprocal translocation involving the short arms of chromosomes 7 and 11, t(7p-;11p+), associated with myeloid leukemia with maturation.

A reciprocal translocation involving the short arms of chromosomes 7 and 11, t(7;11)(p15;p15), was found in nine patients including eight with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and one with Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blastic crisis. Although a similar chromosome rearrangement has previously been reported in five patients, including three with AML and two with CML, the 7p breakpoint in some of these cases was slightly different from that detected in our patients. Notable cytogenetic and clinicohematologic findings in our patients and those reported in the literature were as follows: (a) t(7;11) occurred in myeloid leukemia, predominantly AML with subtype M2, and occasionally in other AML subtypes and in CML with or without Ph1 chromosome; (b) t(7;11) frequently occurred as the sole chromosome abnormality; (c) most patients showed a low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score; and (d) Auer rods were present in leukemic cells of most cases including Ph1-positive CML. Our findings suggest that a t(7;11)-associated leukemia constitutes a subgroup of myeloid malignancy involving maturing leukemic cells.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1987

[Study on general anesthesia for cesarean section--condition of ventilation and inhaled O2 concentration].

UNLABELLED: The effects of ventilation on the fetus during general anesthesia for elective cesarean section were evaluated. METHOD: 62 healthy parturients (37-42 weeks) were divided into two groups, 40 received general anesthesia (G group) and 22 received spinal anesthesia (C group). All were given pre-operative infusion, journey tilt position and LUDD application. The G group was further divided according to the combination of O2 concentration and respiratory rate. General anesthesia was maintained by N2O-O2-halothane (0.5%). The C group was given 0.3% dibucaine with 100% O2 inhalation. ABM was used to monitor blood pressure, pulse rate, EMG, EEG, NMT and EtCO2. Maternal arterial blood (MA) and umbilical arterial and venous blood (UA, UV) were taken at delivery for measurement of PO2, PCO2, pH and B.E.. RESULTS: No significant change in blood pressure was found. There were positive correlations in EtCO2, MAPCO2 and UVPCO2. MAPCO2 decreased when the respiratory rate was increased. UVPCO2 and UVPO2 were not affected when MAPCO2 was below 23mmHg. When the O2 concentration was increased, MAPO2 also increased. Thus, pre-operative infusion, journey tilt position and LUDD application help to prevent hypotension. ABM, and especially, EtCO2, provides useful information. Slight hyperventilation and hyperoxygenation are better for the fetus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A case of cavernous angioma of the middle cranial fossa originating in the cavernous sinus with hyperprolactinemia].

A 43-year-old female was admitted showing abnormal feeling in the left eye region. Left facial hypesthesia and quadrantic hemianopsia of left eye were the detectable neurological findings. A plain skull x-ray film revealed a double floor and dilatation of the sella turcica. The tomogram of the sella turcica demonstrated a dilatation of superior orbital fissure. Caudocranial projection revealed a dilatation of foramen ovale. A computerized tomography scan revealed a slightly high density tumor which was enhanced slightly with a contrast medium in the parasellar region and left middle fossa. Carotid angiogram demonstrated the displacement of the left carotid fork to the upper and lateral direction. However, no other sign was found. The sinogram of cavernous sinus clearly demonstrated an indentation in the left cavernous sinus. The endocrinological tests were almost normal except for hyperprolactinemia. A trigeminal neurinoma and a pituitary tumor were suspected. The tumor was totally removed and was histologically diagnosed as a cavernous angioma. At operation it seems to be extracerebral in the middle fossa and originate in the cavernous sinus. Diagnostic problems endocrine findings and the origin are discussed.

Adult↗