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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Attachment of the sphenomandibular ligament to bone during intrauterine embryo development for the control of mandibular movement.

The present study examined the relationship between jaw movement and the site of attachment of the sphenomandibular ligament, which is involved in the control of lateral jaw movement. Major fibers of this ligament are attached to the sphenoid spine and the mandibular lingula. During early stages of embryonic development, however, this ligament is not attached to the sphenoid spine. No consensus has yet been reached concerning the time at which this ligament becomes attached to this spine. The present study was performed to resolve this question and to analyze the relationship of this event of jaw movement. Attachment of the sphenomandibular ligament to the sphenoid spine was observed in fetuses at a gestational age of about 8 months (32 weeks). This may be because fetuses undergo functional changes (initiation of jaw movement such as mastication and swallowing) at this gestational age. This finding suggests that the attachment of the sphenomandibular ligament to the sphenoid spine may be related to fetal jaw movements.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1998

Morphometric study of skin grooves of the head and neck.

The skin surface contains furrows called wrinkles, Langer's lines, and skin grooves that are characteristic ultrastructures of the skin. When a skin incision line is determined, these features should be considered. Many studies have examined skin wrinkles, the number of which increases with age. Langer's lines have also been studied extensively in cadavers. However, these studies may not consistently reflect Langer's lines in living individuals. Most of the studies of skin grooves have examined dermatoglyphics such as fingerprinting, palm printing, and sole printing. Very few studies have examined skin grooves in other areas or quantified their characteristics. The present study analyzed skin grooves of the head and neck in relationship to age, sex, and region. Subjects consisted of 50 nursery school children aged 6 years, 50 college students aged 20 years, and 50 adults aged over 60 years. Impressions were obtained from: 1) forehead, 2) root of the nose, 3) lateral ocular angle, 4) cheek, and 5) neck. The samples were cut into cubes (5.0 x 5.0 x 1.0 mm) and ion-coated with Au-Pdin by a cool sputter coater. Then scanning electron micrographs (x 50) were taken and analyzed by computer morphometry CB-TASPER. Densities of skin grooves and the specific length representing the complexity of grooves per unit area were analyzed using computer morphometry CB-TASPER software. The density of skin grooves differed according to the area, especially among samples taken from the forehead, root of the nose, and the neck. Females had more grooves than males, particularly in the neck region. Skin grooves decreased with age; they appear to change and be absorbed by increasing wrinkles, thus becoming indistinct.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Topographical relationship between cutaneous and osteonutrient arterial branches of the peroneal artery: a morphometric study.

For the total procedure of the fibular osteocutaneous flap in which a part of the fibula and its covering skin and fascia are grafted, the authors conjectured that the complete preservation of the osteonutrient arterial branch of the peroneal artery is essential in order to maintain good perfusion of the grafted fibula. The aim of this study is to clarify the morphometrical relationship between the cutaneous (C) and osteonutrient (OS) arterial branches of the peroneal artery in order to re-examine the procedure. One hundred cadavers were dissected minutely and examined morphometrically. 1. At the middle third of the leg, the OS branch frequently (64.5%) arose from the peroneal artery at a close position (0-10 mm) to the origin of one of the C branches. Moreover, the OS and C branches often (35.4%) formed a common trunk. 2. In several C branches in one leg, the C branch which existed closest to the OS branch showed a relatively larger diameter. In the case where two or three C branches were found, the closest C branch was most likely to be the uppermost one of them. When four or more C branches were found, the middle one tended to be the closest C branch. Consequently, we recommended that the flap be designed using both the middle part of the fibula and the skin at the proximal 30-50% level of the leg, and that the peroneal arterial trunk be attached to the fibula at the minimum 30-50% level of the leg in order to guard the OS branch.

Arteries↗
PubMed1998

[A case of ill-defined vitiliginous lesions in the posterior polar regions of both eyes].

In a 34-year-old man, who was examined for binocular visual disturbance as chief complaint at the department of ophthalmology, we found ill-defined vitiliginous lesions of a size about 1/5 approximately 1/7 the diameter of the papilla in the fundal posterior polar regions of both eyes. Fluorescein angiography (FA) revealed hyperfluorescence of the vitiligo. Blood tests showed increased herpes simplex and herpes zoster varicellosus antibody titers and positive antinuclear antibodies (spekled type). Following steroid treatment, the vitiligo remitted, but reappeared later. Indocyanine green infrared fluorescein angiography (IA) revealed hyperfluorescence of the vitiligo. Fundus findings suggested multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS), but were judged to be negative because 1. the vitiliginous lesions were morphologically different; 2. the onset site of the vitiligo was more posterior and polar-sided, 3. onset of the vitiligo was binocular, 4. the vitiligo recurred and 5. late hypofluorescence was not observed in IA.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Small round-cell type of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Five cases of primitive, small, round-cell tumor that are a type of hitherto unclassified neurogenic sarcoma are described. The tumors were located deep within the soft tissue of the trunks and limbs without association with major nerves. The histologic features consisted mainly of uniform, small, round, tumor cells with scanty cytoplasm. Foci of uniform, short, spindle-shaped tumor cells arranged in whorl-like patterns were observed in some areas. Although the immunoreactivity for the neural markers, Leu-7 and MIC-2, was not marked, cell processes and fragmentous basal laminae, which are ultrastructural neural features, were found in both spindle-shaped and round tumor cells. In four cases, EWS chimeric transcripts were analyzed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. EWS chimeric mRNA (EWS-FLI-1, EWS-ERG, EWS-E1AF, EWS-ETV1, EWS-FEV) was not detected in any cases. The tumors were not consistent with peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. We propose them as a small round-cell type of MPNST that might differentiate toward the immature neural cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of serum neutralizing antibodies to bovine coronavirus in cows & their calves using Hmlu-1 cells.

Between 1992 and 1993, 75 paired serum samples from Holstein dairy cows and their calves were collected from Aomori, Tochigi and Okinawa Prefectures, and the neutralizing antibody titres to bovine coronavirus (BCV) were determined using hamster lung (Hmlu)-1 cells. The anti-BCV antibody positive rate in the maternal serum samples was significantly lower (P < 0.001) in Okinawa (72%) than in Aomori (100%) or Tochigi (100%). The geometric mean tire (GMT) of anti-BCV neutralizing antibody was also significantly lower (P < 0.05) in maternal sera from Okinawa (89) than that of Aomori (229) or Tochigi (264). The anti-BCV neutralizing antibody titres in the sera of calves which had ingested the colostrum, significantly correlated with the antibody concentration of the maternal serum samples (P < 0.05). These results suggest an extensive BCV infection among the dairy cattle in these prefectures, with a varied pattern of distribution between the prefectures. Anti-BCV neutralizing antibody in the sera of newborn calves appeared to be transferred from their dams through colostrum.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Double oblique MR images of the shoulder: comparison with conventional images].

PURPOSE: Because the scapula is not only slanted on transverse sections but also inclines on sagittal section, we now perform shoulder MR imaging using double oblique images (DOI), which are planes perpendicular or parallel to the long axis of the scapula obtained with oblique sagittal scout imaging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of double oblique shoulder MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of shoulders with operatively or arthroscopically proven lesions (20 cases) that had been examined on both conventional images (CI) and DOI were retrospectively reviewed. DOI were compared with CI not only in terms of diagnostic performance but also in their ability to identify the details of shoulder anatomy. All MR studies were done with a shoulder coil on a high-field (1.5T) unit. RESULTS: Although the accuracy of DOI in diagnosing shoulder disorders such as rotator cuff tear and labrum injury was not as good as that of CI, DOI were better for identifying or discriminating muscles and tendons of the rotator cuff, labralbicipital junction and anterior band of the inferior gleno-humeral ligament, and for recognizing the correct position of the glenoid labrum. CONCLUSION: MR double oblique imaging of the shoulder provides more detailed information about shoulder anatomy and disorders than conventional imaging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Immunohistochemical studies in depressed type adenomas of the stomach--comparison with protruded type adenomas and depressed type well differentiated mucosal gastric cancers].

In this study, we performed immunohistochemical studies using p53 and Ki-67 immunostaining in 48 depressed type adenomas, and compared with protruded type adenomas (n = 28) and depressed type well differentiated mucosal gastric cancers (mcancer: n = 46). Focal and diffuse p53 staining patterns were not noticed in depressed type adenomas and in protruded type adenomas, but were noticed in mcancers (focal: 4.3%, diffuse: 41.3%). Ki-67 positive cells were noticed in surface epithelium in 24.4% of depressed type adenomas, in 21.4% of protruded type adenomas and in 87.0% of mcancers. Ki-67 positive rate in foveolar epithelium (superior, middle, inferior) were noticed in (31.1%, 12.9%, 6.1%) of depressed type adenomas, in (33.4%, 15.4%, 6.9%) of protruded type adenomas and in (33.4%, 31.4%, 20.4%) of mcancers. These results suggest that from the point of immunohistochemistry, depressed type adenomas were similar to protruded type adenomas, but were different from mcancers.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

[MR diagnosis of internal derangement of the knee by SE T1 and GRE T2* weighted images: evaluation of 300 arthroscopically proven knees].

To evaluate whether or not the combination of sagittal and coronal spin-echo (SE) T1 and sagittal gradient echo (GRE) T2* weighted imaging is adequate to diagnose internal derangement of the knee, a study was done in 300 knees of 293 consecutive patients who underwent both MR imaging of the knee and arthroscopy. In prospective analysis, the MR imaging had an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of more than 90% in the evaluation of medial meniscus (MM) and of 97% in the evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). In the evaluation of lateral meniscus (LM), accuracy was 83%, sensitivity 76%, and specificity 88%. In a review of false-negative MR diagnoses (n = 42) of menisci, the most significant lesion was not in the meniscus but in the ACL in 32 knees (76%). Conservative treatment was selected in 25 knees (60%), rather than partial meniscectomy (n = 13) or meniscoresis (n = 4). There were 21 false-positive MR diagnoses of menisci even in retrospective analysis, and 17 of them (81%) had findings of tear in the posterior zone, which is known to be a difficult area for arthroscopic examination. The results were similar to those of other authors' with SE T1 and/or proton density and T2 weighted images. The combination of sagittal and coronal SE T1 and sagittal GRE T2* weighted images could be sufficient as a routine MR protocol for diagnosing the internal derangement of the knee.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Perihilar interstitial bleeding due to thoracic endometriosis].

A 47-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of an abnormal shadow in the left hilar region. A CT scan showed a non-enhancing mass between the lingula and left basal bronchus. On the twelfth hospital day, when her menstruation began, she suddenly expectorated a large amount of blood, and her chest X-ray film showed enlargement of the mass in the left hilum and an infiltrative shadow in the left lung field. We suspected pulmonary endometriosis because the hemoptysis was synchronized with the menstruation and because of her history of operations for polyps in the uterine cervix. Six days after the episode of hemoptysis, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a fluid-fluid level in the mass on T 2-weighted images. The abnormal signals spread along the interstitium into the lung parenchyma, therefore we made a diagnosis of hemorrhage in the perihilar interstitium due to endometriosis. MR images obtained 20 days and 48 days after the episode of hemoptysis showed changes of intensity in the mass similar to those of intracranial bleeding. This was a rare case of endometriosis in the perihilar interstitium and it shows the usefulness of MR imaging in making the diagnosis.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed1998

Cochlear implantation in a patient with profound hearing loss with the A1555G mitochondrial mutation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the performance of a cochlear implant in a patient with profound hearing loss with the A1555G mitochondrial mutation. SETTING: The study was conducted at two university hospitals. PATIENT: A 50-year-old Japanese man in whom bilateral profound hearing loss developed after administration of streptomycin at the age of 23 participated. The pedigree of the family showed exclusively maternal transmission of hearing impairment. INTERVENTION: Genetic study and auditory rehabilitation with a cochlear implant were performed. RESULTS: The A1555G point mutation was identified from the patient's mitochondrial DNA. Since activation of the implant, the patient has been using it successfully with a monosyllable recognition score of 78% using Japanese word lists for speech audiometry. CONCLUSIONS: The current case indicated that cochlear implantation may be a valuable choice of therapy for the patient with profound hearing loss with the A1555G mutation. The excellent auditory performance with a cochlear implant suggests that hearing loss associated with this mutation is primarily caused by insult to the cochlear tissue containing rich mitochondria (i.e., hair cells or stria vascularis or both), not to the cochlear nerve and its central connections.

Antibiotics, Antitubercular↗
PubMed1998

[A case of choroidal metastasis from bronchial atypical carcinoid tumor (well-differentiated neuroendocrine cell carcinoma)].

We describe a case of choroidal metastasis from bronchial atypical carcinoid tumor (well-differentiated neuroendocrine cell carcinoma). In this report, we compared the images of indocyanine green infrared fluorescence angiography (IA) to the histological appearance of the metastatic tumor. A 48-year-old male patient presented with metastatic choroidal tumors in both eyes. The IA findings revealed high intensity of fluorescence in the center of the tumor, but low intensity at the edge. Afterwards, the patient underwent enucleation of his left eye because of secondary glaucoma. Microscopic examination of the resected eyeball disclosed two histological patterns: one was that of typical carcinoid tumor; the other atypical carcinoid tumor. In addition, the tumor blood vessels had proliferated more densely in the center of the tumor than at the edge. Only two case reports in the English literature, as for as we know, have previously described the precise histological examination of both choroidal metastasis and primary bronchial carcinoid tumor. This case suggests that the extraordinary IA images are caused by the histologic character of the metastatic tumor: 1. rich vascularity, 2. variety of distribution of the tumor vessels.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

[Significance of serum surfactant protein-D (SP-D) level in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

Elevated levels of serum surfactant protein-D (SP-D) have been previously reported in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. To determine whether the same change is seen in other pulmonary diseases, especially pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), we measured the serum SP-D levels in active pulmonary TB (smear and/or culture: positive), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), IPF, acute exacerbation of IPF, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), pneumoconiosis, bronchiectasis, and bacterial pneumonia by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies to human lung SP-D, and compared them with those of healthy elderly subjects over 50 years of age. The SP-D level in the healthy elderly subjects was 57.6 +/- 38.4 ng/ml (mean +/- SD, n = 287). The levels in patients with active pulmonary TB (140.6 +/- 18.2 ng/ml, n = 49), AIP (1,021 ng/ml, n = 1), IPF (307.0 +/- 180.7 ng/ml, n = 42), acute exacerbation of IPF (817.7 +/- 283.6 ng/ml, n = 3), and HP (716.6 +/- 548.8 ng/ml, n = 4) were significantly higher than those in the healthy elderly controls (p < 0.05), whereas those of pneumoconiosis, bronchiectasis, and bacterial pneumonia, 121.9 +/- 92.8 ng/ml (n = 8), 93.9 +/- 72.9 ng/ml (n = 11), and 72.7 +/- 3.4 ng/ml (n = 4), respectively, showed no significant difference with the controls. In active pulmonary TB, the percentage of patients whose serum SP-D levels were over 134.6 ng/ml (mean + 2SD of healthy elderly controls) was 34.7%, and therefore we considered the serum SP-D level was not useful for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. However, it was significantly higher in the patients with cavity formation than in those without (p < 0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between the serum SP-D level and the number of tubercle bacilli in the sputum (r = 0.416, p = 0.00165), erythrocyte sedimentation rate at 1 hr (r = 0.489, p < 0.01), and CRP level (r = 0.383, p = 0.003). These findings suggest that the serum SP-D level is a useful indicator of the disease activity in pulmonary TB.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in parietal pleura].

A 19-year-old woman was admitted to Kushiro city general hospital due to chest pain and dyspnea. Chest radiographs and computed tomographic scan showed a large intrathoracic mass adjacent to the pleura. Angiographs disclosed feeding veins of the tumor arising from lateral thoracic artery. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the tumor revealed small round cells with a large nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Immunocytochemical study demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase and MIC 2 gene product. The diagnosis was primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the parietal pleura (also known as Askin tumor). Chemotherapy combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation reduced the size of the tumor significantly. However, multiple bone metastasis recurred, and the patient died 35 months after the start of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Assessment of global and regional LV function obtained by quantitative gated SPECT using 99mTc-tetrofosmin: comparison with left ventricular cineangiography and echocardiography].

The quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) software that has automatic edge detection algorithm of the left ventricle, is able to calculate LV volumes and visualize LV wall motion with perfusion throughout the cardiac cycle. We evaluated the reliability of global and regional LV function derived from QGS using 99mTc-tetrofosmin by comparing with left ventricular cineangiography (LVG) and echocardiography (ECHO). In 22 cardiac patients, end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated. Using cinematic display, regional LV wall motion were scored on a 3-point scale (1 = normal, 2 = hypokinesis, 3 = akinesis; WMS). EDV, ESV and LVEF correlated well with those by LVG (p < 0.001 for each). Correlation between WMS derived from QGS and ECHO was high (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). There was an inverse correlation between WMS and LVEF (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). In conclusion, QGS is useful to evaluate global LV function. Regional wall motion evaluated by QGS is good enough for clinical application.

Cineangiography↗
PubMed1998

Histological study of the healing process of the attachment site of rat masseter muscle following injury.

The masseter muscle functions by attaching itself to the mandible. Thus, it is important to study the relationship between the masseter muscle and mandible to clarify the complex movement of the jaw. In this study, the chronological changes in the attachment site of the masseter muscle to the mandible following injury were observed in rats. These findings suggest that, in order for the masseter muscle to recover after injury, the tendinous fibers must be repaired, so that the entire muscle can be protected and recover functionality to some degree.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using F(ab')2 fragment for the detection of human pulmonary surfactant protein D in sera.

We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of SP-D in serum using recombinant SP-D as a standard and horseradish peroxidase conjugated F(ab')2 fragment of mouse monoclonal antibody IgG to avoid the interaction of serum factors including rheumatoid factor. The use of F(ab')2 fragment dramatically decreased the value of serum SP-D concentration in rheumatoid arthritis patients without pulmonary complication to the close level of healthy volunteer. In contrast, the patients with collagen disease having interstitial pulmonary pneumonia exhibited consistently elevated levels of serum SP-D. The use of new ELISA with recombinant SP-D and F(ab')2 fragment of anti-SP-D monoclonal antibody gives a greater advantage for the accurate detection of SP-D in sera from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia with collagen disease and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis without interference of rheumatoid factor.

Adult↗