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Biomedical subjects

S A Zacarian

Publications and source records attributed to S A Zacarian.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Results of cryotherapy for eyelid malignancies.

A total of 164 nodular and infiltrative eyelid basal cell carcinomas were treated with liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy and followed up for a minimum of five years. For lesions less than 10 mm in diameter, nodular basal cell carcinomas had a 97% cure rate with cryotherapy and infiltrative basal cell carcinomas had a 94% cure rate. However, nodular of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma lesions larger than 10 mm in diameter had 85% and 82% cure rates with cryotherapy, respectively. After a minimum four-year follow-up period, 25 recurrent basal cell carcinomas previously treated by various methods had a 93% cure rate when re-treated with cryotherapy. Data for other malignant eyelid lesions treated with cryotherapy were insufficient for statistical analysis.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Cryosurgery of cutaneous carcinomas. An 18-year study of 3,022 patients with 4,228 carcinomas.

In the past 18 years, 3,022 patients with a combined total of 4,228 cutaneous carcinomas were subjected to cryosurgery. Proper selection of patients, histologic type of the tumor, and its anatomic site are important considerations to determine the use of cryosurgery as a therapeutic modality. Indications and contraindications are precisely outlined and the importance of monitoring neoplasms during freezing is emphasized. A long period of follow-up in this series is supportive evidence that cryosurgery is a distinct therapeutic tool for the management of skin cancers and attests to its effectiveness, when properly administered by the skilled cryosurgeon.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1982

Cryosurgical treatment of lentigo maligna.

Between the years 1973 and 1980, 20 patients with lentigo maligna were treated with cryosurgery. The tumors ranged in size from 1.0 to 7.0 cm (average size, 2.7 cm). The recurrence rate for all 20 patients was 10%. The mean average period for follow-up evaluation was 42.6 months. In selected cases (in particular, for patients of advanced age and with lesions of less than 4 cm), cryosurgery is of distinct value in the treatment of lentigo maligna. These tumors, small or large, warrant the use of temperature monitoring or the measurement of electrical current flow within the neoplasm during freezing. A longer follow-up period (for these patients and others) will determine the overall usefulness of cryosurgery in the treatment of lentigo maligna.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Cryosurgery for malignancies of the eyelid.

The results of liquid nitrogen spray technique for 310 biopsy-proven eyelid malignancies are reviewed. The raw recurrence rate for basal cell carcinomas of the eyelids with a mean follow-up of almost three years is 4.2%, while the recurrence rate is 6% in 49 cases followed for five years. For all lid malignancies 10 mm or less in diameter, a 2.0% raw recurrence rate was obtained; however, in those lesions larger than 10 mm, this rose to 9.5%. With this form of therapy, basal cell carcinomas with infiltrative, nonelevated, indistinct borders had twice the recurrence rate than those tumors with elevated distinct borders. Twenty-one squamous cell carcinomas treated with cryosurgery with an average follow-up 21.6 months have yet to show a recurrence. Complications with cryosurgery include permanent loss of eyelashes and depigmentation lasting from six months to over six years. Depending on the extent and location of the tumor, eyelid defects occurred. To date, five plastic reconstructive procedures have been required for ectropion or lid defects; however, no lacrimal outflow surgery has as yet been required.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

How accurate is temperature monitoring in cryosurgery and is there an alternative?

Conventional monitoring of malignant tumors with thermocouple needles is useful, but has disadvantages. Temperatures are recorded all along the shafts of the thermocouple needles and there is a lag of 10 to 15 seconds before precise temperature is recorded at the tip of the needle. This delay may lead the clinician to underfreeze leions. An alternative and more precise monitoring device that measures the flow of electrical current or the cessation of electrical flow (resistance) as an indication of effective cryonecrosis during freezing is described in this paper. This method affords absolute accuracy and at the same time allows monitoring up to five separate focal areas within a lesion instead of a single site as is currently done with thermocouples.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMed1972

Possibility of in vitro alterations in cultures of mammary carcinoma cells, and altered immunological response in the rat: acquired capacity to reject injections of mammary carcinoma cells and implants of mammary carcinoma.

Cell cultures derived from a mammary adenocarcinoma carried in inbred Fisher (CDF) strain female rats, have been shown to possess oncogenic activities and on injection into control rats to produce mammary carcinomata with a failure rate of only one out of 25 rats (i.e. 4%). Efforts have been made to alter the cultured cells, or to select populations from them, so that the response in rats to their antigenic characteristics might leave them with the ability to then reject injections of the active, untreated cancer cells. We have found that continuous treatment of the cultures by their own cell debris (sonicate), or by relatively high concentrations of intact, salmon-sperm DNA, lead to cell populations which have a decreased potential to produce mammary carcinomata, with a combined failure rate of 9 out of 12 rats (i.e. 75%): 5 out of these 12 rats (i.e. 41·7%) did not exhibit any growth (carcinomata or granulomata) after injection of these treated cells, and now all 5 (i.e. 100%) have the capacity to reject injections of the untreated, active cancer cells. Four of these rats (one died under anaesthesia) have now been found to also reject implants of the carcinoma itself.

Adenocarcinoma↗