Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S A Price.
Most published research on the role of the nurse executive has occurred in the private sector. The authors expand our knowledge by reporting nurse executive practice in the public sector, specifically the Department of Veterans Affairs.
This study identified the exciting nature of work for 176 registered nurses employed in urban and rural home health agencies in the southeastern United States. The results revealed that the majority of the home healthcare nurses perceived their work as moderately to highly exciting. Nurses with higher levels of work excitement selected home care because of personal fulfillment, whereas those who were less excited chose home care for schedule flexibility. Both groups, however, cited direct patient contact as a major factor in their decision to practice in the home care setting.
Differences in oral health status between independent and institutionalized adults have been difficult to interpret because the latter population is typically older and has a higher proportion of women, confounding any association between institutionalization and disease levels. We undertook an analysis of oral disease amongst institutionalized (n = 149) and non-institutionalized (n = 246) samples of older adults randomly selected from the population in East York, Ontario. When the confounding effects of age and gender were controlled by constructing 67 matched pairs, institutionalized people were more than twice as likely to be edentulous (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.09-4.29). This association was confirmed using data from all subjects in a logistic regression model. Analysis of covariance of data from dentate subjects revealed that the institutionalized seniors had fewer filled teeth (P less than 0.05, controlling for age and sex), but there were no statistically significant differences in the number of teeth which were missing, decayed, or requiring extraction. These findings suggest that antecedent, sociodemographic factors prior to institutionalization are responsible for the higher probability of oral disease in this group of older adults.
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To identify the best educational preparation for nursing administrators the author surveyed recent graduates of nine graduate schools of nursing, one school of public health with a graduate program in nursing, and their employers. She reports that graduates of programs emphasizing management and administrative skills are better prepared for administrative roles than are graduates of clinical specialist programs. She argues for increasing the management, financial, labor relations, and other administrative components of graduate school curricula.
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1. Oxidative phosphorylation was studied in a cell-free preparation of Mycobacterium phlei and in rat-liver mitochondria. Phosphorylation was destroyed in both systems by long-wave ultraviolet radiation and restored by the addition of small amounts of [2-Me-(14)C,(3)H]phylloquinone. When the radioactive quinones were recovered from the phosphorylating system and chromatographed with carrier phylloquinone and menaquinone-4 in adsorption and partition systems, only the phylloquinone band was labelled, and its isotopic ratio was identical with that of the original [2-Me-(14)C,(3)H]phylloquinone. This result does not support the contention that the role of vitamin K in oxidative phosphorylation involves a cyclic mechanism with intermediate formation of a quinone methide. 2. When the [2-Me-(14)C,(3)H]phylloquinone was given intravenously to rats and radioactive phylloquinone isolated from their liver mitochondria and microsomes 20hr. later, its isotopic ratio was unchanged. There was thus no evidence for quinone methide formation in vivo. No measurable conversion of phylloquinone into menaquinone-4 was observed. 3. When [(14)C]menadione was given intraperitoneally to rats whose alimentary tract had been treated with neomycin, conversion into menaquinone-4 was found in the liver mitochondria and microsomes, but there was also some indication that there had been synthesis of phylloquinone.
We determined the oral health status and treatment needs of the current and future elderly in East York and tested four enrollment strategies for community-based surveys. We selected our sample from the Municipal Composite Report and obtained the data using a multi-item questionnaire and a clinical examination. The examination protocol was based on World Health Organization (WHO) methodology but was expanded to provide tooth surface specific information. Of those contacted by telephone and repeated mailings, 35% participated. The sample appeared representative of the community as determined by a follow-up mail survey of non-respondents. 76% of those examined were dentate and 71% had visited the dentist within the last two years. Nonetheless, 27% had chewing impairment, 15% had discomfort with their teeth and 15% needed care urgently. Treatment needs were highest for the 187 dentate. They required 504 extractions or restorations and 113 denture services. Periodontal care for calculus and pockets was needed by 86% of the dentate. This report shows an apparent contradiction of high dental treatment needs remaining in the context of reported high care-seeking rates.
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This exploratory study has examined the effect of selected characteristics on the career advancement patterns of nurse executives in service and educational settings. The findings are not consistently in agreement with those of other researchers. For example, Hall et al. found that nearly two-thirds of nursing deans had planned their careers to attain that position. In this study, however, eighty-three percent of the respondents indicated that they had not planned their career advancement, but had simply taken opportunities that had come their way. The influence of others was important in the career advancement of these administrators. Many individuals, including faculty and nursing service colleagues, nursing directors, deans, and non-nursing administrators supported the respondents' personal and professional development through role modeling, teaching skills, and encouragement. Deliberate career planning and education in administration were, for the most part, lacking. Although the sample is too small to generate general conclusions about the universe of nurse executives, this does suggest that it is not uncommon for deans and service administrators to learn necessary skills on the job.