Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S A Miller

Publications and source records attributed to S A Miller.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Growth, development and dental caries in rats fed two experimental diets.

In order to determine the nutritional adequacy of diets MIT 200 and NIH 2000 on the growth and development of experimental animals, these two diets were fed to two groups of animals during three periods of development: 1) pregnancy; 2) lactation, and 3) post-weaning. These diets were compared with a diet that satisfied the requirements of the National Research Council for growth and maintenance. It was found that for the two experimental diets, growth was compromised due to a caloric deficit in both diets. In addition, NIH 2000 was deficient in other nutrients such as iron. Analysis of other parameters such as hemoglobin, hematocrit, salivary protein, saliva flow and weight of vital organs upon autopsy revealed a picture of iron deficiency in the NIH 2000 group. Caries formation can be precipitated by a mechanism influenced by a nutrient deficit.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Influence of supplementation on the dental caries incidence and growth of rats fed two model diets.

In order to improve the quality of caries-promoting diets MIT 200 and NIH 2000, both diets were supplemented with fat. In addition, the NIH 2000 diet was supplemented with minerals and vitamins. Supplementation with essential nutrients improves the quality of the diets and enhances growth when compared to control animals. Adding minerals and vitamins to diet NIH 2000 abolishes loss of pigmentation of incisors, improves hemoglobin and hematocrit and reduces caries scores in the buccal surfaces by 50% when compared to the non-supplemented diet. It is possible that the cariogenic properties of diet NIH 2000 may be a function in part of a nutrient deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Influence of dietary iron on the dental caries incidence and growth of rats fed an experimental diet.

In view of the fact that supplementation with essential nutrients improves the quality of diet NIH 2000 and enhances growth, this study was carried out to determine the effects of supplementation with a specific nutrient. Diet 2000 was supplemented with 35 ppm of FeSO4 and fed ad libitum for 40 days. Iron supplementation reverses the caries process and reduces its incidence especially in the buccal surfaces which are bathed readily by saliva. In addition, hemoglobin and hematocrit, growth and pigmentation of the incisor teeth improve significantly with supplementation. The results of this experiment suggest that the effect of diet in the caries process involves not only the sucrose component of the diet but also an essential nutrient such as iron.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Differential proliferation in morphogenesis of lateral body folds.

Morphometric analysis and thymidine autoradiography were used to test the hypothesis that differential growth in the form of proliferative asymmetry is a major contributor to formation of lateral body folds in somatopleure. Chick embryos provided an opportunity to study both spatial and temporal differentials within an individual stage of development. Ectoderm and mesoderm were studied as separate tissues. Thymidine labeling index ranged from 34% to 49% in ectoderm and 43% to 66% in mesoderm and was assumed to reflect rate of proliferation in populations with a 100% proliferation index. Density of cells ranged from ten to 13 cells/1,000 micrometers2 in ectoderm and ten to 15 cells/1,000 micrometers2 in mesoderm, with a mean density of 12 cells/1,000 micrometers2. Cellular proliferation was important in folding, because ectoderm showed highest frequencies of labeling and highest cell density in folding levels. Correlation of proliferative differentials with morphogenesis suggests that proliferation is the form of growth contributing to formation of lateral body folds in 20-somite chick embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Differences of adrenal stress control mechanisms in subjects with glaucoma and normal subjects. Effect of vasopressin and pyrogen.

Various types of glaucomatous and normal subjects were tested for the adequacy of the stress response of their hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to pyrogen and vasopressin. With pyrogen, a significant response of elevation of plasma cortisol levels was positively correlated with ocular pressure and changes of the optic disc. Those subjects with increased ocular pressure and optic disc cupping and pallor had greater rises of plasma cortisol levels. With vasopressin, a decreased response of plasma cortisol levels was negatively correlated with the degree of elevated ocular pressure. Those subjects with increased ocular pressure and lower tonographic outflow facilities had smaller rises of plasma cortisol levels. Both tests indicated a disturbance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in subjects with glaucoma.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Pars plana vitrectomy. Treatment for tractional macula detachment secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Pars plana vitrectomies were performed on 43 eyes with traction macular detachment secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Anatomic success, as judged by reattachment of the macula, occurred 28 (65%) eyes. Improved visual acuity occurred in 11 (26%) eyes. Severe complications occurring after vitrectomy included moderate to severe rubeosis iridis diabetica (28%), neovascular glaucoma (16%), vitreous hemorrhage (49%), and phthisis bulbi (14%). Eyes that received scatter photocagulation therapy at some time prior to macular detachment had a substantially lower incidence of successful postoperative reattachment of the macula than eyes never treated with photocoagulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Scleral buckling procedure for retinal detachments secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Ninety-two patients (99 eyes) underwent scleral buckling procedures for retinal detachment associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Fifty-three procedures were for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and 46 for tractional retinal detachment. The average follow-up period was 38 months. Anatomic success was assessed in terms of closure of retinal breaks (59/69, 86%), macular reattachment (42/90, 46%), and reduction in extent of retinal detachment postoperatively as compared to preoperatively (62/99, 63%). The visual acuity was better postoperatively in 33/99 (34%) of the eyes; 58/99 (58%) of the eyes maintained finger counting visual acuity. Improvement in visual acuity was more frequent in eyes with rhegmatogenous detachment (23/53, 43%) than in those with traction detachment (10/46, 22%). Although improvement is generally limited, some patients are markedly benefitted by scleral buckling procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Radioimmunoassay of creatine kinase B-isoenzymes in serum of patients with azotemia, obstructive uropathy, or carcinoma of the prostate or bladder.

We measured the concentrations of creatine kinase B-isoenzymes by radioimmunoassay in 271 serum specimens from patients with azotemia, benign prostatic hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma of the prostate, and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. There was no correlation between the concentrations of B-isoenzymes and creatinine in the sera of azotemic patients. Above-normal concentrations of B-isoenzymes were found in sera from three patients with acute renal failure, but in only two of 28 specimens from patients with chronic renal failure. Above-normal concentrations of B-isoenzymes also were found in sera from three of 18 patients with untreated carcinoma of the prostate, 10 of 25 patients with treated carcinoma, 20 of 135 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 10 of 33 patients and with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. An above-normal concentration of B-isoenzymes in serum has a low predictive value for adenocarcinoma of the prostate, was not a sensitive indicator of the presence of carcinoma, and was noted paradoxically in six patients with treated carcinoma who had normal acid phosphatase activities in serum. We conclude that routine measurement of B-isoenzymes is not useful to establish the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Assessment of conservation of number: an attempt to enhance ecological validity and diagnostic sensitivity.

Two procedures were used to assess conservation of number in 56 kindergarten boys and girls. In the Standard condition children responded to the usual verbal questions about number. In the Modified condition the ability to conserve number was inferred from the child's judgments concerning which operations did or did not produce a promised increment in his collection of candies. In comparison to the Standard tests, the latter procedure was intended to be simpler verbally, more motivationally engaging, and more similar to the real-life situations in which children make judgments about quantity. Children performed significantly better in the Modified condition than in the Standard condition, a finding which suggests that the usual tests may not fully capture the child's understanding of number. Performance was also significantly better on tests of identity conservation than on tests of equivalence conservation. This identity-equivalence difference, however, was limited to the Standard condition; the two concepts were of equal difficulty when assessed by means of the Modified procedure.

Child Development↗
PubMed1979

Ticrynafen and hydrochlorothiazide. A double-blind study of antihypertensive properties with an open crossover.

Twenty-eight patients completed a double-blind study of the antihypertensive effects of ticrynafen compared with those of hydrochlorothiazide. The results of blood pressure reduction were comparable in the two groups. After six months, 12 patients were crossed over to ticrynafen therapy from hydrochlorothiazide. They maintained their blood pressure reduction. The most striking difference between the two groups was in the uric acid response. The uric acid level in the patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide therapy rose from a baseline of 5.9 to 7.5 mg/dL (normal range, 3.0 to 8.0 mg/dL). The uric acid level of those patients receiving ticrynafen therapy decreased from a baseline of 6.4 mg/dL to a low of 3.3 mg/dL. In view of ticrynafen's appreciable antihypertensive and uric-acid-lowering effects, it appears to be a useful new antihypertensive drug.

Adult↗