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Biomedical subjects

S A Carson

Publications and source records attributed to S A Carson.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effect of intravenous cimetidine on mucociliary transport in anesthetized dogs.

Previous studies have shown that aerosolized histamine increases tracheal mucociliary transport velocity, whereas topically administered H1-antihistamines depress mucociliary function. Using a radiolabelled tracer method in anesthetized dogs, we determined tracheal transport velocity (TTV) before and 30 and 60 min after intravenous administration of 150 mg of cimetidine, an H2-antihistamine. In 12 experiments, 30 and 60 min after cimetidine, mean TTV increased significantly (mean changes 5.1 +/- 1.8 and 5.7 +/- 2.6 mm/min, respectively, P less than or equal to 0.05), whereas in seven control experiments in which cimetidine was not given, mean TTV did not change over 1 h (mean change 1.1 +/- 2.5 mm/min; P greater than 0.05). However, the increase in TTV after cimetidine was not significantly different from the spontaneous change in the control animals (P greater than 0.1). These results suggest that cimetidine, unlike H1-antihistamines, does not depress and may possibly improve mucociliary transport function.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1982

Effect of iodide on mucociliary transport in anesthetized dogs.

Using a recently described tracer method, we determined tracheal transport velocity (TTV) before and after intravenous administration of 10 ml of 0.1% sodium iodide (NaI) in anesthetized dogs. In nine experiments in hydrated dogs TTV did not change significantly after NaI therapy (mean change -1.3 mm/min +/- 1.8 SEM; P greater than 0.10). In 10 experiments in dehydrated dogs TTV increased significantly after NaI therapy (mean change 6.1 mm/min +/- 2.1; P less than 0.02). In 13 control experiments in dehydrated dogs not given NaI, TTV did not change significantly (mean change 1.4 mm/min +/- 1.1; P greater than 0.2). The increase in TTV in the dehydrated dogs treated with NaI was significantly greater than the change in TTV in the dehydrated dogs not given NaI (P less than 0.025). Previous studies have shown a dehydration-induced depression of TTV which was reversed by rehydration. These findings suggest that iodides improve mucociliary transport function in the dehydrated state but not the hydrated state and that this improvement is comparable to that following rehydration.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1980

Experiences with autotransfusion during abdominal aortic aneurysm resection.

In a series of 79 elective and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm resections, the autotransfuser manufactured by the Bentley Laboratories was used in 50 patients. These 50 patients, in whom the average amount of autotransfused blood was 1,500 cc, required a smaller number of intra- and postoperative transfusions, maintained satisfactory recovery hematocrit levels and had an essentially unchanged platelet count throughout the first 24 hours. There was no evidence of laboratory or clinical coagulopathy. The autotransfusion equipment was set up and operated by the patients' technician, and proved devoid of air embolism or clotting components. Although there are many patients whose aneurysms are easily removed and grafted and who require a small number of whole blood transfusions, there still remain operative traps and pitfalls in many patients that suggest to us that the autotransfuser is a security system, and thus it is routinely set up in all cases.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Androgen replacement therapy in women: myths and realities.

In recent years, much attention has been directed at the potential of androgen replacement in the menopausal woman. Testosterone (T) replacement, in various forms, is widely used. However, evidence is lacking for a profound T deficiency state with natural menopause. Data confirming efficacy are also scant, and side effects have been demonstrated with prolonged therapy. The adrenal androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), also in contradistinction to T, decline substantially with age. Preliminary studies involving replacement of physiologic levels of DHEA have demonstrated some potential benefits: enhancement of the immune system and enhancement of the growth hormone axis. However, long-term trials have not been performed to date, so this modality of androgen replacement remains in the realm of clinical investigation. Ovarian and adrenal androgen replacement in menopausal women, while theoretically appealing, remains imperfect to date and should be used judiciously, if at all.

Adrenal Glands↗