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Biomedical subjects

S A Awad

Publications and source records attributed to S A Awad.

58 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Distribution of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in human urinary bladder.

1 The distribution of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in isolated preparations of human bladder neck and detrusor muscle has been studied.2 Adrenaline caused contraction of the bladder neck which was blocked by phenoxybenzamine but unaltered by propranolol.3 Isoprenaline caused relaxation of the bladder neck which was blocked by propranolol. High concentrations caused contraction which was enhanced by propranolol but blocked by phenoxybenzamine.4 Detrusor muscle was relaxed by isoprenaline and this effect was blocked by propranolol. Phenylephrine caused relaxation of detrusor which was unaffected by phenoxybenzamine; in some cases contraction was produced in the presence of propranolol.5 It is concluded that the bladder neck contains mainly alpha-receptors and the detrusor mainly beta-receptors but both regions posses both types of adrenoceptor.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selective transsacral nerve root blocks.

This study compares the effectiveness and extent of spread of two different volumes, 1 ml and 2 ml, of a local anesthetic/radiopaque dye combination (referred to here as the injectate) in selective sacral nerve root blocks. With 1 ml of injectate, a selective sacral nerve root block was obtained in seven of nine patients, and with 2 ml of injectate, in eight of nine patients, as measured by urodynamic testing or scoring of pain relief. The three patients who did not have a successful block in this study were effectively blocked at another sacral nerve on a later date (outside of the study) when injected with 1 ml of injectate. The group that received 2 ml of injectate had significantly larger spread of injectate than the 1 ml group. One milliliter of injectate can produce a selective sacral nerve root block. Increasing the volume of injectate increases the spread and thus the possibility of involving other nerve roots. This could then cause difficulty in the interpretation of the results of the block.

Adult↗