Biomedical subjects

Roland Ellis

Publications and source records attributed to Roland Ellis.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and gestational alcohol exposure: an exploratory study.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To explore association between prevalence of ADHD and levels of risk for gestational alcohol exposure, the authors reviewed the charts of 2,231 youth referred for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Participants were categorized into four groups by different levels of risk for gestational alcohol exposure. For each group, the prevalence rates of ADHD and other selected disorders were determined. RESULTS: The disorder ranking first in overall prevalence was ADHD (41%), followed by learning disorder (17%) and oppositional-defiant/conduct disorder (16%). Prevalence rates of ADHD across the groups generally were high risk > some risk > unknown risk > no risk. CONCLUSION: The frequency distribution of ADHD cases was according to the levels of risk for gestational alcohol exposure. These results add to a growing body of evidence supporting an association between ADHD and prenatal alcohol exposure. Findings need to be confirmed by definitive studies on ADHD and gestational alcohol exposure.

Alcoholism↗

PubMed2003

Web-based classroom data collection in ADHD: a best practices case study.

BACKGROUND: Best practices research identifies and disseminates effective clinical strategies developed and refined by clinicians for their practices. As opposed to the content of health care, medical students and residents are typically not trained in the process of its provision. This paper illustrates a best practices approach to development of a Web-based classroom data collection method to improve medication management in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVES: 1) To increase Primary Care Physician (PCP) awareness of the process of best practices research, and; 2) to highlight the use of the World Wide Web as a tool for integration of care of children with ADHD. METHODS: Based on the review of a large national study in ADHD, the key ingredients for the best pharmacotherapy practices were identified. The lessons from the literature were adapted for local practice using the framework and steps for best practices outlined by Mold and Gregory. A conceptual model of managing information provided by parents/caregivers and teachers to PCPs was developed. Several steps were identified, including Web-based classroom behavioral data collection by a care manager and feedback reports to PCPs from a child psychiatrist based on the data collected. This model is currently being tested. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary experience suggests that a best practices approach has potential applications to a variety of primary care settings in South Dakota. We encourage PCPs to consider best practice strategies for their own practices. The practice-based research network (Rush Net) being developed by the Center for Rural Health Improvement of the University of South Dakota School of Medicine's Department of Family Medicine can be helpful in this regard.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acceptability of a Web-based attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder scale (T-SKAMP) by teachers: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that physicians obtain information directly from teachers or other school professionals as a part of the periodic assessment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This can be difficult for physicians, however, and despite the guideline, treatment decisions are often made without this key information. Hence, alternative means of obtaining data need to be considered. One alternative is using a Web-based instrument as described in this paper. PURPOSE: This pilot, qualitative study examined teacher acceptability of a Web-based version of an ADHD rating scale known as Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn and Pelham Scale-Teacher Version (T-SKAMP) for weekly monitoring of ADHD-impaired children relative to paper-based scales. METHODS: Following a 2-month clinical trial using the Web-based T-SKAMP, we conducted a qualitative semi-structured interview known as the Teacher Preference Interview (TPI) to 19 teachers. RESULTS: Seventeen of 19 teachers (89.5%) rated Web-based T-SKAMP to be easier, shorter, simpler, and more informative than paper-based scales. They further perceived this Web-based scale to be a time saver (both long and short term) and more flexible, efficient, and effective to use than paper-based scales. CONCLUSIONS: Teachers participating in this pilot study generally preferred a Web-based mechanism of relaying classroom behavioral data on ADHD-impaired children. Web-based T-SKAMP was found to be efficient and effective, and has the potential to improve communication between teachers and physicians. Enhanced communication and cooperation can facilitate increased adherence to established ADHD management guidelines and ultimately benefit affected children.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗