Know staff's "intent to stay".
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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Biomedical subjects
Richard A Zeller
Publications and source records attributed to Richard A Zeller.
The relevance of standards of professional school nursing practice.
This descriptive correlational study assessed school nurses' knowledge of and perceived relevance of the Standards of Professional School Nursing Practice. Of the 1,162 Ohio school nurses sent questionnaires, 345 returned usable questionnaires (30%). The typical respondent was a 50-year-old Caucasian woman with 24 years of nursing experience, 12 years of school nursing experience, and a caseload of 3 public schools serving 1,500 students. Factors that positively related to the school nurses' knowledge and perceptions of the relevance of the standards were age, advanced degree preparation, school nursing experience, and practicing in a metropolitan area. Factors that negatively related to knowledge and perceived relevance were practicing in a rural area and caseload of special needs students. Standards of practice provide a mechanism for defining and supporting practice roles for nurses. Thus, it is important to increase awareness and use of the standards, especially among school nurses practicing in rural areas.
Adult↗
Health promotion and cardiovascular health in adult monozygotic twins.
PURPOSE: To describe relationships among cardiovascular health indicators and health-promoting behaviors in adult monozygotic (MZ) twins. DESIGN: The descriptive, correlational design with a convenience sample of adult twins (77 twin pairs, or N = 154) obtained during a public conference held in the Midwestern United States. METHODS: Bivariate correlational analyses with twins as their own controls and with each twin pair. This double-entry approach allowed for the creation of a symmetrical scatterplot of twin characteristics and accounted for the genuine effects of outliers. Relationships were examined among cardiovascular health indicators (systolic and diastolic blood pressures, body mass indices, serum lipids) and health-promoting behaviors. FINDINGS: Thirteen intermeasure correlations for cardiovascular indicators were significant, and 74% of the variance in the cardiovascular health indicators was shared within each twin pair, thus indicating evidence of common behavioral and genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS: Both behavioral and genetic factors contributed to cardiovascular health in adult MZ twins who shared close familial and environmental ties. This finding is consistent with previous literature identifying behavioral and genetic effects on the development of cardiovascular disease.
Adult↗
Minimizing sample size when using exploratory factor analysis for measurement.
Traditional protocol for the determination of an adequate sample size is power analysis. Such a protocol is not useful when the primary hypothesis focuses on psychometric measurement properties. Traditional psychometrics advises that there should be 10 respondents per item. Both hypothetical and real research examples illustrate the usefulness of subsample analysis in determining that a sample size of at least 50 and not more than 100 subjects is adequate to represent and evaluate the psychometric properties of measures of social constructs. The "10 respondents per item" advice builds a sample size disincentive into the research design; it also represents "sample size overkill." Sample-size overkill occurs when the research design specifies a number of cases needed, which is in excess of the number actually needed for a desired inference.
Computer Simulation↗
Tailored interventions to enhance osteoporosis prevention in women.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if tailored nursing interventions based on personal knowledge of bone mineral density from a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry cause increases in knowledge of osteoporosis, health beliefs, or osteoporosis-prevention behaviors in postmenopausal women 50-65 years of age, 6 months after the intervention. METHOD: The design for this pilot study was a two group quasi-experimental design. The treatment group received a tailored intervention; the control group did not. Outcome data were gathered at 6 months after dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The tailored intervention was designed and given to each woman via telephone using her dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry results and osteoporosis questionnaire data that addressed her knowledge of osteoporosis and osteoporosis-prevention behaviors of calcium intake, exercise, smoking, and alcohol use. A written mailed copy of the intervention followed the telephone interview. Six months after the intervention, the women were mailed another osteoporosis questionnaire to determine if the tailored intervention made a difference in the outcome variables. SAMPLE: A total 124 women between the ages of 50 and 65 (101 control, 23 treatment) comprised the sample. RESULTS: There was no difference in knowledge between groups. On the average, there were significantly more perceived barriers to calcium in the tailored group (mean = 13.48) than in the nontailored group (mean = 11.55) (t = 2.147; df = 122; p = .034). There were significantly more perceived barriers to exercise in the tailored group (mean = 14.39) than in the nontailored group (mean = 12.21) (t = .144; df = 122; p = .034). Daily calcium intake increased in both the tailored and the nontailored groups. The tailored intervention increased women's daily calcium intake from 614.28 to 1039.10 mg (t = -2.896; df = 22; p = .008). The nontailored group daily calcium intake increased from 587.91 to 916.30 mg (t = -3.541; df = 100; p = .001); there was no significant difference between the groups. Weight-bearing exercise behaviors decreased from 96.04 minutes to 59.2 minutes in the tailored group but increased slightly in the nontailored group from 81.47 to 87.26 minutes of exercise. CONCLUSION: Tailored interventions increased women's perceived barriers to calcium and exercise. Both groups increased calcium intake. The mixed findings of increased perception of barriers to calcium and exercise and decreased exercise behaviors indicate the need for further study. This important intervention has implications for orthopaedic nurses and healthcare professionals involved in health promotion and prevention of osteoporosis.
Aged↗