[Benzodiazepines as pharmacotherapeutic possibility in the treatment of panic disorders].
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Alprazolam↗
Biomedical subjects
R van Dyck
Publications and source records attributed to R van Dyck.
Hypnosis and autogenic training in the treatment of tension headaches: a two-phase constructive design study with follow-up.
Tension headaches can form a chronic (very long duration) condition. EMG biofeedback, relaxation training and analgesia by hypnotic suggestion can reduce the pain. So far, no differences have been demonstrated between the effects of various psychological treatments. In a constructively designed study, we firstly compared an abbreviated form of autogenic training to a form of hypnotherapy (future oriented hypnotic imagery) which was not presented as hypnosis and secondly we compared both treatments to the same future oriented hypnotic imagery, but this time explicitly presented as hypnosis. The three treatments were equally effective at post-treatment, but after a 6-month follow-up period, the future oriented hypnotic imagery which had been explicitly presented as hypnosis was superior to autogenic training. Contrary to common belief, it could be demonstrated that the therapists were as effective with the treatment modality they preferred as with the treatment modality they felt to be less remedial.
Adult↗
The function of agoraphobia in the marital relationship.
A secondary analysis was carried out of data from a previous experiment on the treatment of agoraphobia. This analysis shows that, contrary to some reports in the literature, agoraphobics do have more problems in the relationship with their partner than the average members of the normal population. The analysis also shows that individual-oriented behavioural treatment of the agoraphobia significantly improves the marital relationship. The findings contradict the theory that agoraphobia serves a function in the relationship with the partner.
Adult↗
Spouse-aided therapy with agoraphobics.
Sixty agoraphobics were treated by behavioural therapy (self-exposure in vivo) either with their partner involved in all aspects of treatment or without their partner. The two treatment formats were about equally effective. Behavioural treatment directed at the agoraphobia resulted in improvement irrespective of marital quality and partner involvement in the therapy. The effects of treatment led neither to a deterioration of the marriage nor to adjustment problems in the partner. Avoidance behaviour, intropunitivity and overprotection were found to predict treatment response. The partners of agoraphobics were not found to have psychological problems themselves.
Adult↗
[Agoraphobia and (or) depression?].
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Agoraphobia↗
[The use of hypnosis in medicine].
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Adolescent↗
Epinephrine-induced panic attacks and hyperventilation.
To assess the effects of epinephrine on ventilation in patients with panic disorder and in social phobics, analyses were performed on pooled data from two previous infusion studies. Throughout the infusion, changes in transcutaneous PCO2 (tcPCO2), subjective anxiety, heart rate and blood pressure were recorded continuously. Twenty-nine patients received epinephrine, ten patients received placebo. Thirteen patients (45%) had a panic attack during epinephrine. The fall in tcPCO2 and the cardiovascular response was greater in panicking patients than patients who did not panic. Although the fall in tcPCO2 associated with panic was not substantial and did not indicate clinically significant acute hyperventilation, it appears to be a sensitive index for epinephrine-induced panic. The fall in tcPCO2 was predicted rather by the frequency of occurrence of anxiety-related somatic symptoms than by the fear of these symptoms. These findings further reduce a role for fear of bodily sensations in epinephrine-induced panic attacks and favor a biological sensitivity to sympathetic stimulation.
Adult↗
Cognitive therapy by allocation versus cognitive therapy by preference in the treatment of panic disorder.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the influence of preference for a given therapy or preference against a modality of treatment on the outcome of that treatment. Results so far have been conflicting. The primary aim of this study was to investigate possible differences in outcome between panic disorder patients treated with preferred cognitive therapy and patients treated by randomization with the same intervention. METHODS: A 12-week study comparing 35 patients treated by allocation with 31 patients treated by preference. RESULTS: There were no differences at pretest between the two conditions on demographic or outcome measures. Outcome was assessed with measurements rating the panic frequency and severity of agoraphobia, general anxiety and depression. Both conditions improved significantly on nearly all ratings. There were no significant differences demonstrable between the two conditions on any of the outcome measures. CONCLUSION: Preference for a given therapy is not a powerful moderator of effect in the psychological treatment of panic disorder.
Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗