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Biomedical subjects

R Ziegler

Publications and source records attributed to R Ziegler.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources

Distribution of excitation energy among photosystem I and photosystem II in red algae. I. Action spectra of light reactions I and II.

Action spectra of light reaction I and light reaction II from red algae (marine members of Florideae and Bangiales) were measured with 550 nm (light 2) or 699 nm light 1) background light, using a Teflon-covered platinum electrode for O2 measurement. Care was taken to ensure that maximum enhancement was reached by the background light. The action spectra of light reaction I, we found under these conditions, are very similar to the thallus absorption, whilst the action spectra of light reaction II show, besides strong bands of the phycobilins, only minor bands of chlorophyll a, which account for only 10-20% of the total chlorophyll. The spectra are discussed on the basis of two main types of models of energy distribution over both photosynthetic systems. If this distrubution is considered to be invariable (models 1a and b), one has to assume that almost exactly half of the total chlorphyll is not involved in the supply of the non-cyclic electron transport with excitation energy. This part, however, has to be thought of as incorporated in the thylakoid membrane in a similar manner to the chlorophyll in photosystem I. However, if one supposes an almost complete equilibration in the energy distribution over both systems as long as the primary absorption in photosystem II prevails (models 2a and b), there is no need for the assumption of such photosynthetically 'inactive' or less active chlorophyll. Some evidence is shown that strongly supports model 2.

Chlorophyll↗

Calcitonin and exocrine pancreatic secretion in man: inhibition of enzymes stimulated by CCK-pancreozymin, caerulein, or calcium--no response to vagal stimulation.

The effect of calcitonin on human pancreatic secretion was studied under various conditions of stimulation. During administration of both secretin plus cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) or secretin plus caerulein, enzyme secretion was promptly reduced by an infusion of calcitonin of more than 50%. In contrast, vagally stimulated enzyme secretion induced by insulin-hypoglycaemia or carbamyl-choline was not altered against a background infusion of calcitonin in comparison with control experiments. Calcium-induced enzyme secretion was abolished by additional calcitonin infusion which also prevented an increase in serum calcium. On the other hand, additional high grade calcium infusion did not modify the inhibitory action of calcitonin on enzyme output stimulated by secretin and CCK-PZ. Secretion of fluids and bicarbonate remained unaffected by calcitonin in all experimental conditions, whereas the outputs of calcium and magnesium paralleled generally the changes in enzymes. It is suggested that calcitonin interferes with hormonemediated stimulation of the acinar cells without influencing cholinergic mechanisms. The inhibitory action of calcitonin on enzyme secretion does not appear to be mediated by a depletion of extracellular calcium in the pancreatic tissue by calcitonin.

Adult↗

[Histomorphometric studies on the influence of long-term calcitonin therapy on osteodystrophia deformans Paget].

Bone alterations in Paget's disease, have been studied by histomorphometrical evaluation iliac creat bone biopsies before and after long-term treatment with human ans salmon calcitonin. Therapeutic effect was controlled from 12, up to 48 months. All-together 28 bone biopsies were taken from 9 patients (aged 46 to 71 years) with Paget's disease of their os ileum. The biopsies were prepared for histological examination without previous decalcification, cut, stained and quantitatively analysed at the light microscopic level. By means of a point counting method we determined the parameters of bone structure, bone formation and bone resorption. Before therapy was started, trabecular bone alterations could be observed which were typical for Paget's disease of bone as there were bulky trabeculare, increased remodelling surfaces and giant osteoclasts. Following treatment with calcitonin a dramatic reduction of bone remodelling surfaces and a normalization of bone structure occurs. Considering our previous electon microscopy findings, a reduction of the number of osteoclasts as well as their nuclear content, might be explained by an inhibitory effect of calcitonin on cell fusion of osteoclastic precursor cells. In 2 cases, an interruption or hormonal treatment of 5 to 12 months, presented no risk of losing the therapeutic effect.

Aged↗

A method for galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase assay and the separation of its isozymes by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography.

A simplified radioactive assay for galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.12) using a small DEAE-cellulose column for the identification of the endproduct (uridine diphosphate galactose) is described. The enzyme activities in red blood cell hemolysates of normal subjects are in the range of 24 to 33 (average 30.3) mumol UDPgalactose produced per g hemoglobin per h and in fibroblasts 0.39 and 1.39 (average 0.71) nmol per mg protein per min. Furthermore, different isozymes of red blood cell galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase were separated on DEAE-cellulose columns. In the case of a normal genotype, most of the enzyme activity is eluted at the earlier fractions with the low molar phosphate buffer, whereas the Duarte variant appeared at later fractions with higher molar phosphate buffer.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗

[HGH secretion after oral application of L-dopa and L-carbidopa (author's transl)].

The stimulatory effect of L-Dopa and L-Carbidopa (Nacom) on HGH secretion was determined in 12 children of normal height aged from 6 to 14 years. Each child received a standard dose of 250 mg L-Dopa and 25 mg L-Carbidopa p.o. HGH concentration in the serum was determined at standard intervals. All subjects showed a sufficient increase of HGH. The mean value was 19.6 ng/ml. According to the maximum values of the HGH concentration the sample can be divided into two groups; the first group reached the highest values after 20--40 min, the second one after 60--90 min. On evaluation of the curve of the mean values it appears that 2 blood samples taken 40 and 90 min after the ingestion of L-Dopa and L-Carbidopa are sufficient in order to exclude HGH deficiency. The theoretical background for HGH secretion after stimulation by L-Dopa and L-Carbidopa is discussed.

Administration, Oral↗