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Biomedical subjects

R Ziegler

Publications and source records attributed to R Ziegler.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Diagnostic procedure before reoperation in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Elevated calcitonin (CT) levels after primary operation of the medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are a reliable marker for persistence or recurrence of MTC, which first metastasizes in the neck or mediastinal region. The reliability of different localisation methods before reoperation in 28 patients with elevated CT levels was tested by comparing their diagnostic results with the actual finding at reoperation. The diagnostic procedures comprised ultrasonography of the neck, CAT-scan of the neck and mediastinum, selective venous catheterization with CT determinations, and fine needle biopsy. Due to the results of these tests 28 patients were reoperated 48 times. Histological evidence confirmed the presence of suspected tumor that had been diagnosed by: palpation 52%, ultrasonography 78%, CAT-scan 70%, selective venous catheterization 75%, fine needle biopsy 81%. Despite the fact that only 2 out of the 28 patients had normal CT levels postoperatively, the 5 year survival rate in reoperated patients (86%) improved compared to patients without reintervention (69%). For precise preoperative staging ultrasonography seems to be the most predictable and reliable method. The prognosis of MTC patients with elevated CT-levels in the follow-up period could be improved by frequent reoperations.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Aspartylglucosaminuria. Clinical description of 2 German patients].

Aspartylglucosaminuria was diagnosed for the first time in two german patients. First sign of the disease was retardation of speech at the age of two years. Later on, motor and mental retardation as well as a coarse face developed. Radiological examination revealed progressive changes of the thoracic and lumbar spine with wedge-shaped vertebral bodies as well as stubby metacarpalia and cystic changes of carpalia. Coarse face developed earlier than in the finnish patients described earlier. Thin cortex of long bones and cortical thickness of metacarpalia was not found in our patients.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment strategies for parathyroid neoplasms].

Parathyroid carcinoma, as a malignant tumour of an endocrine gland, is a rare entity. This causes difficulties in the diagnosis as well in the therapeutic approach. Some clinical courses of this malignant disease are demonstrated. The therapeutic options--surgically and medically--are reported and analysed.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

[Extraosseous calcification in juvenile dermatomyositis. The ineffectiveness of EHDP].

A now 20-year-old man was first diagnosed as having dermatomyositis when aged 12 years. At that time he had muscular weakness and heart failure followed a year later by heterotopic calcifications. For over seven years he was treated with corticoids, at times also with azathioprine or methotrexate. Nonetheless the calcifications progressed. Because of the extensive calcifications, predominantly of the extremities, he is severely disabled and has been confined to a wheel-chair. For one year he was treated with EHDP (1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate), up to 16 mg/dl per day. In addition he received prednisolone (10 mg/d) and azathioprine (100 mg/d). But radiologically there has been further slight progression of the calcifications, indicating that EHDP has been ineffective in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Evidence in liver for a disulphide-linked scavenger receptor containing a binding site for acetylated low-density lipoprotein and maleylated bovine serum albumin.

Membranes from rat liver were analysed under reducing conditions. The components of the soluble membranes responsible for the binding of acetylated low density lipoprotein (acetyl-LDL) and maleylated bovine serum albumin (Mal-BSA) were chromatographed on a polyethyleneimine-cellulose column and subsequently separated by gel electrophoresis. For both ligands a major binding protein (Mr = 35,000) was revealed by ligand blotting. A minor protein (Mr greater than 67,000) exhibited little binding. The Scatchard plot of the 131I-Mal-BSA binding data of the 35 kDa protein was linear, with a Kd of 17.3 nM. High concentrations of acetyl-LDL competed for half of the 131I-Mal-BSA binding. Excessive Mal-BSA competed for all the visible acetyl-LDL binding. The findings indicate the existence, in the reduced hepatic membrane, of a 35 kDa protein that has two binding sites for 131I-Mal-BSA and one binding site for acetyl-LDL.

Albumins↗
PubMed1988

Atrial natriuretic factor inhibits norepinephrine release in an adrenergic clonal cell line (PC12).

Evidence for a presynaptic neuromodulatory effect of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) has been obtained in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC12), a clonal line that differentiates into adrenergic neuron-like cells when treated with nerve growth factor. ANF had no effect on basal norepinephrine (NE) release. In contrast, ANF markedly and significantly inhibited carbachol-induced NE release in a concentration-dependent manner. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that ANF may be an inhibitory neuromodulator.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Enhanced suppression of 1,25(OH)2D3 and intact parathyroid hormone in Graves' disease as compared to toxic nodular goiter.

1.25(OH)2D3, 25OHD3, and intact parathyroid hormone, as well as various parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism were measured in 38 patients with Graves' disease (GD) and in 24 patients with toxic nodular goiter (TNG). Plasma 1.25(OH)2D3 levels were lower in GD patients (82 +/- 29 pmol/liter) than in those with TNG (155 +/- 32 pmol/liter) (P less than 0.0005). The mean value of 1.25(OH)2D3 in 45 controls was intermediate between the two groups of patients (140 +/- 41) and the difference was statistically significant. GD patients before and after treatment had higher alkaline phosphatase (P less than 0.05), lower intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P less than 0.05), and lower 1.25(OH)2D3 levels (P less than 0.0005 in the hyperthyroid and P less than 0.01 in the euthyroid state) than TNG patients. We conclude that increased skeletal calcium resorption is due to elevated levels of T3 causing suppression of 1.25(OH)2D3 production and of PTH levels in both groups of patients albeit of different degrees. Furthermore, we postulate that the profound suppression of 1.25(OH)2D3 in GD is secondary to an immune-mediated phenomenon.

Calcitriol↗
PubMed1988

Down-regulation of calcitonin receptors in T47D cells by internalization of calcitonin-receptor complexes.

T47D cells possess specific calcitonin (CT) receptors and a CT-responsive adenylate cyclase. Internalization of part of their CT receptors has been suggested. At 37 degrees C, bound 125I-labelled salmon CT (sCT) becomes increasingly resistant to acid washing, which can remove surface-bound hormone, thus indicating internalization. Monensin and chloroquine, which raise the pH of the lysosomes and thereby inhibit cellular processing of endosomes, inhibit the decrease of total bound activity seen in the controls. Acid-resistant (internalized) activity increases to the levels of total binding. Preincubation with sCT leads to a loss of specific binding. Recovery of CT binding is prevented by monensin, which also inhibits transport of cellular proteins to the cell membrane. Recovery is not influenced by chloroquine. As chloroquine prevents recycling, we conclude that after binding of CT the receptors are internalized, transferred to a lysosomal compartment, and degraded intracellularly without recycling. All receptors seem to undergo internalization. Desensitization to CT in T47D cells is at least partly mediated by intracellular metabolism of CT receptors.

Chloroquine↗
PubMed1988

Plasma concentration-response relationships for some cardiovascular effects of dihydropyridines in healthy subjects.

The pharmacokinetics and some hemodynamic effects of three dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers were studied in healthy subjects. In a randomized order, each subject was given 24 micrograms/kg nifedipine, 40 micrograms/kg nitrendipine, or 10 micrograms/kg nisoldipine intravenously. The three DHPs differed as to their total clearance and volume of distribution (nifedipine less than nisoldipine less than nitrendipine) but showed similar values for elimination half-lives. All three drugs evoked increases in heart rate and forearm blood flow (FBF) and small decreases in blood pressure. Whereas the observed peak changes in heart rate were virtually identical for the three drugs (about 45% above baseline), the peak changes in FBF were more pronounced in response to nitrendipine and nisoldipine (greater than 200% above baseline) than in response to nifedipine (79% above baseline). The heart rate and FBF responses to the DHPs were related directly to the drug concentrations in plasma. The plasma level-response curves obeyed Hill's equation. They showed that the DHPs differ mainly in their potencies at dilating the forearm resistance vessels (nifedipine less than nitrendipine less than nisoldipine).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Skeletal changes in 2 German children with aspartylglycosaminuria].

Two sibs showed delayed speech development, motor retardation and coarsening of their features during their second year of life. Radiological examination of the skeleton showed changes of dysostosis multiplex. Both children showed storage vacuoles in peripheral lymphocytes and a typical oligosaccharide-banded pattern on urinary chromatography. The diagnosis of aspartylglycosaminuria was confirmed by the demonstration of reduced activity of the enzyme aspartylglucosaminidase in leukocytes and in cultured fibroblasts. Treatment of this autosomal recessive inherited glycoprotein storage disease is not possible. Early recognition is important for genetic counselling of the family. This paper describes the first recognised cases in German literature.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1988

Enhanced calcitonin secretion in the rat after parathyroidectomy and during chronic calcium deprivation.

The thyroidal content of calcitonin (CT) and the serum calcitonin responses to acute hypercalcaemia were studied in female rats during chronic hypocalcaemia induced by parathyroidectomy (PTX), a low calcium (Ca) diet, or both. The thyroidal CT content of the PTX animals 50 days after surgery was twice that of intact rats. An acute intraperitoneal (i.p.) calcium load on day 50 after PTX resulted in an increase in serum CT twice as large as that observed in control animals. Reversal of the chronic hypocalcaemia with 1,25(OH)2D3 resulted in a reduction in thyroidal CT as well as a depression of the calcium-induced CT response. In each case the values were similar to those observed in normocalcaemic controls. A low calcium diet increased the thyroidal CT content in intact rats and induced a further increase in PTX rats. The CT response to an acute Ca load was exaggerated by a low calcium diet in intact as well as in PTX rats. These results suggest that in the rat chronic hypocalcaemia enhances CT storage and secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A newly developed spine deformity index (SDI) to quantitate vertebral crush fractures in patients with osteoporosis.

The available methods to quantitate vertebral deformity in osteoporotics are not satisfactory in comparing follow-up measurements in patients. This paper describes a newly developed 'spine deformity index' (SDI) which allows the quantitation of the extent of vertebral fractures. It is based on the observation that, in 110 normal persons, the heights of all vertebral bodies were related to each other in a predictable and constant manner. This relation was independent of the body height of the individual and was preserved despite growth acceleration during the last century. Since in all but one of our osteoporotic patients the 4th thoracic vertebra was unfractured we were able to compare the actual size of their fractured vertebrae to the calculated presumable original heights. The differences between presumable original and actual heights gave a measure of the extent of vertebral compression and allowed to define an index representing the sum of all spinal fractures in osteoporotics. The method was applied retrospectively to X-rays of 39 patients with idiopathic osteoporosis. Thirty-two of them were treated orally with 80 mg sodium fluoride, 1,000 mg calcium and 3000 IE vitamin D daily. Treatment resulted in a reduction of the progression of vertebral deformity. Seven inadequately treated patients had more pronounced progression of vertebral deformity.

Adult↗