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Biomedical subjects

R Yoshimura

Publications and source records attributed to R Yoshimura.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparative studies on the expression of gastrointestinal-cancer-associated antigen, PA8-15, CA19-9 and the blood-group antigens in non-malignant and malignant human pancreatic tissues.

The expression of PA8-15 antigen and the blood-group-related antigens A, B, O, Le(a), Le(b), Le(x), and Le(y), as well as CA19-9, were examined in the normal pancreas and in specimens from benign and malignant pancreatic tissue by the avidin-biotin-immunoperoxidase technique. A correlation was found between the expression of PA8-15, Le(a), and CA19-9 in some cases. However, in the cancer tissues in which neither Le(a) nor CA19-9 could be demonstrated, strong expression of PA8-15 was observed. The reactivity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) PA8-15 with pancreatic cancer tissue was not inhibited by the preincubation of the sections with the mAb anti-Le(a) (CO514) and mAb CA19-9 (CO19-9) indicating that the epitope recognized by PA8-15 is different from that detected by the other two antibodies. Moreover, unlike Le(a) and CA19-9, PA8-15 was also expressed in cancer cells of patients of the Le(a-b-) type. The results suggest that mAb PA8-15 recognizes a sialylated molecule related to Le(a) but different from CA19-9, and seems to be an additional useful marker for pancreatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Purification and characterization of two forms of fatty acid omega-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 from rabbit kidney cortex microsomes.

We have previously reported the isolation of two forms of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) with omega-hydroxylase activities toward prostaglandin A (PGA) and fatty acids, designated as P-450ka-1 and P-450ka-2, from kidney cortex microsomes of rabbits treated with di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate [Kusunose, E. et al. (1989) J. Biochem. 106, 194-196]. In the present work, we have purified and characterized two additional forms of rabbit kidney fatty acid omega-hydroxylase, designated as P-450kc and P-450kd. The purified P-450kc and P-450kd had specific contents of 13 and 16 nmol of P-450/mg of protein, with apparent molecular weights of 52,000 and 55,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), respectively. Both the forms showed absorption maxima at 450 nm in the carbon monoxide-difference spectra for their reduced forms. These P-450s efficiently catalyzed the omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation of fatty acids such as caprate, laurate, myristate, and palmitate, in a reconstituted system containing P-450, NADPH-P-450 reductase, and phosphatidylcholine. Cytochrome b5 stimulated the reactions to only a slight extent. They had no detectable activity toward PGA and several xenobiotics tested. The two P-450s showed different peptide map patterns after limited proteolysis with papain or Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Bilaterally persistent sciatic arteries.

A very rare developmental anomaly showing bilaterally persistent sciatic arteries was found in a cadaver of 89 year old female. Both right and left sciatic arteries arose from the internal iliac arteries and appeared between the piriformis and superior gemellus muscles at the buttock, being about 10 mm in diameter. Each artery, which accompanied by the companion vein, i.e. sciatic vein, sent the branches to the gluteus maximus and the flexor muscles of thigh. On the other hand, the femoral arteries of both lower limbs were smaller than usual, measuring 4.7 mm in left and 5.2 mm in right. The terminal vessels of those were joined to the sciatic arteries at the popliteal fossa. In addition, the present case also had another developmental anomaly, i.e. superficial brachial artery in the right upper limb.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Detection of endotoxin antibody in long-term dialysis patients.

Endotoxins are often seen in dialysate. They are derived from Gram-negative bacteria especially Pseudomonas, E. coli and Serratia. Endotoxins are large-molecular-weight substances with an average molecular weight of 10(8). These large units can be divided into subunits down to a molecular weight of 10,000 which are thought to pass through dialyzer membranes. To investigate this, endotoxin antibody levels were measured in two groups of patients on chronic regular hemodialysis, a low-flux group using cellulosic membrane dialyzers (cuprophan and cuproammonium rayon (CAR) and a high-flux group using synthetic polymer membrane dialyzers (PMMA, EVAL). Using an ELISA based on standard endotoxin antibodies the percentages of patients in the low flux group with endotoxin antibodies were 26.9% with Cuprophan and 25% with CAR, not significantly different from a normal control group. In the PMMA and EVAL groups, it was 53.6% and 68.4% respectively. Back filtration of dialysate into blood is understood as the main reason for the entry of endotoxin in patients treated with high-flux dialyzers.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemistry of human gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigen detected by monoclonal antibody PA 8-15.

A murine monoclonal antibody (MAb), PA 8-15, was produced against a newly established human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, SUIT-2. With the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique, PA 8-15 MAb reacted strongly with 27 of 28 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues. All six gall bladder carcinomas and all nine biliary tract carcinomas also showed positive reactions. In addition, PA 8-15 MAb reacted with gastric carcinomas (6/10), colorectal carcinomas (7/11), and some other primary adenocarcinomas. The distribution of PA 8-15 antigen on the same tissues of pancreatic cancer was different from those of CA 19-9 and DU-PAN-2 antigens and CEA. PA 8-15 MAb stained only the epithelium of the pancreatic duct, gall bladder and bile duct in normal adult tissues, and some normal fetal glandular epithelial cells. However, PA 8-15 MAb was not reactive with inflammatory or benign tumors of the digestive system except for the epithelium, as was seen in normal adults. Reactivity of PA 8-15 MAb with tissue specimens largely disappeared after treatment with neuraminidase, while oxidation with periodate or trypsin digestion did not alter the staining intensity, indicating that antigenic determinants may be at least partly of sialylated carbohydrate nature. These results suggest that PA 8-15 MAb detects a new oncofetal antigen in gastrointestinal cancers, especially of the pancreatico-biliary tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Intracavernous injection of vasoactive drugs for treating erectile impotence].

Intracavernous injection of various vasoactive drugs was performed in six erectile failure patients. The effects of each drug were evaluated in four grades: complete functional erection, incomplete functional erection, nonfunctional expansion and no effect. When papaverine hydrochloride (40 mg/ml) was administered, 4 of the 6 patients had nonfunctional expansion. By administering a mixture of 80 mg/ml papaverine hydrochloride with 1.0 mg/ml phentolamine mesylate, nonfunctional expansion was seen in four patients and incomplete functional erection in two patients. As for the effects of prostaglandin E1, incomplete functional erections were seen in all patients, while complete functional erection was seen in two patients. These findings indicated that the patients reacted differently to the same vasoactive drug, and that the papaverine and phentolamine mixture had a stronger effect than papaverine alone, while prostaglandin E1 had the strongest effect on erection. Intracavernous injection of the these drugs is useful for the treatment and differential diagnosis of impotence.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Spontaneous peripelvic extravasation: a case report].

A case of spontaneous peripelvic extravasation is reported and discussed. A 41-year-old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of right flank pain. There was tenderness on the right side of the abdomen. Enhanced computed tomographic scan of the kidney showed peripelvic extravasation of right kidney. Single J ureteral catheter was inserted for 7 days. The excretory urogram obtained after its removal showed no extravasation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pelvio-ureteral tumor 5 years after uretero-cutaneostomy].

A 70-year-old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of intermittent gross hematuria from right ureterocutaneostoma. She had received total cystectomy and bilateral ureterocutaneostomy because of bladder tumor (transitional cell carcinoma, grade 3, stage T2) 5 years earlier. Urine cytology showed transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). The right retrograde pyelogram showed shadow defects of right pelvis and upper ureter, computed tomographic scan showed fatty density mass of right pelvis. Preoperative diagnosis was right pelvic and ureteral tumors. Right nephroureterectomy was performed on May 26, 1986. Histology revealed TCC, grade 3 on the pelvis and upper ureter. Cases of pelvio-ureteral tumors of ureterocutaneostomy were collected from the literature and reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Comparative effectiveness of the tumour diagnostics, CA 19-9, CA 125 and carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with diseases of the digestive system.

Serum concentrations of CA 19-9, CA 125 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 145 patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas and 89 with non-neoplastic diseases were determined to compare the clinical usefulness of these tumour markers. Significantly fewer positive cases were obtained with serum CA 19-9 (9%) and CA 125 (8%) tests than the CEA test (22%) (both p less than 0.05) in patients with benign diseases, while comparable sensitivities were achieved with the CA 19-9 (44%) test, the CA 125 (41%) test and the CEA test (47%) in those with a carcinoma. High incidences of raised concentrations of serum CA 19-9 and CA 125 were observed in case of cancer of the pancreas (CA 19-9: 87%, CA 125: 67%) and biliary tract (CA 19-9: 63%, CA 125: 48%). Combined tests of CA 19-9 and CA 125 revealed increments in the sensitivity (61%) and provided a higher specificity (87%) than that of the single CEA test (78%). These combined tests were most useful for a differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma (97% positive) and biliary tract carcinoma (74%) from chronic pancreatitis (4%) and cholelithiasis (0%), respectively. Studies on the relations of clinical staging and serum concentrations of CA 19-9 and CA 125 revealed significant rises in cases of disseminated carcinoma. These results clearly show that serum CA 19-9 and CA 125 tests are most pertinent for diagnosing advanced carcinomas of organs in the digestive system.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

[Studies of enzymuria and proteinuria: Report 1: N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in urological diseases].

N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) exists in renal tubules and seminal tract. We measured the NAG level in patients with urinary tract and seminal tract diseases and evaluated its clinical significance. The urinary NAG level was high in renal tubular function disorders such as glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy and hydronephrosis. In these patients, NAG-isoenzyme studies indicated that the A-type isoenzyme decreased while the B-type isoenzyme increased. On the other hand, in the seminal tract disease patients, the urinary NAG level was high in benign prostatic hypertrophy with a catheter indwelling and in prostatitis. Urinary and seminal NAG-isoenzymes were measured in normal subjects. The isoenzyme patterns for urinary NAG and seminal NAG differed. The urinary NAG isoenzymes were measured in acute prostatitis patients, we found that the A-type isoenzyme decreased and the B type increased. In conclusion, when the A/B ratio of the NAG-isoenzyme is close to 24.9/75.0 in the urine, the presence of urological diseases in which seminal plasma could be mixed in, especially prostatic diseases, should be suspected.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of serum CA125 values in healthy individuals and pregnant women.

CA125 is an antigenic determinant associated with human epithelial ovarian carcinoma. This study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of serum CA125 levels and the effect of smoking on these levels among healthy individuals and clarify the relation of maternal serum CA125 level and pregnancy. Among 552 healthy individuals, the distribution of serum CA125 values was demonstrated to resemble logarithmic normal distribution. Analysis of variance about age and sex revealed apparent elevation of values for women under 49 years of age in comparison with those for women over 50 years of age and men. Values for these two groups were 143 units/ml for the former and 32 units/ml for the latter, with a 99.7% confidence limit. These values exclude 99.3% of the former and 99.7% of the latter. Serum CA125 values were not affected by smoking. The measurement of serum CA125 levels in 71 pregnant women disclosed a significant elevation during the first trimester in comparison with nonpregnant women under 49 years of age. These results indicate that CA125 values must be deliberatively evaluated in young women, especially during first trimester of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clinical significance of serum CA125 values in patients with cancers of the digestive system.

A study of 347 patients with gastrointestinal diseases revealed elevation of CA125 in sera of 63% of patients with pancreatic carcinoma, 46% of patients with carcinoma of the biliary tract, 40% of patients with liver carcinoma and 11-37% of patients with other carcinomas. All of the patients with acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, and peptic ulcer had normal CA125 values, but 35% of patients with liver cirrhosis and 10% of patients with chronic active hepatitis had elevated values. Patients with disseminated carcinomas had significantly higher levels than patients with localized carcinomas. CA125 did not significantly correlate with CA19-9 or carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Ninety-seven percent of patients with pancreatic carcinoma were defined as being positive when both serum CA125 and CA19-9 were evaluated. These results indicate that CA125 is useful for differentiating pancreatic carcinoma from chronic pancreatitis, especially when supplemented with CA19-9.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Establishment of a cell line of gallbladder carcinoma (GBK-1) producing human colony stimulating factor.

A cell line designated GBK-1 was established from a patient with anaplastic carcinoma of the gallbladder, marked neutrophilia and fever, and has been propagated for the past 18 months. The cells grew as a monolayer sheet with a doubling time of 43 hr. The GBK-1 cells were of a pleomorphic polygonal epitheloid shape and they were transplantable into nude mice. Mice bearing the tumor developed marked granulocytosis. In the culture supernatant of GBK-1 cells, high colony stimulating factor (CSF) activity was evident with both human bone marrow cells and C57BL mouse bone marrow cells, and granulocytic colonies, macrophage colonies or granulocyte-macrophage mixed colonies were produced. The CSF activity was distributed in the molecular weight range of 25,000 to 60,000 with two distinct peaks at molecular weights of approximately 50,000 and 30,000. CSF activity was inactivated by heat treatment at 70 degrees for 30 min. GBK-1 is a new human cell line that produces heat-labile human GM-CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Colony-stimulating factor producing carcinoma of the gallbladder.

A patient with an anaplastic carcinoma of the gallbladder accompanied by marked neutrophilia was found to have high colony-stimulating factor (CSF) activity in the urine and serum. The supernatant of the cultured tumor cells (6th passage) showed high and specific CSF activity. These specimens induced the formation of granulocyte colonies, macrophage colonies or granulocyte-macrophage mixed colonies by both human and C57BL mouse bone marrow cells in soft agar. These results suggest that this tumor is a human granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF producing tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Myoglobin oxygenation remains constant during the cardiac cycle.

Oxygen saturation of myoglobin (Mb) during the cardiac cycle was recorded spectrophotometrically by incorporating fiber optics in the isolated rat heart perfused using the Langendorff procedure. Oxygen saturation of Mb was continuously measured from absorbancy increments at 581-592 nm of transmitted light through the left ventricular free wall. In addition, quantification in the Mb oxygen saturation induced by the change of wall thickness during cardiac cycle was assessed from the absorbance change at 568-592 nm, namely, dual wavelengths of two isosbestic points. The results show that to obtain actual Mb oxygen saturation the absorbance change induced by the change in the wall thickness has to be subtracted from the absorbance change of 581-592 nm and that the Mb oxygen saturation in a steady state determines the amount of subtraction. On the basis of these procedures, it was found that the myocardial Mb oxygen saturation and hence myocardial oxygen tension during pulsation in aerobic and anaerobic steady state did not vary during the cardiac cycle.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1982

Regional myocardial function and metabolism during acute coronary artery occlusion.

Regional changes in myocardial function and oxidative metabolism during acute coronary artery occlusion were recorded spectrophotometrically by incorporating fiber optics in the isolated rat heart perfused by Langendorff's procedure. Oxygen saturation of myoglobin, reduction of cytochrome aa3, and the dynamic wall thickness of the left ventricle were continuously and concurrently measured from absorbancy increments at 581-592 nm, 605-630 nm, and 568-592 nm, respectively. In contrast to a gradual decrease in the extent of systolic wall thickening in anoxia, observed decreases in both the extent and the duration of systolic wall thickening and the appearance of a late systolic bulge occurred within 5 s after the onset of regional ischemia. After 10 s of both anoxia and regional ischemia, oxygen saturation of myoglobin decreased by 50%, but fluorescence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide remained at aerobic level which indicated that mitochondrial oxidative energy production might still be maintained. Thus early and pronounced dysfunction of the ischemic region appeared to precede a substantial loss of ATP production.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗