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Biomedical subjects

R Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to R Yoshida.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Acute toxicity test on dermal application of NT-1 tape and 10% nitroglycerin (NT-1 ointment)].

An acute toxicity of NT-1 tape was investigated in mice, rats and rabbits, and also an acute toxicity of NT-1 ointment in rabbits. An irritation of NT-1 tape was investigated in rabbits. Dead animals treated with NT-1 tape or ointment were not observed in reliable maximum administration dose of 0.88 mg/body as GTN (nitroglycerin) in mice (male; about 29.1 mg/kg, female; about 35.2 mg/kg), of 3.96 mg/body as GTN in rats (male; about 26.0 mg/kg, female; about 28.9 mg/kg) and of 480 mg/kg as GTN in rabbits. There were not toxic signs in mice and rats. The below findings were observed in rabbits treated mainly with NT-1 ointment: decreased spontaneous activity, decreased reactivity to various stimuli such as sound and touch, and behavior of binding food box. However, the rabbits recovered from those abnormal behavior in a day. Any body weight changes and any autopsy findings attributable to NT-1 tape or ointment were not observed in mice, rats and rabbits. The effects on ECG were not observed in rabbits. The GTN absorption ratio in rabbits treated with NT-1 ointment was thought to be 60-70% from GTN residual ratio. The skin irritation was not observed in rabbits treated with NT-1 tape.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1986

[Reproduction study of 1,1,3-trimethyl-5-phenylbiuret (ST-281): teratological study in rabbits by oral administration].

Teratogenicity of 1,1,3-trimethyl-5-phenylbiuret (ST-281), a new anti-rheumatic agent, was evaluated in rabbits. ST-281 at doses of 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day were administered orally to pregnant NZW rabbits from day 6 to day 18 of pregnancy. Body weight and food consumption at the administration and the subsequent periods were significantly decreased in 400 mg/kg/day group, and 5 dams (41.7%) affected severely were dead. No remarkable changes were investigated in findings at near-term caesarean section in any dosed group including 400 mg/kg/day. In visceral and skeletal examinations, no significant increase in incidence of abnormal fetuses were observed. This report suggests that ST-281 has no embryotoxicity or teratogenicity in rabbits.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1985

Incidence of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and its familial clustering.

The yearly incidence of ATLL in the Uwajima district is 6.6 patients per 100,000 inhabitants aged over 40. The yearly morbidity rate from ATLL of persons in this district who are positive for HTLV-antibody and older than 40 is 1 patient per 1,631. Familial occurrence was observed in 9/38 families available for pedigree analyses. Even in the endemic area, the existence of positive HTLV antibody is remarkably high in ATLL families, suggesting that HTLV has been transmitted from generation to generation mainly within these particular families.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Enzymatic formation of prostaglandin F2 alpha from prostaglandin H2 and D2. Purification and properties of prostaglandin F synthetase from bovine lung.

Prostaglandin F synthetase from bovine lung was purified 540-fold to apparent homogeneity, as assessed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses and ultracentrifugation. The purified enzyme proved to be a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of about 30,500. The enzyme catalyzed not only the reduction of the 11-keto group of prostaglandin D2 but also the reduction of 9,11-endoperoxide of prostaglandin H2 and various carbonyl compounds (e.g. phenanthrenequinone). Experiments using column chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses, immunotitration using antibody against the purified enzyme, and heat treatment indicated that three enzyme activities resided in a single protein. Although phenanthrenequinone and prostaglandin D2 competitively inhibited the prostaglandin D2 and phenanthrenequinone reductase activities, respectively, these two substrates were all but ineffective on the prostaglandin H2 (at the Km value) reductase activity up to 14-fold of those Km values. These results suggest that a single enzyme protein purified from the bovine lung catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin D2, prostaglandin H2, and various carbonyl compounds and that prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin H2 are metabolized at two different active sites, yielding prostaglandin F2 alpha as the reaction product.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

[Mutagenicity test of halopredone acetate].

The mutagenicity of halopredone acetate (THS-201) was investigated by means of reverse mutation test in seven bacterial strains (S. typhimurium TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1538, TA1537 and E. coli WP2, WP2 uvrA) and chromosomal aberration test in cultured Chinese hamster cells (CHL). In the reverse mutation test, no significant increase of revertant was observed at dose levels from 50 to 5000 micrograms/plate in the absence and presence of mammalian metabolic activation system. THS-201 caused no increase of chromosomal aberrants at dose levels of 1.6, 8.0, 40.0 and 200 micrograms/ml irrespective of metabolic activation. These results indicated that THS-201 has no mutagenic activity.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1985

Cefmetazole: a broad spectrum cephem antibiotic effective on methicillin- and cephem-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Antibacterial activity of cefmetazole (CMZ) was investigated by the plate dilution method. Since CMZ is stable to any type of bacterial beta-lactamases, it inhibited growth of Escherichia coli carrying R plasmids, Klebsiella spp., Proteus vulgaris, and Bacteroides fragilis at the concentration of less than 0.78 to 25.0 micrograms/ml. The distinct characteristic of CMZ is its anti-MRSA (methicillin- and cephem-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) activity. Exclusively in MRSA, a new fraction of penicillin binding proteins (PBP) with a relative molecular mass of 78 kd apears, and the 78 kd/PBP possesses low binding affinity to beta-lactam antibiotics. By the competitive binding experiment of beta-lactam drugs to the PBPs of MRSA, it was revealed that CMZ and cephaloridine retain binding affinities to the new 78kd/PBP fraction of MRSA.

Cefmetazole↗