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Biomedical subjects

R Yoneda

Publications and source records attributed to R Yoneda.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A clinical study of fluconazole in pulmonary aspergillosis].

Fluconazole is a novel triazole antifungal agent. Its in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus spp. is rather weak, but in vivo animal protection studies in mice with Aspergillus infections showed that the activity of fluconazole was about 15 times as potent as that of ketoconazole. We have studied the clinical efficacy and the safety of fluconazole given to 6 patients with chronic intractable respiratory disease, pulmonary aspergillosis, at an oral dose of 400 mg once daily for 23 days to 110 days (70 days on the average). Patients were selected from those who fulfilled 2 of the following 3 criteria: 1) those with chest X-ray evidence of fungus ball, 2) those from whom Aspergillus was continuously isolated through culture of their sputum, 3) those with evidence of serum precipitinogen against Aspergillus. Clinical efficacies were good in 2 patients out of 6 with marked contraction of fungus balls, fair in 2 with slight contraction of fungus balls or improvement of clinical symptoms, and failed in 2. Side effects and laboratory parameter abnormalities possibly considered to be related to fluconazole were not observed in any of the patients enrolled in the study, suggesting the safety in a long-term usage of the drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[A case of Recklinghausen's disease associated with multiple emphysematous bullae and lung cancer].

A 36-year-old man was admitted with cough and sputum. He had cafe-au-lait spots and multiple subcutaneous neurofibromas. Chest X-ray revealed multiple emphysematous bullae in bilateral upper lobes and a tumor in the bulla of the right upper lobe. Needle aspiration biopsy of the tumor showed small cell carcinoma. Although chemotherapy and radiation resulted in decrease in tumor size, it subsequently increased in size and he died 11 months after admission. Including this case there have been 7 reports of Recklinghausen's disease associated with multiple lung cysts and 8 reports with lung cancer in Japan. However, cases with lung cysts and cancer are very rare. The cancer of this case was considered to be associated with emphysematous bulla rather than Recklinghausen's diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical effectiveness of cefoperazone for respiratory infections of elderly patients, focusing on its safety on renal function].

Clinical effectiveness of cefoperazone (CPZ) was studied for 46 elderly patients with respiratory infections. 1. Clinical efficacy rate of CPZ was 80.6% (29/36). 2. Adverse reactions occurred in 2 patients as systemic rush and fever. Laboratory abnormalities were observed in 5 patients. These included elevation of transaminase value. 3. The serum concentration of CPZ at 12 hours after administration of 2 g CPZ was not reflected in creatinine clearance and total bilirubin, and those 2 values appeared to have little effects on CPZ excretion. 4. The administration of CPZ at 4 g/day for less than 3 weeks had no effects on the renal function. As a result of this study, CPZ was found to have little undesirable effect on renal functions and to be a useful drug for the treatment of respiratory infections in elderly patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Release of inflammatory mediators by noxious stimuli; effect of neurotropin on the release.

Anesthetized rats were perfused with saline in the subcutaneous space of the hind paw and the release of inflammatory mediators induced by noxious stimuli was studied. Not only immunoreactive bradykinin (BK) but also histamine, serotonin (5-HT) and immunoreactive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were found to be released into the perfusate when the paw was pinched. Neurotropin, used clinically as an analgesic and anti-allergic drug in Japan, inhibited the release of BK in dose-dependent manner without altering the release of histamine, 5-HT and PGE2. The maximal inhibition of BK release was observed 60 min after p.o. administration of neurotropin. Indomethacin failed to inhibit the release of BK.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A chemotherapy regimen including CDDP in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma--a comparison between bronchial artery infusion and intravenous administration].

Forty patients with lung cancer were treated using two methods. One was transbronchial artery infusion (BAI) of CDDP and the other was intravenous administration of CDDP with VDS, ACNU or etoposide. There was no difference in response rate between the two groups. The response rate was higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma compared to these with adenocarcinoma. Compared with the combination group, BAI patients had fewer adverse effects, such as myelosuppression, alopecia, nausea and vomiting. Thus, it was concluded that CDDP is very effective for patients with lung cancer and that CDDP administered by BAI is useful for hilar-type squamous cell carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Experimental pharmacological study on partial sympathicotonia in restraint and water immersion stressed animals.

In order to obtain evidences supporting the previous suggestion that restraint and water immersion stressed (RWIS) animals are possibly in the state of partial sympathicotonia, further investigations have been carried out. 1) In the experiment on the influence from the adrenal, the preadministration of dexamethasone, spironolactone or metopirone did not affect the enhancement of response to acetylcholine (ACh) of the duodenum isolated from RWIS mice, while adrenalectomy inhibited both the enhancement of response to ACh and the reduction of response to noradrenaline (NA) of isolated duodenum and vas deferens of RWIS mice. The potentiation of the response to ACh of the duodenum isolated from the adrenalectomized RWIS mouse, on the other hand, was little affected by the pretreatment of dexamethasone. These results suggest that in the RWIS animal the influence from the adrenal medulla is greater than that from the adrenal cortex. 2) In the experiment on the influence from the autonomic nervous system, the treatment of RWIS mice with an adrenergic neuron degenerating agent to cause chemical denervation was found to suppress the potentiation of the response to ACh of isolated duodenum and vas deferens, suggesting the participation of the adrenergic neuron. A vagotomy showed little effect on responses either to ACh or NA of isolated duodenum and vas deferens from RWIS mice. A sympathectomy, however, suppressed these changes in responses, particularly reduction of response to NA was markedly inhibited to the normal level. These findings indicate that the excessive sympathicotonic state in the RWIS animal was remitted by sympathectomy. It may be concluded that the results of present investigations utilizing adrenalectomy, vagotomy and sympathectomy may present evidences for the previous suggestion that the RWIS animal might be in the state of partial sympathicotonia.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1981

Effects of exogenous stimuli and centrally acting drugs on galvanic skin responses in rats.

Effects of physical stimulus and psychic stimulus on the galvanic skin response (GSR) in rats were evaluated. A significant change in the GSR was observed after exposing the rat to the noise of hand-clapping, and introducing another rat into the cage. The latter stimulus had a much greater effect than the former. Changes in GSR were measured after various animals were introduced into the test cage. A shift in the GSR in intrusion of guinea pig or rabbit was significantly greater than that in intrusion of Wistar rat, but no difference was observed in intrusion of rat and mouse. Changes in GSR were studied by introducing another animal into the test cage containing a single rat (isolated state) or a pair of rats (grouped state). The change in the GSR in the grouped state was generally smaller than that in the isolated state, but there was no difference in the score between these states when a rabbit was introduced. When the effect of drugs on changing of GSR was investigated, we found that elevation of GSR value, as induced by exogenous stimuli, was inhibited by tranquilizers such as chlorpromazine, carpipramine and diazepam. These tranquilizers in a remarkably small dose had an apparent effect on the psychic, mutual relation in GSR test in rats.

Animals↗