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Biomedical subjects

R Yamauchi

Publications and source records attributed to R Yamauchi.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Formation of trimers of alpha-tocopherol and its model compound, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol, in autoxidizing methyl linoleate.

The reaction products of alpha-tocopherol and its model compound, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol, during the autoxidation of methyl linoleate at 37 C were investigated. Two isomeric trimers were obtained as the major reaction products of alpha-tocopherol, and a trimer was obtained as that of its model chroman. The structure of each trimer has been characterized by IR, UV, 1H and 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The 13C NMR spectra showed the presence of a quaternary carbon atom and a carbon atom bearing two oxy substituents in the molecule. On methanolysis of each trimer, equimolar amounts of the 5-methoxymethyl compound and the dihydroxy dimer were formed, indicating the presence of a ketal group in the molecule. From these results, new trimeric structures are proposed. The reaction products of alpha-tocopherol could be well-separated by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. When methyl linoleate was autoxidized in the presence of 1 mol% alpha-tocopherol, spirodiene dimer was the initial reaction product of alpha-tocopherol, and trimers were formed with the decrease of alpha-tocopherol.

Benzopyrans↗
PubMed1985

Cytoplasmic estrogen receptors in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The concentration of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors (ER) in cancer of the uterine cervix was measured in 30 cases (28 squamous cell carcinomas and 2 adenocarcinomas). The mean ER concentration in squamous cell carcinoma was 19.3 +/- 26.0 fmol/mg cytosol protein; for pre- and postmenopausal women 6.82 +/- 9.86 and 28.6 +/- 30.1 fmol/mg protein, respectively, were found, the latter being significantly higher. When 'ER-positive' was defined as concentrations greater than 10 fmol/mg protein, 12 of the 28 cases (43%) were found to be ER-positive. There were no significant differences between the ER concentrations of clinical stage I and II squamous cell carcinomas (19.2 +/- 24.2 and 20.9 +/- 27.2 fmol/mg, respectively). ER were detectable in the cervical tissue from all of the control cases of myoma of the uterus. There were, however, no differences in the ER content between the proliferative and secretory phases, but the concentration in premenopausal women was significantly lower than that in postmenopausal women. In comparison with the controls, the mean ER level in both pre- and postmenopausal women with squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower, due to the fact that ER were not detectable in 57% of these cases. Both cases of cervical adenocarcinoma were ER-positive.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Concurrent endometrial hyperplasia with carcinoma of the corpus uteri.

Using 117 uteri which were extirpated in cases of carcinoma of the corpus uteri, a study was made to investigate the relationship between the site of the cancer and the site of associated endometrial hyperplasia. It was found that 75% of the cases had carcinomas of the upper portion of the uterus primarily of the uterine fundus. About 50% of the cancers were associated with adenomatous or atypical hyperplasia, and these two types of hyperplasia were frequently found in the fundus or upper portion of the uterus. In contrast, there was no site of particular prevalence in cases with concurrent cystic hyperplasia. About 70% of the cases had adenomatous or atypical hyperplasia on one or both of the histological blocks adjacent to the cancer.

Endometrial Hyperplasia↗
PubMed1983

Therapy for cervical cancer detected by mass screening.

Over a 19 year period since 1962, 972 cases of cervical cancer have been detected by mass screening in Miyagi Prefecture, a detection rate of 0.11%. Among these cases, 551 (56.7%) were cases of carcinoma in situ. In contrast, cervical cancers detected by means of private screening gave a detection rate of 0.39% (889 cases), among which there were 611 cases of invasive carcinoma (68.7%). Among the 421 cases of invasive carcinoma detected by mass screening, 352 were Stage I, 52 were Stage II, 14 were Stage III and 1 was Stage IV. Moreover, 178 of the 352 Stage I cases were Stage Ia. The 5 year survival rate for the cervical cancer patients detected by mass screening was 97.8% for Stage 0, 92.9% for Stage I, 75% for Stage II, 45.5% for Stage III and 0% for Stage IV. The 5-year survival rate for invasive carcinoma was 88.7%. Twenty-five deaths due to recurrence of the cancer were found, but all such cases were invasive carcinomas. There were no mortalities due to recurrence of carcinoma in situ among such cases detected by mass screening.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[The present status of mass population screening for cancer of the uterine cervix and the therapeutic results in the detected cases in Miyagi Prefecture].

The mass screening for cervical cancer in the population of Miyagi Prefecture has covered the total 1,078,999 women by March 1981. Invasive cancer of the uterine cervix was discovered in 1032 women, carcinoma in situ in 829. 2) By methods of the examination, the institutional examination was on 72.5% of the examined in 1980. 3) With regards to the rates of examinees by age and the detection rate of the cancer of uterine cervix in 1980, the low detection rate in the age range of 30-50 years whose examination rate was over 20% compares against the high detection rate in the high age range, whose examination rate was low. 4) CAI in years 1965, 1970, 1975 and 1980 were 60.0, 116.7, 193.2 and 229.8 respectively. 5) The 302 cases of invasive cancer detected and treated before the end of 1974 were classified in clinical stages and investigated the results of treatment. The detection in Stage I was in 84.1%, this high percentage being a main factor to make the total treatment results of uterine cervical cancer pushed up to the high figure.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein in gynecological cancer].

The pre-therapy serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) were assayed in patients with cancer of the uterine cervix and ovarium using the single radial immunodiffusion method. These levels were normal in patients with early cancer of uterine cervix (O and Ia stage); in advanced cancer patients they were increased with cancer stage. The serum IAP levels in ovarian cancer were higher than in patients with advanced uterine cervical cancer.

Female↗
PubMed1982

The effects of postoperative radiotherapy in cases of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

An investigation was made of the effects on cure rate of postoperative radiotherapy following radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy for cases of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix performed over 7 years between 1969 and 1975 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Tohoku University Hospital. For cases in which resection was complete but the cancer extended to the pelvic wall, the 5 year survival rate was similar to that in comparable cases of the same clinical stage regardless of whether or not postoperative radiotherapy was employed. The 5 year survival rate in cases undergoing postoperative radiotherapy because of lymph node metastasis was lower than that of cases where the lesion approached the pelvic wall and for which postoperative radiotherapy was employed. An investigation of the 5 year survival rate among those cases with lymph node metastasis and receiving postoperative radiotherapy indicated that survival in cases with metastasis to only one lymph node was similar to that of cases of the same clinical stage which received the operation only, whereas the survival rate of cases with multiple lymph node involvement was markedly lower.

Adenocarcinoma↗