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Biomedical subjects

R Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to R Wolf.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral enoxacin in healthy volunteers.

In a randomized, crossover study single 200 and 800 mg doses of enoxacin were administered intravenously and orally to eight healthy normal volunteers. Plasma and urinary enoxacin concentrations and urinary concentrations of its oxo-metabolite were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. At the end of a 1 h intravenous infusion period, mean enoxacin plasma concentrations were 1.8 and 6.6 mg/l for the 200 and 800 mg doses, respectively. Disappearance of enoxacin from the systemic circulation appeared to follow first order kinetics with harmonic mean elimination half lives of 3.3 and 4.7 h for the 200 and 800 mg dose groups, respectively. However, enoxacin kinetics were dose-dependent over the dose range tested. Total body clearance decreased and elimination half-life increased with increasing dose. The volume of distribution was large (2.8 l/kg) and independent of dose. Absorption of orally administered enoxacin was rapid, with mean peak plasma concentrations (1.0 and 3.8 mg/l) appearing one to two hours postdose. Absolute oral bioavailability averaged 89%, and was independent of the dose administered. Cumulative enoxacin urinary recovery accounted for 51-53% of the dose irrespective of dose or route of administration. Enoxacin renal clearance exceeded creatinine clearance indicating that urinary excretion of enoxacin involved both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Urinary excretion of the oxo-metabolite averaged 16% and 11% following the 200 and 800 mg dose, respectively. Evidence of dose dependent decrease in enoxacin renal clearance and formation of its oxo-metabolite was observed. Enoxacin was well tolerated during the course of the trial. The present study shows that enoxacin pharmacokinetics can be characterized by apparent first order elimination, large volume of distribution, and dose-dependent increase of half life. Oral absorption of enoxacin is complete over a wide dose range.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Value of looking at leukocytes in every case of ichthyosis.

A three-year old patient had ichthyosis and neutral lipid storage disease (Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome), characterized by congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and leukocyte vacuoles. He did not show any of the internal system involvement that was found in previously described cases. Patients with this syndrome demonstrate a great variability of clinical involvement. The affliction may be very mild as in our case or it may lead to rapid death, as with the patient's brother born a Harlequin baby, who only survived 5 days. Because of this wide spectrum of clinical variability mild cases might escape diagnosis. It is, therefore, suggested that every case of ichthyosis should have a peripheral blood smear evaluation with special attention to the morphology of the leukocytes. Our case clearly demonstrates the value of such a screening examination. Although the patient had been under treatment for almost 3 years, only screening examination of blood smears of all the patients with ichthyosis finally led to the correct diagnosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1988

The hair follicle mites (Demodex spp.). Could they be vectors of pathogenic microorganisms?

The hair follicle mites Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis are the most common permanent ectoparasites of Man. Ordinarily they are harmless to their human host and appear to be of no medical significance. We present, however, an unusual finding regarding this mite, namely, that in a potassium hydroxide mount of a skin scraping from a mycotic plaque we found numerous Demodex mites containing inside them spores of Microsporum canis. This could mean that the putatively inoffensive Demodex has the potential to ingest various microorganisms that are found in its niche and transport them to other areas of the skin or possibly to other individuals.

Acari↗
PubMed1988

[Myocardial creatinine kinase liberation and left ventricular function in myocardial infarct with and without collateral blood supply].

In 24 patients (aged 52 years) with angiographically proven acute first myocardial infarction and isolated occlusion of the infarct-related vessel, serial measurements of creatine kinase (CK) activity were performed. Peak CK levels (CKmax), time-to-peak activity (tmax), infarct size, and cumulative CK were calculated from the serum curve by a computer program. No reperfusion interventions were performed. In accordance with the angiographic results 3-5 weeks after infarction, patients were divided into two groups: 11 patients demonstrated a proximal occlusion of one major coronary artery with retrograde contrast filling by non-compromised collaterals; in 14 patients no collateral filling of the distal vessel segment was visible. The contralateral coronary arteries and corresponding LV wall segments were normal. Localization of the infarction and infarct related vessel were not significantly different between both groups. In patients with collaterals, ejection fraction was significantly higher (63.1 vs. 45.5%; p less than 0.0005) and LV-enddiastolic volume (109.9 vs. 130.1 ml/m2) and enddiastolic pressure (10.0 vs. 14.1 mm Hg, p = n.s.) were lower. CKmax, tmax, infarct size, and cumulative CK activity were significantly reduced in patients with collaterals compared to non-collateralized occlusions. Four patients with, but none without collaterals reached tmax within 12 h. In ten patients without and four with collaterals, tmax was reached after 14 h. The initial slope of the normalized serum CK curves was significantly different among both groups. A significant (p less than 0.005) linear correlation between ejection fraction and tmax, infarct size, CKmax, and cumulative CK was found for all patients (r = 0.76-0.53).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sebaceous gland hyperplasia following topical application of citral. An ultrastructural study.

Topical application of citral on male rat skin induces hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands. Ultrastructural study showed that this hyperplasia is manifested by an increase in number of the partially differentiated cells of the gland. Citral was found in fat droplets of the mature differentiated and partially differentiated cells. Because citral causes an increase in testosterone level, we conclude that the sebaceous gland hyperplasia is related to androgen activity.

Acyclic Monoterpenes↗
PubMed1987

Atypical crusted scabies.

Five cases of an atypical form of crusted (or Norwegian) scabies are described. Three cases occurred in patients who suffered from a malignant tumor, and two additional cases occurred in mentally retarded and physically debilitated patients. These cases should draw attention to the possibility of a scabietic infestation whenever a widespread, scaly, itchy dermatosis develops in a debilitated immunosuppressed patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Contralateral eye movements and alpha reactivity of lithium patients in recognition tasks.

For the purpose of analyzing memory deficits in patients on lithium therapy the Psychological Labor (E. Opgenoorth et al.) and Lithium Department (R. Wolf et al.) studied not only psychological performance but also biosignals of elementary complexity (characteristic values of eye movements as a reaction to simple light stimuli) and of higher complexity, i.e. those which accompany the cognitive processing of information. Recall and recognition performance for incidentally learned word and picture items was tested in 14 patients receiving lithium treatment. Simultaneously registered EEG (O1-Cz and O2-Cz) and lateral eye movements (LEM) were analyzed with reference to different stimuli. Absolute alpha power and relative event-related desynchronization (ERD) show differences in EEG reactivity between healthy individuals and lithium patients demonstrated by differences in the amplitudes. LEM are characterized by a slight delay of the peaks.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Fermentation of xylans by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and other ruminal bacteria.

The ability of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and other ruminal bacteria (6 species, 18 strains) to ferment a crude xylan from wheat straw or to ferment xylans from larchwood or oat spelts was studied. Liquid cultures were monitored for carbohydrate utilization, cell growth (protein), and fermentation acid production. B. fibrisolvens 49, H17c, AcTF2, and D1 grew almost as well on one or more of the xylans as they did on cellobiose-maltose. B. fibrisolvens 12, R28, A38, X10C34, ARD22a, and X6C61 exhibited moderate growth on xylans. Partial fermentation of xylans was observed with Bacteroides ruminicola B14, Bacteroides succinogenes S85, Ruminococcus albus 7, Ruminococcus flavefaciens C94 and FD1, and Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens 22B. All xylans tested appeared to have a small fraction of carbohydrate that supported low levels of growth of nonxylanolytic strains such as Selenomonas ruminantium HD4. Compared to growth on hexoses, the same array of fermentation acids was produced upon growth on xylans for most strains; however, reduced lactate levels were observed for B. fibrisolvens 49 and Selenomonas ruminantium HD4. Measurements of enzyme activities of B. fibrisolvens AcTF2, 49, H17c, and D1 indicated that the xylobiase activities were cell associated and that the xylanase activities were predominantly associated with the culture fluid. The pattern of expression of these enzymes varied both between strains and between the carbon sources on which the strains were grown.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Quinidine-induced lichenoid and eczematous photodermatitis.

We report 6 cases of photodistributed rashes due to oral administration of quinidine: 4 cases with a lichen-planus-like eruption and 2 with an eczematous dermatitis. The casual relationship between the drug and the eruption was established mainly by means of circumstantial evidence. It was further strengthened by an in vitro challenge test in 4 cases and by a rechallenge in 2 patients. The in vitro challenge test used was the macrophage migration inhibition test, which can be of diagnostic aid whenever a rechallenge of the patient is contraindicated. Quinidine-induced lichenoid eruption in a photodistribution seems to be more common than previously reported. Physicians should be aware of this type of drug eruption.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Psoriasiform eruption induced by captopril and chlorthalidone.

We present findings from two patients who experienced a psoriasiform eruption apparently due to captopril and chlorthalidone. These drugs should be added to the growing list of drugs that may produce a psoriasiform eruption. Drugs other than beta-adrenergic blocking agents should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a psoriasiform drug eruption.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Norwegian scabies. Report of 2 cases].

Two cases with an atypical form of Norwegian (or crusted) scabies are presented. It is suggested that a systemic (first case) or a local (second case) alteration of the immune system paved the way for the development of this atypical presentation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Lezius nailing under controversy? Experiences with Lezius-Herzer curved nailing in 1,062 pertrochanteric femoral fractures].

Curved nailing according to Lezius and Herzer was applied to 700 of 1,062 cases of pertrochanteric fractures of the femur at the Surgical Department of the "Carl Gustav Carus" Medical Academy, Dresden, between 1964 and 1985. Complications are described, and results are generally compared with other surgical techniques used to handle pertrochanteric fractures of the femur. Lezius nailing, when compared to other methods, has proved to be a simple and reliable approach, primarily under the aspect of geriatric traumatology, and should be used on a much wider scale.

Female↗