Gamma globulins in health and disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Agammaglobulinemia↗
Biomedical subjects
R Wilkinson
Publications and source records attributed to R Wilkinson.
Endocrine activity in multiple sclerosis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
Association between HLA-BW38 and peripheral psoriatic arthritis.
The frequency distribution of HLA antigens was studied in a group of psoriatic patients with and without arthritis. HLA-BW38 was found significantly increased in the group with peripheral psoriatic arthritis. There were no differences in the clinical features of the arthritis in the BW38 positive (+) and BW38 negative (-) individuals. It is suggested that BW38 is a genetic marker and/or an indicator of peripheral joint involvement in psoriatic patients.
Adult↗
Identification of koala T lymphocytes using an anti-human CD3 antibody.
Previous attempts to identify T lymphocytes in the koala using cross reacting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against other species T cell antigens (Ags) and classical T cell lectins have proved unsuccessful. Recently a polyclonal rabbit Ab preparation directed at the epsilon chain of the human CD3 complex (anti-CD3) has become commercially available and has been shown to have broad cross-species reactivity. We have demonstrated that this anti-CD3 is suitable for labelling T cells from peripheral blood of koalas if the purified peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) are first made permeable with mild fixation in buffered formal acetone. We have also been able to identify koala T cells in both formalin-fixed and frozen lymphoid tissues. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting studies demonstrated that this anti-CD3 bound to a single 23 kDa polypeptide, probably representing the koala homologue of the human epsilon chain. This is the first report of successful identification of koala T cells and the first reported use of this anti-CD3 for the identification of peripheral circulating T lymphocytes in any species.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A Canadian high-energy neutron spectrometry system for measurements in space.
Bubble Technology Industries Inc. (BTI), with the support of the Canadian Space Agency, has finished the construction of the Canadian High-Energy Neutron Spectrometry System (CHENSS). This spectrometer is intended to measure the high energy neutron spectrum (approximately 1-100 MeV) encountered in spacecraft in low earth orbit. CHENSS is designed to fly aboard a US space shuttle and its scientific results should facilitate the prediction of neutron dose to astronauts in space from readings of different types of radiation dosimeters that are being used in various missions.
Astronauts↗
Rapid diagnosis and determination of duration of viraemia in dengue fever using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
A rapid, simple diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the diagnosis of dengue fever was developed using a pair of consensus oligonucleotide primers and validated with laboratory-derived strains of dengue serotypes 1-4 and other common flaviviruses. A cluster of 13 patients with clinical dengue fever admitted to a single infectious diseases unit over a period of 3 months allowed evaluation of this technology. The PCR was positive in all 11 acute dengue cases and negative in 2 convalescent cases and 10 febrile patients recently returned from the tropics in whom an alternative diagnosis was established. In some of the acute cases, viraemia was detected before the development of a diagnostic antibody response (indirect immunoglobulin (Ig) G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and capture IgM ELISA). In patients from whom sequential sera were taken, defervescence and recovery from thrombocytopenia coincided with the disappearance of dengue ribonucleic acid from the blood. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products was undertaken in 2 cases (from India and Guyana) and the results showed a close match with previously reported serotype 2 sequencies, suggesting a potential for use of this region of the genome in epidemiological studies.
Adult↗
Single-dose therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for urinary tract infection in women.
One-hundred-four women with symptoms of lower urinary tract inflammation (dysuria, frequency, and suprapubic tenderness) were randomly assigned to one of two treatment regimens: either a single dose of two double-strength trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, (TMP-SMZ) tablets (320 mg of TMP and 1,600 mg of SMZ) or conventional therapy of one double-strength tablet (160 mg of TMP and 800 mg of SMZ) twice a day for 10 days. Eighty-one patients had true bacteriuria; 93% of the infections were eradicated by single-dose therapy and 95% by conventional therapy. Results of an antibody-coated bacteria assay showed no correlation with therapeutic outcome. Clinically important side effects were observed in 4% of patients treated with single-dose therapy and 24% (P less than 0.05) of those treated with conventional therapy. Twenty-three patients had acute urethral syndrome, 14 with and nine without pyuria on initial urinalysis. The 14 with pyuria responded to antimicrobial therapy, whereas those without pyuria did not. This response pattern is consistent with recent data concerning the etiology of acute urethral syndrome. It is concluded that single-dose TMP-SMZ therapy is effective, easily administered, inexpensive, and free from significant side effects, and that it should have broad applicability in the treatment of women with acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
Adolescent↗
Increased proximal tubular sodium reabsorption in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes.
Hyperinsulinaemia and sodium retention have been studied in 22 Type 2 diabetic patients (10 normotensive, 12 hypertensive) and 10 normal control subjects matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Exchangeable sodium was similar in the three groups. Plasma renin activity and plasma angiotensin II were lower in both groups of diabetic patients than in the normal control subjects (p less than 0.01). Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide was increased in the hypertensive patients (7.3 +/- 1.1 vs normotensive 4.7 +/- 1.1 pmol l-1 and control 4.0 +/- 0.2 pmol l-1, p less than 0.01). Fractional lithium clearance, a measure of sodium clearance from the proximal tubule, was decreased (18.5 +/- 1.4, p less than 0.01) and fractional excretion of sodium in the distal tubule was increased (6.66 +/- 0.66, p less than 0.01) in untreated hypertensive diabetic patients compared with both normotensive diabetic patients (25.3 +/- 1.6 and 3.96 +/- 0.52 respectively) and normal control subjects (25.2 +/- 2.9 and 3.31 +/- 0.38, respectively). Fasting serum insulin was higher in hypertensive than in normotensive diabetic patients (18.5 +/- 3.0 vs 10.7 +/- 1.1 mU l-1, p less than 0.01) and higher in both groups than in normal control subjects (5.6 +/- 0.1 mU l-1, both p less than 0.01). Creatinine clearance was higher in both groups of diabetic patients than in normal control subjects (p less than 0.05). Thus there appears to be increased proximal renal tubular sodium reabsorption in these hypertensive Type 2 diabetic patients, matched by a reduction in distal sodium reabsorption so that net sodium excretion was maintained. This was associated with fasting hyperinsulinaemia.
Aldosterone↗
Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography imaging in a pediatric brain tumor. A case report.
Thallium brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) may be useful for differentiation of tumor recurrence from scar tissue and radiation necrosis and to predict low or high grade brain tumors. We report a case of an 11-year-old boy with recurrent oligodendroglioma who showed increased focal uptake of thallium-201 at the site of recurrence after surgery and radiotherapy on a SPECT imaging of the brain. This indicates viable tumor mass as opposed to radiation necrosis.
Brain Neoplasms↗
Prevalence and pathogenesis of impotence in one hundred uremic men.
In a study of dialysis patients 79% of men complained of sexual dysfunction and 61% erectile impotence following uremia and the onset of regular dialysis therapy. Plasma testosterone levels were significantly higher in patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (p = 0.001) but the incidence of sexual dysfunction was not different from patients treated by hemodialysis. Although follicle-stimulating hormone levels were higher (p = 0.001) and penile blood pressure index levels lower (p less than 0.05) in patients with impotence, sexual function was not improved by exogenous testosterone, and vasculogenic impotence was identified in only 6% of patients. These findings suggest that a major component of uremic impotence is unrelated to primary testicular failure or penile vascular insufficiency.
Adult↗
Fast forward into 2048.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Delivery of Health Care↗
Critical care. A critical platform.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Critical Care↗
The challenge of intravenous therapy.
The simple intravenous infusion, seen commonly in most general wards, presents a far greater challenge to nursing awareness and skill than perhaps seems evident. Royal College of Nursing Adviser in Nursing Practice Rosemary Wilkinson discusses the management of problems they pose, and stresses the need for nurses to ensure that their relevant knowledge base is kept up to date.
Asepsis↗
Nursing issues in intravenous therapy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Transplant nursing. The gift of life.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗