Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Werner

Publications and source records attributed to R Werner.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Primary gallbladder cancer].

118 surgically-treated patients with gall bladder carcinoma and 407 autopsies recording this diagnosis were reviewed and analysed with a view to investigating the reasons for the bad prognosis of this disease. An early tumour stage was seen in only 5.9% of the surgical patients. A possible reason for the bad results even at an early tumour stage is undertreatment by simple cholecystectomy. In advanced stages of gall bladder carcinoma palliative operations have a better prognosis than diagnostic laparotomies. Prevention of gall bladder carcinoma through prophylactic cholecystectomy in the case of documented lithiasis failed to prevent gall bladder carcinoma in our group of patients because only 9% of the patients with gall bladder carcinoma had been diagnosed as having lithiasis in time to consider cholecystectomy as a preventive measure.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1983

Acute dimethyl sulphoxide therapy in experimental brain oedema, effect of dose and concentration on brain water and electrolyte content.

Albino rabbits with experimental brain oedema produced by a combined left hemisphere cryogenic injury and a metabolic insult by a 6-aminonicotinamide (6-ANA) were administered intravenous dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) in varying concentrations and doses in the following manner: Subgroup A (concentration response) received 1.0 g/kg bolus of a 10, 20, 30, or 40% solution. Subgroup B (dose response) received as a 20% solution a 1.0 g/kg bolus, 1.5 g/kg bolus, or 2.0 g/kg infusion. One hour following administration of the agent, the animals were killed, their brains rapidly removed by craniectomy and brain water, sodium and potassium measured. Significant decreases in brain sodium and water content in the right hemisphere were noted in both subgroups A (p less than 0.05) and B (p less than 0.005) and in the left hemisphere in subgroup B only (p less than 0.005). There is an apparent effect on brain oedema by a DMSO mediated sodium dependent water mobilization.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro studies on the adsorption of various resins of the Wofatit type for drugs].

The capacities of the resins Wofatit Y 29, Y 55 and Y 56 (VEB Chemiekombinat Bitterfeld) to adsorb various medicaments were compared with that of the resin XAD-4. Methaquelone, diazepam, krotylbarbital, promazine phosphate and ethyloxamine were used as test substances. The resin Y 56 proved to have an adsorption capacity similar to that of XAD-4 (e.g. maximum saturation for methaquelone 98%, half-maximum saturation at 7 minutes). In further tests on various batches of this resin the best results were given by the resin Y 56/7. Adsorption was quite clearly shown to be dependent on concentration. At a blood-flow of 100 ml/min clearance values of 34.5 ml/min for krotylbarbitol and 22.1 ml/min for methaquelone were calculated. According to these findings the resin Y 56/7 is suitable for further testing in a haemoperfusion system with a view to clinical use.

Barbiturates↗
PubMed1982

[Carcinoma of the gallbladder unexpectedly diagnosed after cholecystectomy for lithiasis (author's transl)].

Patients with clinically apparent carcinoma of the gallbladder seldom survive 5 years. This is only seen in about 20% of the patients whose gallbladder carcinoma is unexpectedly first discovered by the pathologist after a routine cholecystectomy for lithiasis. The prognosis of this seldom seen early stage of carcinoma of the gallbladder, which is applicable to only 10-23% of all gallbladder carcinomas, is strongly dependent on the penetration of the tumor in the wall of the gallbladder. Of the patients with a carcinoma infiltrating only the mucosa of the gallbladder, 60% can be cured for 5 years by a simple cholecystectomy, whereas for more advanced cancers this procedure seem to be inadequate. In these stages a relaparotomy should be considered with an addition wedge resection of the liver and a regional lymphadenectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of the effects of DMSO and pentobarbitone on experimental brain oedema.

The purpose of this report is to compare the effect of acute therapy with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and pentobarbitone on experimental brain oedema produced by a cryogenic lesion over the left hemisphere in albino rabbits. A group of animals received DMSO (1 mg/kg-10% solution) by intravenous bolus, and another group received a pentobarbitone intravenous 30-minute infusion (40 mg/kg). Intracranial pressure (ICP), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and EEG were studied. Brain water and electrolyte content were analyzed at one hour following the initiation of therapy. ICP was promptly reduced with both forms of therapy. A 66% reduction from control values was reached at 50 +/- 12 minutes with pentobarbitone, and a 45% reduction from control values was reached at 30 minutes with DMSO. There was no significant reduction in the water content of the brain with either form of therapy. A significant elevation in brain potassium content was noted following DMSO when compared to untreated controls. CVP was essentially unchanged in both groups. Pentobarbitone produced a reduction of SAP with a mean value of 20.3 torr at 45 minutes from infusion. DMSO produced no reduction of SAP. It is concluded that DMSO and pentobarbitone are just as effective in reducing ICP. DMSO has the capacity to maintain SAP which pentobarbitone does not have, thus assuring a better cerebral perfusion pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Acute dimethyl sulfoxide therapy in brain edema. Part 3: effect of a 3-hour infusion.

Albino rabbits with experimental brain edema produced by a combined cryogenic left hemisphere lesion and metabolic 6-aminonicotinamide lesion were administered a 3-hour intravenous infusion of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Simultaneous recording of intracranial pressure (ICP), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), and central venous pressure (CVP) and electroencephalography were performed while the animals were being ventilated mechanically to produce a constant Pa CO2 value (38-42 torr). At the end of the infusion, the brain water and electrolyte contents were measured. There was a persistent and progressive reduction of ICP during the infusion, the nadir occurring at 3 hours (p less than 0.005 from zero time), with no change in SAP or CVP. There was a reduction of brain water in both hemispheres when compared to untreated controls, but this was significant for the right hemisphere only (p less than 0.005). There was a significant reduction of the brain sodium content for both hemispheres, but no significant change occurred in brain potassium content. The DMSO infusion was effective not only in reducing ICP, but also in sustaining this reduction for 3 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Acute dimethyl sulfoxide therapy in experimental brain edema: part 2. Effect of dose and concentration on intracranial pressure, blood pressure, and central venous pressure.

Albino rabbits with experimental brain edema produced by a combined cryogenic and metabolic 6-aminonicotinamide lesion were administered intravenous dimethyl sulfoxide in varying concentrations and doses in the following manner: Subgroup A (concentration response) received a 1.0-g/kg bolus as a 10%, 20%, 30%, or 40% solution. Subgroup B (dose response) received as a 20% solution a 1.0-g/kg bolus, 1.5-g/kg bolus, or 2.0-g/kg infusion. Simultaneous recording of intracranial pressure (ICP), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), and central venous pressure and electroencephalography were performed while the animals were being mechanically ventilated at a constant PaCO2 (38 to 42 torr). There was significant lowering of ICP when compared to pretreatment values in Subgroup A in the 10% subset at 30 minutes (p less than 0.05) and in the 20% subset at 5 (p less than 0.05) and 30 (p less than 0.05) minutes. ICP was not significantly decreased in the 30% and 40% subsets. All animals of Subgroup B displayed significant reductions of ICP when compared to their pretreatment values. There was no significant change in SAP in either subgroup.

6-Aminonicotinamide↗