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R Wallace

Publications and source records attributed to R Wallace.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Characterization of the WIDR: a human colon carcinoma cell line.

We describe the establishment and characterization of WiDr, a cell line derived from a human colon carcinoma. It produces carcinoembryonic antigen in culture, and has a doubling time of 15 hr with plating efficiency of 51%. The HLA antigenic profile and the allozyme genetic signature (composed of eight gene-enzyme systems) of WiDr cells are different from those of HeLa cells. Furthermore, WiDr cells possess three marker chromosomes, again distinct from the HeLa marker chromosomes. Finally, it is highly tumorigenic in four different xenogeneic animal models. Based on these studies, WiDr represents a useful model cell line for tumor cell biology investigations.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1979

Hen fluorescein-labeled gonococcal lipopolysaccharide antibody in the delayed fluorescent antibody technique for the confirmation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

A fluorescent antibody reagent (termed anti-LPS conjugate) was prepared from sera obtained from hens immunized with gonococcal R-type lipopolysaccharide. The reagent was absorbed with Formalin-treated cells of Neisseria meningitidis. The anti-LPS conjugate gave uniform brilliant staining of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with little background fluorescence, thus making interpretation and reading of fluorescence simple. The conjugate did not significantly stain cultures of N. meningitidis, Neisseria lactamica, nonpathogenic Neisseria species, or other gram-negative bacteria. Several preparations of the conjugate provided the same specificity and reproducibility of staining. The anti-LPS conjugate was compared with Difco Laboratories fluorescent antibody conjugate for staining of N. gonorrhoeae. Both conjugates stained cells of the light and dark variants of gonococcal colony types 1 and 2, as well as cells of colony types 3 and 4. When used for the confirmation of N. gonorrhoeae, the anti-LPS and Difco conjugates stained 426 of 431 (98.8%) and 210 of 213 (98.6%) of the gonococcal cultures, respectively. Absorption of the anti-LPS conjugate with R-type lipopolysaccharide removed the staining of gonococci. However, absorption of Difco conjugate with R-type lipopolysaccharide did not remove the staining of gonococci, suggesting that the majority of fluorescein-labeled antibody present in the Difco conjugate is directed to gonococcal cell surface components other than lipopolysaccharide. The results of this study indicate that fluorescein-labeled gonococcal lipopolysaccharide antibody should be a reliable fluorescent antibody reagent for the confirmation of N. gonorrhoeae.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Immunoferritin location of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase in rat liver.

Experiments were carried out to locate carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) in rat liver by direct immunoferritin labeling. By using Epon sections treated with sodium methoxide, homogenates or mitochondrial and mitoplast fractions, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase was found homogeneously distributed in the mitochondrial matrix. Immunoferritin was detected with high resolution which permits the identification of individual molecules. Measurements were made of the number of ferritin particles per square micron of mitochondrial surface, providing a novel and independent assessment of the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The lipopolysaccharide (R type) as a common antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. I. Immunizing properties.

The ability of R-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS), isolated from Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony type 4, to protect against infection with N. gonorrhoea colony type 1 (T1 isolates) in the mouse and chicken embryo was investigated. C57 black mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 50 microgram of LPS, and challenged intracerebrally with 10-20 LD50's of N. gonorrhoeae colony type 1. Immunized mice were significantly protected (P less than 0.01 to less than 0.05) against challenge with different T1 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae when compared with non-immunized mice. Mice, injected with succinylated or alkali-treated LPS were not protected against gonococcal challenges. In a second animal model, leghorn hens were immunized intravenously with three injections of 500 microgram of LPS followed by a booster of 2.5 mg 2 weeks later. Embryonated eggs obtained from immunized hens were protected against challenge with 5 x 10(3) - 1 x 10(4) LD50's of three different T1 isolates. When hens were injected with the chemically modified LPS, the embryos were not resistant to gonococcal challenge. The results of this study demonstrate the ability of R-type gonococcal LPS to provide protection against different T1 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The lipopolysaccharide (R type) as a common antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. II. Use of hen antiserum to gonococcal lipopolysaccharide in a rapid slide test for the identification of N. gonorrhoeae from primary isolates and secondary cultures.

An antiserum has been prepared in hens to R-type gonococcal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and used in a simple slide-agglutination test for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Anti-LPS serum agglutinated gonococcal cells representative of the four colony types of N. gonorrhoeae. Absorption of the antiserum with LPS removed the agglutinating activity. Secondary cultures (1120) were tested without observation of the colony type and all were agglutinated. No agglutination occurred with strains of Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria lactamica, non-pathogenic Neisseria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Branhamella catarrhalis, or with species of lactobacilli and Acinetobacter. Cross-reactivity of the antiserum occurred with some streptococci. The anti-LPS serum was used to identify N. gonorrhoeae in primary isolates from the cervix, urethra, and pharynx. Of 251 gonococcal isolates tested, 249 were agglutinated by the antiserum, while all of the corresponding second cultures were agglutinated. The antiserum did not agglutinate N. meningitidis found in primary isolates from pharyngeal specimens. Anti-LPS hen serum should be useful for the rapid identification of N. gonorrhoeae in primary isolates or secondary cultures.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1978

Effect of neonatal corticoid treatment on tryptophan and serotonin metabolism.

Glucocorticoid administration to newborn rats leads to the premature induction of hepatic tryptophan oxygenase. This is accompanied by a retardation of the developmental increase in brain serotinin both in regions of serotoninergic cell bodies and in terminal projection areas. The magnitude of the fall in serotonin is relatively small. This appears due, at early ages to the concomitant induction of brain tryptophan hydroxylase and at late periods to retarded development of the blood brain barrier against tryptophan.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Regional categorization and quality of care in major trauma.

A statewide evaluation of major inpatient trauma treatment was completed demonstrating the relationship of emergency medical service categorization and quality of trauma care. Demographic and organ injury data provided guidelines for preventive and medical education emphasizing the need for more practical sessions. The differences between the review process of primary care physicians and specialists was also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The effect of hyperimmunization with Neisseria gonorrhoeae on the presence of gonococcal antibody in serum, tissues, and secretions of the rabbit.

Antibody responses in sera, tissues, and secretions of the urogenital tract and lower respiratory tract of rabbits hyperimmunized with Neisseria gonorrhoeae were examined. Antibody was detected by passive hemagglutination, whole-cell agglutination, bentonite flocculation, and in some cases immunodiffusion-in-gel. Immunization of rabbits either intravenously or intramuscularly resulted in the presence of gonococcal antibodies in the sera, spleens, and tissue of the urogenital tract (vagina, cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes). Gonococcal antibody was also found in secretions bathing the mucosa of the urogenital tract and lower respiratory tract. Antibodies were not detected in sera, tissues, and secretions of non-immunized rabbits. The spleen was shown to synthesize gonococcal antibody in vitro in response to hyperimmunization. Tissues of the urogenital tract did not appear to synthesize gonococcal antibody thus suggesting and antibodies present in secretions of the urogenital tract were derived mainly from serum.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of attachment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to tissue cells by goat milk antigonococcal immunoglobulin G.

An immunoglobulin G (IgG)-containing fraction was isolated from milk, obtained from a goat before and after instillation of the mammary gland with Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony type 1 (T1). The presence of IgG and the absence of immunoglobulins-A and -M in this fraction was confirmed by immunodiffusion in gel and immunoelectrophoresis. Postinstillation IgG inhibited the attachment of the homologous strain of N. gonorrhoeae (T1) to tissue cells. The percentage of Rhesus monkey kidney cells with gonococci attached was 38.9% +/- 6.4. Inhibition was significant (P less than 0.01) when compared to the inhibitory effect of preinstillation IgG (73.5% +/- 3.1) or buffer control )76.8% +/- 2.8). Absorption of postinstillation IgG with rabbit anti-goat IgG or whole cell gonococci removed the inhibitory effect. Postinstillation IgG gave little or no inhibition of attachment (maximun 13%) of seven heterologous (T1) strains of N. gonorrhoeae to tissue cells. These results may provide a reason for recurrent gonococcal infection in humans despite the presence of circulating antibody (IgG) to N. gonorrhoeae. Such an antibody, if present in secretions bathing the mucosa, may fail to prevent infection and colonization of the urogenital tract by a different immunotype of N. Gonorrhoeae.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Tuberculous arthritis: A report of two cases with review of biopsy and synovial fluid findings.

Two cases of tuberculous arthritis with synovial fluid findings are presented, and the major series with culture results and synovial fluid analyses are reviewed. Synovial fluid cultures are positive for tuberculosis in almost 80 per cent of proved cases. Specimens obtained by open synovial biopsy are positive by histology or culture in over 90 per cent of proved cases. Little experience with closed needle biopsy has been published. About one-fifth of the patients with tuberculous arthritis will have a positive synovial fluid acid-fast smear for tubercle bacilli. The tuberculous synovial effusion invariably has an elevated protein level, fair to poor mucin clot formation and usually a low joint fluid sugar level. The synovial fluid white cell count is usually in the range of 10,000 to 20,000 cells/mm3, but it varies widely. Most fluids exhibited a predominance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The importance of bacteriologic or histologic study of the synovial fluid and membrane in establishing the diagnosis is emphasized. In general, this disease is different from tuberculous involvement of serous membranes both in the frequency of positive cultures and in the difference in cellular response.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Cytomegalovirus proteins. I. Polypeptides of virions and dense bodies.

Cytomegalovirus virions and dense bodies were purified by sucrose velocity and equilibrium centrifugation from the medium of fibroblasts infected with the strain AD169. The final virus preparations were purified more than 228-fold with respect to cellular proteins as determined by double-isotopic labeling and at least 1,600-fold on the basis of changes in the ratio of total protein to virus particles. The protein content of purified particles approximated that found for purified preparations of other herpesviruses. Twenty polypeptides ranging from 22,000 to greater than 230,000 molecular weight were detected in purified virus preparations by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Polypeptides of virions and dense bodies were allocated on the basis of analyses of preparations containing differing percentages of virions and dense bodies. Six polypeptides were represented predominantly or exclusively in virions, and four polypeptides were represented predominantly or exclusively in dense bodies, whereas the remainder appeared to be shared by both types of particles. Four polypeptides were glycosylated, and at least three of these appeared to be shared by both particles. Four polypeptides were glycosylated, and at least three of these appeared to be shared by both particle types. The protein composition of cytomegalovirus differs profoundly from that of herpes simplex virus.

Cell Line↗