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Biomedical subjects

R W Young

Publications and source records attributed to R W Young.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

The role of the Golgi complex in sulfate metabolism.

This investigation was designed to determine if sulfate metabolism is the function of a particular cell organelle, or whether the site of sulfation varies, depending upon the type of cell and the class of sulfated compound. Rats and mice were injected intravenously with inorganic sulfate labeled with (35)S (H(2) (35)SO(4)), and were then killed by vascular perfusion of fixative 5-30 min later. Several tissues were prepared for electron microscope autoradiography. 14 different types of specialized cells which incorporated the labeled sulfate were analyzed. In every case, the sulfate was initially detected in the smooth membranes and vesicles of the Golgi complex. Available evidence indicates that these cells were engaged in the synthesis of several different sulfated compounds, including mucopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, lipids, and steroids. These results lead to the generalization that the enzymes required for the transfer of inorganic sulfate to a variety of acceptor molecules are located in the Golgi complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Sulfate metabolism in pancreatic acinar cells.

The metabolism of inorganic sulfate in pancreatic acinar cells was studied by electron microscope radioautography in mice injected with sulfate-(35)S. Labeled sulfate was concentrated in the Golgi complex at 10 min. Within 30 min, much of the radioactive material had been transferred to condensing vacuoles. These were subsequently transformed into zymogen granules. By 4 hr after injection, some of the zymogen granules with radioactive contents were undergoing secretion, and labeled material was present in the pancreatic duct system. The Golgi complex in pancreatic acinar cells is known to be responsible for concentrating and packaging digestive enzymes delivered to it from the endoplasmic reticulum. Our work demonstrates that the Golgi complex in these cells is also engaged in the manufacture of sulfated materials, probably sulfated mucopolysaccharides, which are packaged along with the enzymes in zymogen granules and released with them into the pancreatic secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Visual cells.

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Animals↗
PubMed1969

Participation of the retinal pigment epithelium in the rod outer segment renewal process.

The disposal phase of the retinal rod outer segment renewal process has been studied by radioautography in adult frogs injected with tritiated amino acids. Shortly after injection, newly formed radioactive protein is incorporated into disc membranes which are assembled at the base of the rod outer segment. During the following 2 months, these labeled discs are progressively displaced along the outer segment owing to the repeated formation of newer discs. When the labeled membranes reach the end of the outer segment, they are detached from it. They subsequently may be identified in inclusion bodies within the pigment epithelium by virtue of their content of radioactivity. These inclusions have been termed phagosomes. Disc membrane formation is a continuous process, but the detachment of groups of discs occurs intermittently. The detached outer segment fragments become deformed, compacted, undergo chemical changes, and are displaced within the pigment epithelium. Ultimately, the material contained in the phagosomes is eliminated from the cell. In this manner the pigment epithelium participates actively in the disposal phase of the rod outer segment renewal process.

Animals↗