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Biomedical subjects

R W Matthews

Publications and source records attributed to R W Matthews.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Salivary secretion and connective tissue disease in man.

Parotid and submandibular gland secretions collected from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis have been analysed and the results compared with those obtained from a matched group of healthy individuals. Flow rates were measured and the saliva samples assayed for amylase, kallikrein, protein, and salivary IgA concentration. The results showed that only patients with rheumatoid arthritis had a reduced salivary flow, especially parotid flow, with a significantly increased concentration of salivary IgA in both parotid and submandibular saliva. Patients with systemic sclerosis did not show significantly altered salivary flow rates, but there was a marked depletion of salivary IgA content in both parotid and submandibular saliva. Neither disease states appeared to alter the kallikrein or amylase content of saliva. The possible clinical value of these findings is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A novel metabolite of tinidazole involving nitro-group migration.

After oral doses to dogs of 14C-tinidazole, a 5-nitroimidazolyl antiprotozoal compound, a major and previously unidentified radioactive metabolite was isolated from urine and shown by FAB mass spectrometry and n.m.r. spectroscopy to be ring-hydroxylated. The exact identity of this metabolite was established by X-ray diffraction analysis as ethyl 2-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-nitro-1-imidazolyl)ethyl sulphone. The apparent migration of the nitro group from the 5 position in the parent drug to the 4 position in the metabolite is a novel metabolic route.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural immunolocalization of kallikrein in apical granules of striated duct cells of cat submandibular gland.

Recent studies on the localization of the serine protease salivary kallikrein have led to the conclusion that it has a ductal localization and to the possibility that it is located there in small "secretory" granules. Until now, the latter inference has been based entirely on circumstantial evidence. In the present study, however, direct evidence from immunolocalization studies at the ultrastructural level establishes the localization of this enzyme in the apical duct granules in the cat submandibular gland. These granules stained only with immune sera to cat submandibular gland kallikrein and were the only subcellular structures that did so. They showed the "studded" appearance characteristic of the electron-dense aggregates of peroxidase-antiperoxidase seen in this type of immune reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Neuropsychological effects of abuse of inhalants.

A neuropsychological battery of 67 measures was completed by 68 inhalant-abusing and 41 other-drug-abusing adolescent subjects. The measures tapped both global and specific functioning. Analysis of covariance was used to control effects of age and other drug use. These analyses indicated that inhalant abusers performed significantly more poorly than other drug abusers on 20 of the 67 measures. Deficits were observed on both global measures (WAIS and WRAT) and specific measures (perception of speech sounds, visual suppression, sensory perception, and Trails). These deficits suggest that the effect of inhalant abuse may be severe and widespread.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The effect of cyproterone acetate on serum testosterone, LH, FSH, and prolactin in male sexual offenders.

The anti-androgen, cyproterone acetate, was administered in a dose of 100 mg/day to eight adult male sexual offenders for 21-31 days. Serum testosterone fell to subnormal levels within 7 days and remained low for 6-28 days after treatment was stopped. The fall in testosterone was accompanied by a fall in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and a rise in serum prolactin. All subjects experienced a decrease in libido and in frequency of masturbation. The probable mechanisms of action of cyproterone acetate are discussed, as is its potential role in the management of sexual offenders. These studies suggest that measurement of serum testosterone could be used as an index of compliance in sexual offenders treated with cyproterone acetate who are released on parole.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Immunogenicity of guinea-pig submandibular and coagulating gland kininogenases.

The antigenic relationship between submandibular and coagulating gland kininogenases of the guinea-pig has been examined using Ouchterlony double diffusion, crossed and rocket immunoelectrophoresis and immunofluorescent techniques. The evidence suggests a partial immunological identity between submandibular and coagulating gland kininogenases of the guinea-pig. In this respect these enzymes seem to differ from the glandular kallikreins of other species (porcine, human and rat) which apparently share a complete immunological identity.

Animals↗