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Biomedical subjects

R W Hamilton

Publications and source records attributed to R W Hamilton.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Venous thrombosis as a side effect of tamoxifen treatment.

We report what we believe to be an infrequent but noteworthy complication of antiestrogen therapy with tamoxifen. Seven patients developed venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism within 6 months of starting treatment. Guidelines similar to those employed in younger women treated with anovulatory drugs would appear indicated.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1982

Heat loss and tolerance time during cold exposure in heliox atmosphere at 16 ATA.

Four different types of protective clothing and three different methods of heat conservation protection were evaluated during an exposure to 4 degrees C cold in a heliox atmosphere at 150 msw. The divers using protective systems with little insulation had to quit the test after 1-2 h due to uncontrollable shivering and an extreme feeling of cold, whereas the divers using the heavily insulated clothing were able to stay in the chamber for 8-10 h. However, even with adequate protection against convective heat loss from the skin, respiratory convective heat loss will be high unless inspired gas is heated. This can be adequately done by using a combined heat-exchanger and scrubber where the heat produced by CO2 absorption is used to warm the inspired gas.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease in northwest North Carolina. Importance of analgesic-associated nephropathy.

A retrospective study was undertaken to determine the extent to which analgesic-associated nephropathy (AAN) causes chronic renal failure (CRF) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Of 363 cases of CRF diagnosed between 1974 and 1976, 48 were caused by AAN; 14 of 140 cases of ESRD were caused by AAN. Of the 14 patients with ESRD from AAN, 12 initially had ESRD and two progressed to ESRD while continuing consumption of analgesics. The remaining 34 patients who had AAN with CRF discontinued using analgesics and have not progressed to ESRD. Thus, 34 of 36 patients with AAN-CRF who initially did not have ESRD discontinued use of analgesics and have not progressed to ESRD. We conclude that AAN causes a large percentage of CRF and ESRD in our patient population. Early recognition of this entity can prevent progression to ESRD if analgesic consumption is discontinued.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Home peritoneal dialysis during infancy.

We have recently trained two sets of parents to perform home peritoneal dialysis on their infants with chronic renal failure. Chronic dialysis was initiated before the age of one year with a body weight of less than 10 kg. The infants were maintained on dialysis for 10 and 13 months respectively awaiting cadaveric transplantation. Both infants had marked growth failure while on chronic home dialysis. Although one infant had three episodes of peritonitis, the other had none during 10 months of dialysis. Chronic home peritoneal dialysis was well tolerated in both infants.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1980

Selective use of daunorubicin for remission-induction chemotherapy in acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia.

Twenty-eight patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) were started on induction chemotherapy consisting of Cytosine Arbinoside (Ara C) and 6 thioguanine (TG). Daunorubicin (DNR) was used selectively in 20 of 28 patients who failed to respond by day 14 to the Ara C and TG combination. Seven patients, or 25%, achieved complete remission (CR) without requiring DNR during remission induction. The overall response rate was 89% (64% CR and 25% PR). The median duration of survival for the CR group was 578 days. 189 days for the partial remission (PR) group (P = .02). Patients in the age groups of 18--40 years and with acute myelomonocytic leukemia subtype had the best response rate. There was no difference in the survival of the DNR treated group of complete responders as compared to DNR non-treated group. These results suggest that even though the majority of patients do require DNR for the remission induction, a significant number, perhaps as high as 25% of previously untreated patients, will achieve remission without the use of DNR. A significant minority of patients, therefore, be spared the toxicity of DNR early in the course of their disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Amino acid sequence homology between rat alpha-fetoprotein and albumin at the COOH-terminal regions.

The nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal untranslated region and a portion of the coding region of rat alpha-fetoprotein mRNA has been determined from a cloned double-stranded cDNA. the amino acid sequence of the COOH-terminal portion of alpha-fetoprotein was inferred from the nucleotide sequence and compared to the amino acid sequence of the corresponding portion of rat, bovine, and human albumin. A striking homology in amino acid sequence between alpha-fetoprotein and albumin was observed. These results confirm earlier suggestions that the two proteins are closely related in structure and probably arose from a common ancestral gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Platelet function, ultrastructure, and survival in the May-Hegglin anomaly.

The May-Hegglin anomaly is one of the rare forms of heriditary thrombocytopenia. Since fewer than 100 cases of May-Hegglin anomaly have been described to date, major controversies regarding the adequacy of hemostasis in vivo and abnormalities of platelet function in vitro continue to prevail. This report describes the results of coagulation, platelet function, platelet ultrastructure, and survival studies performed for a family with six previously unreported cases occurring in three generations. One member of this family also had frequent epistaxis and a prolonged bleeding time associated with cyanotic heart disease that required open heart surgery for correction. The laboratory assessment of hemostasis in such patients before major surgery is also discussed.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1979

Successful lymph node transplantation in rats, with restoration of lymphatic function.

After doing a popliteal lymphadenectomy in rats, we were able to transfer a mass of inguinal nodes to the area, either on an island pedicle of the superficial epigastric vessels, or as a free flap by microvascular anastomoses. The transplants survived and at 7 days were able to entrap india ink particles, or particles of radioactive gold, injected in the distal part of the extremity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Regulation of cyclic AMP levels in Arthrobacter crystallopoietes and a morphogenetic mutant.

The extracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP), cAMP phosphodiesterase activity, and adenylate cyclase activity were measured at various intervals during growth and morphogenesis of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes. There was a significant rise in the extracellular cAMP level at the onset of stationary phase, and this rise coincided with a decrease in intracellular cAMP. The phosphodiesterase activity measured in vitro increased in the early exponential phase of growth as intracellular cAMP decreased, and, conversely, prior to the onset of stationary phase the phosphodiesterase activity decreased as the intracellular cAMP levels increased. Adenylate cyclase activity was greater in cell extracts prepared from cells grown in a medium where morphogenesis was observed. Pyruvate stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in vitro. A morphogenetic mutant, able to grow only as spheres in all media tested, was shown to have altered adenylated cyclase activity, whereas no significant difference compared to the parent strain was detectable in either the phosphodiesterase activity or the levels of extracellular cAMP. The roles of the two enzymes, adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase, and excretion of cAMP are discussed with regard to regulation of intracellular cAMP levels and morphogenesis.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1978

Exacerbation of renal failure associated with doxycycline.

Doxycycline has been considered a safe broad-spectrum antibiotic for patients with renal failure. Although doxycycline possesses many of the metabolic properties of the tetracycline group, toxic blood levels usually do not occur because of the drug's unique extrarenal route of excretion. We report here a patient with stable chronic renal failure whose renal function acutely and reversibly deteriorated coincident with a 14-day course of doxycycline. Review of the literature suggests that occasional patients may have impairment of the nonrenal excretory pathway for doxycycline. We speculate that these patients are at risk for developing nephrotoxic levels of this antibiotic.

Acute Disease↗