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Biomedical subjects

R Volpe

Publications and source records attributed to R Volpe.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Staging and treatment with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (CVP) in advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

Twenty-three consecutive patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas were submitted to staging procedures including lymphangiography, bone marrow biopsy and aspiration, peripheral blood morphological examination, peritoneoscopy with liver and spleen biopsy, and in selected patients lymph node biopsies. Extracutaneous disease (lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver and spleen) was detected in 12 patients. Bone marrow was involved in 25 per cent of the patients at presentation (all patients had lymph node involvement) and in two of nine patients with advanced disease during the follow-up. Peripheral blood was involved in 65 per cent of the patients at presentation (ten patients with advanced disease) and in six of nine patients with advanced disease during the follow-up. In 16 patients with advanced disease (T3-T4 and/or extracutaneous disease), CVP was given with a 50 per cent objective response rate and four complete remissions of 47+, 12+, 19 and 19 months duration. Median survival of patients with advanced disease was 4 years.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ophthalmological aspects in allogenic bone marrow transplantation: Sjögren-like syndrome in graft-versus-host disease.

PURPOSE: A major complication of allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), characterized principally by involvement of the eyes, producing a Sjögren-like syndrome (SLS). This study assessed the predictive role of the eye involvement in the onset of GVHD. METHODS: Thirty-five patients transplanted for hematological malignancies were routinely examined for ocular manifestation of dry eye. Examination includes the Schirmer I test, break-up time, Lissamine Green staining, fluorescein test, lactoferrin test and impression cytology. A threshold was established for quantitative analysis of SLS. RESULTS: Fifteen of 35 patients (40%) developed SLS during long-term follow-up. Ten of these (77%) developed acute or chronic GVHD. CONCLUSIONS: The possible etiology of SLS includes three factors: total body irradiation, ocular toxicity of chemotherapy and GVHD. A correlation was found between poor-prognosis GVHD and the occurrence of SLS.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of S-100 protein immunostaining in the immunohistological analysis of normal and neoplastic lymphoid tissues--an appraisal.

S-100 protein is a heterogeneous fraction of dimeric polypeptides (alpha and beta subunits) that can exist in different combination forms within the various tissues. Concerning the S-100 protein immunodetection within lymphoid tissue, the heterogeneity of the S-100 antigen, the tissue quality (frozen or paraffin-embedded after treatment with different fixatives) and the treatment of the tissue with different immunostaining methods and antibodies of different nature, all make for inconsistent results obtained in the immunohistological studies reported in the literature. Most of the S-100-positive cells of the lymphoreticular system are dendritic cells involved in the immune response (interdigitating reticulum cells, Langerhans cells, and follicular dendritic reticulum cells), other S-100-positive cells belonging to the mononuclear/phagocytic system. S-100 protein immunostaining may be used as a helpful immunohistological diagnostic clue to certain malignancies of the immune system (follicular center cell lymphomas) on the basis of their specifically related dendritic cell microenvironment. In addition to monoclonal antibodies for the immunophenotypic characterization of dendritic cells and macrophages and to enzyme reactions, the combined use of anti-S-100 antibodies specific for each of the S-100 protein subunits, tested with sensitive procedures, would be a very useful tool in the attempt to classify the proliferative disorders of dendritic cells and macrophages.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enzyme and immunohistochemistry of follicular hyperplasia in AIDS-related lymphadenopathy.

We used a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to analyze frozen and paraffin-embedded lymph node biopsy specimens from 25 intravenous drug abusers (IVDA) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphadenopathy histologically characterized by follicular hyperplasia. Our aim was to obtain diagnostic clues to this commonly occurring pattern. Double-labelling immunohistological studies were also performed on selected frozen sections and 13 plastic-embedded specimens were tested by a number of enzyme reactions. Consistent features in IVDA included abnormally high numbers of intrafollicular T-cells, positive for acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase, most of which had Leu-2a-positive phenotype; a marked reduction or loss of mantle zone B-cells (positive for surface IgD-IgM and alkaline phosphatase); and disarray of the network of follicular dendritic reticulum cells (DRCs), as revealed with DRC-1 and anti-S-100 protein antibodies or with reaction for 5'-nucleotidase. When present, distinctive intrafollicular clusters of Leu-2a-positive T-cells and mantle zone B-cells were nearly always associated with areas lacking DRCs in some patients. The intrafollicular hypervascularity invariably found in IVDA proved to be of a true capillary nature, as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, and ATPase reactions. In control tissues, all showing absence of Leu-2a-positive intrafollicular T-cells, most of the above individual changes could be detected, although they were occasional, mild, and never associated within the same follicle. By contrast, combined immunohistological and enzyme histochemical findings in IVDA indicated that in most follicles such changes were marked and very often associated within the same follicle in each case.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

S-100 protein detection in "follicular macrophages" of mouse lymphoid organs by ABC immunoperoxidase method.

The distribution of S-100 protein was investigated in normal or reactive lymphoid organs from adult mice, rats and humans by the avidin-biotin complex ABC) immunoperoxidase method. In mouse lymph nodes and spleen the protein appeared to be confined to the "tingible-body macrophages" and occasionally in sinus histiocytes in the lymph nodes. No immunoreaction product was detected in the other cell types present inside or outside the follicles. In the thymus the immunostained cells were located in the medullary area and corresponded morphologically to mononuclear PAS-positive cells with histiocytic appearance. By contrast, in rat and human organs S-100 protein was detected in interdigitating reticulum cells and dendritic reticulum cells. The present findings indicate that S-100 protein is located differently in mouse lymphoid organs and in other mammalian species.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methods of simultaneous visualization of cytoplasmic enzyme reactivity and cell surface antigens (by cytochemistry combined with immunocytochemistry) in individual hematopoietic and lymphoid cells.

Enzyme cytochemistry alone, and more recently, immunocytohistochemistry have been satisfactorily used by hematologists and hematopathologists for the study, diagnosis and classification of human hematological and lymphoproliferative disorders. To enhance the potential of these techniques, the possibility of combining immunocytohistochemical techniques with enzyme cytohistochemistry with simultaneous visualization of both reaction products has been examined by some investigators. This approach has been applied to normal, reactive and neoplastic material using mainly cell suspensions and frozen sections, with the aim of improving cell identification in specimens containing different cell types, of determining the cytochemical profiles of well-defined lymphocyte subpopulations and of establishing the cell surface phenotypes of cells that are positive for certain enzymes. In this paper, published reports on this subject are reviewed and compared with the experience of our study group.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of the otorhinolaryngologist in HIV infections].

The spreading of HIV infection and the importance of otorhinolaryngological examination in serum positive patients has given rise to some literature regarding the E.N.T. manifestations of this infection. In particular these works underline the nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue hypertrophy (NLTH). The present work reports data drawn from two years of experience with 69 HIV patients most of which were intravenous drug users (IVDU). The nasopharyngeal findings, divided into 4 classes both in regard to clinical and anatomopathological characteristics, showed that there was a higher incidence of NLTH in HIV+ patients than in the control group. NLTH was particularly found during the initial stages of the disease, in patients ranging in age from 20 to 29 and in IVDU. The most common manifestations found both in the 69 patients examined and in the literature are listed and the main clinical aspects of the various stages of the disease, from contacting AIDS are dealt with. The peculiarity of NLTH is discussed and a viral etiology is suggested even though further study is required to better clarify the physiopathology of the nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue during an HIV infection. Finally, the importance of a thorough examination of the initial portion of the aerodigestive tract is stressed in all HIV+ cases.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carcinoid of Meckel's diverticulum (a case associated with adenocarcinoma of the rectum)].

The authors present a clinical case characterized by a rare combination of diseases: Meckel's diverticulum carcinoid and intestinal neoplasm. The clinical aspects and related implications are dealth with at some length, showing the relationship between these and tumour size as well as their importance in the therapeutic management and prognostic evaluation of the carcinoid tumour.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes of plasma renin activity during perfusion with dextran 40. Functional study; statistical evaluations and cl-nical considerations].

Changes in RAP, AP (max and min), Ht and R.R. induced by daily perfusion with 250 and 500 ml Dextran 40 in a 10% isotonic solution were examined in two groups of patients with peripheral obstructive arteriopathy. Systemic AP showed no appreciable changes, whereas RAP and Ht fell in direct proportion of the dose given. This effect tended to disappear after 96 hr. Administration of this plasma volume extender 4 days per week is recommended.

Adult↗