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Biomedical subjects

R Voigt

Publications and source records attributed to R Voigt.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Manometric measurement of contraction capability of pelvic floor muscles].

The objective of our investigation was to introduce manometric assessment of the force of contraction of pelvic floor muscles as one of the examination methods for confirming the diagnosis of assessment of the degree of urinary incontinence in women; also to assess the relationship between MUCP (maximal urethral closure pressure), PWT (pad weight test) and results of manometric assessment. The trial comprised 10 healthy premenopausal and 10 postmenopausal women who did not suffer from incontinence. The authors investigated also 20 premenopausal women with the stress type of incontinence and 20 postmenopausal ones. In all manometric assessments with a WISAP apparatus were made. The maximal increase of pressure was recorded during contraction of the entire pelvic floor and when the pressure in the balloon was set at 50 and 75 mm Hg. During this assessment the authors recorded also a statistically significant difference between the group also a statistically significant difference between the group of continent and incontinent women before the menopause. No relationship between MUCP, PWT and the maximal contraction capacity of the pelvic floor muscles was found. The disadvantage of the manometric apparatus WISAP is the calibration of the apparatus in mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 13.5 cm water), i.e. the low sensitivity of the apparatus and the shape of the balloons which leads to irregular expression from the vagina during contraction of the pelvic floor muscles. From absolute values of the contraction force of the pelvic floor muscles we cannot draw any conclusions on urinary incontinence or its grade. The authors recommend this method only as a supplementary one, in particular to evaluate the results of exercise of the pelvic floor muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Analysis of nutritional intake in a cohort of homosexual men.

The objective of this study was to examine differences in the nutritional intake of seronegative (SN) and seropositive (SP) AIDS-free subjects within a cohort of gay men. The nutritional intake of 145 SN and 139 SP subjects between October 1991 and September 1992 was evaluated using a self-administered 24-h dietary recall questionnaire. The calorie and nutrient content of all food items eaten in a day was coded using the Canadian Nutrient File database. SP subjects were estimated to have been HIV positive a median of 8 years (range, 0.5-9.8 years) and were AIDS-free as of November 1992. SP subjects were younger (median 38 versus 41 years; p = 0.009) and had lower body mass index (BMI) (median index 23.5 versus 24.5; p = 0.017). No significant differences was observed between the two serologic groups in regard to weight change over the previous year. Total caloric intake was significantly higher in the SP group (median, 2,198 versus 1,971 kcal; p = 0.019). SP subjects had higher intakes than SN subjects of protein (median, 94 versus 81 g; p = 0.011), fat (median, 79 versus 66 g; p = 0.023), carbohydrates (median, 240 versus 216 g, p = 0.032), and cholesterol (median 317 versus 252 mg; p = 0.017). These differences persisted after adjustment for age and BMI. In the SP group, there was no difference in caloric intake between those with CD4 counts above and below 200. HIV-infected individuals appear to have a caloric intake higher than that of HIV-negative homosexual controls from the same cohort.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Urogynecologic follow-up after conservative therapy of stress incontinence with a vaginal cone (Femcon)].

The conservative treatment of women suffering from stress incontinence is very often highly successful. Vaginal cones (Femcon) are widely used for training the pelvic floor muscles. We investigated 60 women (mean age 50.7 years). After an exercise course with cones of 3 to 4 months, 75% of these patients reported good results with respect to pelvic floor function and stress incontinence. We found no differences between the parameters of cystometry and urethrocystometry at rest. The uroflow is also not affected. Objectively, we could only determine a statistically significant increase of the transmission ratio. This fact can be explained by the active contraction of the pelvic floor muscles, which are trained by means of the cones.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMed1994

[Ultrasound of the bladder neck-urethra transition before and after pelvic floor training with Kolpexin].

In this study we examined sonographically the position of the bladder neck in healthy control persons and patients suffering from stress incontinence before and after pelvic floor exercises supported by Kolpexin. 14 of the 20 patients are satisfied after performing the Kolpexin exercises. We found by using perineal sonography a significant decrease of the angle gamma after the pelvic floor training. The perineal sonography allows good informations about the position of the bladder neck after conservative treatment, too.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMed1994

[Ultrasound of the urinary bladder neck: changes before and after pelvic floor muscle exercise].

It was repeatedly reported that training of pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of the stress type of urinary incontinence produced favourable results [1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10]. The objective of the present study was to examine by ultrasound, using the transperineal route, the influence of exercise of pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of the stress type of incontinence on the position of the internal reproductive organs and the vesicourethral system. For exercise and strengthening of the muscles of the pelvic floor the intravaginal aid Kolpexin [7] was used. The authors investigated two parameters--the angle formed by the median axis of the symphysis with the imaginary line connecting the apex of the lower margin of the symphysis with the urethrovesical junction (angle U). The second parameter is the distance of the apex of the lower margin of the symphysis from the urethrovesical junction (line P). The authors recorded statistically significant changes of angle U before and after exercise of the pelvic floor muscles which were confirmed by ultrasonic examination. Changes in the length of line P were not statistically significant. Strengthening of the pelvic floor muscles was confirmed also by manometric examination. From a group of 20 patients 14 (70%) improved markedly after two months' exercise of the pelvic floor muscles and thus are free from complaints. Ultrasonic urogynaecological examination provides information on a change in the position of internal reproductive organs and the vesicourethral system and is one of the many methods which can confirm the effect of conservative or surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Peroxisomal disorders. Neurodevelopmental and biochemical aspects.

The peroxisomal disorders represent a group of inherited metabolic disorders that derive from defects of peroxisomal biogenesis and/or from dysfunction of single or multiple peroxisomal enzymes. Because peroxisomes are involved in the metabolism of lipids critical to the functioning of the nervous system, many of the peroxisomal disorders manifest with significant degrees of progressive psychomotor dysfunction. These disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the infant with hypotonia and psychomotor delay (especially if accompanied by facial dysmorphisms, hepatomegaly, cataracts and/or retinitis, calcific stippling, short limbs, or combinations of these features), in the school-aged child with progressive neurologic dysfunction, and in adults with slowly progressive motor dysfunction. Current knowledge of peroxisomal biochemical and enzymatic processes permits precise identification of particular disorders within the peroxisomal disorder grouping. An effort should be made to identify the specific peroxisomal disorder to provide a precise explanation for neurodevelopmental deficits, to potentially prevent recurrence through genetic counseling, and to provide appropriate therapies when available.

Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase↗
PubMed1993

[Drug therapy of urge incontinence in the female].

In this study we urodynamically examined 105 women suffering from urge incontinence before and 4 weeks after treatment with various drugs. The subjective and objective findings in the 3 patients' groups are compared. The results showed that the patients treated by spasmolytics (Oxyphenonium bromatum/Hexasonium jodatum/Papaverin) had the lowest rate of side effects in comparison with the women treated by calcium channel blockers and spasmolytics (Diltiazem/Oxyphenonium bromatum) and those with imipramine therapy. But the success rate of the first group was the lowest, too.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of cigarette smoking on lymphocyte subsets and progression to AIDS in a cohort of homosexual men.

We investigated the effect of cigarette smoking on the percentage of CD4 and CD8 cells (CD4%, CD8%) within a prospective study of homosexual men in Vancouver, Canada and compared progression rates to AIDS among seroincident smokers and non-smokers. Serial measurements of CD4% and CD8% obtained from four annual visits were available for 299 men and were compared with respect to smoking status and serologic group. CD4% was significantly elevated (p less than 0.025) and CD8% was significantly lower (p less than 0.002) in seronegative smokers compared to non-smokers. However, no effect of smoking was observed in the seropositive group for either of these variables. In a prospective analysis of 122 seroincident subjects, we failed to find a significant association between smoking and progression to AIDS (p = 0.829) or Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (p = 0.894). At 72 months, cumulative AIDS progression was 29.1% in seroincident smokers compared to 25.2% in seroincident non-smokers. These data suggest that in the absence of HIV, smoking is associated with higher CD4% and lower CD8% but these effects are not present in seropositive subjects with longer durations of infection. Cigarette smoking does not appear to be associated with an altered rate of progression to AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Across-fiber patterns may contain a sensory code for stimulus intensity.

Various models for sensory coding have used statistical approaches based on the assumption that the stimulus intensity parameter is represented in the afferent neurons as mean firing frequency. In this paper we question the assumption that this is the only code for intensity. We show that in lobster olfactory receptors narrowly tuned to hydroxyproline, an across-fiber pattern (AFP) code distinguished more concentration levels over a 5 log step range than a response magnitude code and, unlike the latter, was unaffected by response summation time. AFP discrimination of stimulus intensity appears to be based on high inter-cell response variability and low intra-cell response variability.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Side effects of intrauterine pessaries--a retrospective study].

Based upon a retrospective evaluation of 27,519 cycles in 932 patients, we determined the type and rate of incidence of side effects. In 57.2% of the patients, the course was without any complaints. Approximately 80% of all complications, induced by IUD, occur already during the first 3 months after insertion, with the exception of pelvic inflammation and pregnancy. 62.5% of the adnexitides and/or endometritides were observed during the 4-year observation period during the first 12 months without time cumulation; this applies likewise to the pregnancies occurring with IUD. The largest proportion of side effects were haemorrhagic disorders (33.2%), followed by recurrent pain in the lower abdomen (9.9%).

Adult↗