This study investigated the relationship between binge eating and the outcome of weight loss treatment. Participants in a 48-week trial of a structured diet combined with exercise and behavior therapy were classified into one of four groups: no overeating; episodic overeating; subthreshold binge-eating disorder(BED); and BED. Binge eating status was not associated with either dropout or adherence to the diet, but did affect weight loss and mood. The BED group lost significantly more weight at the end of treatment than all other groups, even when adjusting for initial weight. At 1-year follow-up, there were no differences among groups in weight loss or weight regain. The BED group began treatment with significantly higher BDI scores, but improvement in mood occurred by week 5. On the basis of these findings, and a review of the recent literature, we conclude that obese binge eaters respond as favorably to standard dietary and behavioral treatments as do obese nonbingers.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Development and evaluation of a microtiter plate enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine.

The authors obtained and evaluated antisera from rabbits injected with a derivative of a potent bladder carcinogen, dichlorobenzidine (DCB), conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA). A 14C-radioimmunoassay (RIA) was able to detect the presence of DCB antibodies, but its relative insensitivity led to the development of a more sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The EIA test was a "sandwich" method in which a second antibody, labeled with an enzyme (horseradish peroxidase), was used to measure antibody binding to transferrin (Tf)-conjugated DCB immobilized on a microtiter plate. Antibody titers measured by RIA were approximately 1:40; when measured by EIA, they were approximately 1:40,000. Antibody specificity was assessed by comparing the antibody binding activities of DCB, BSA, Tf, BSA-conjugated to DCB, and a number of N-substituted aromatic compounds that included benzidine (Bz). Among the compounds tested, the rabbit antiserum reacted only with DCB and the carrier protein, BSA. Moreover, antibody binding activity to Tf-conjugated DCB was significantly inhibited by unconjugated DCB concentrations between 30 and 500 ng/mL. The precision of antibody binding activities as a function of DCB concentration (expressed by the CV) ranged from 9% for low (30 ng/mL) DCB levels to 12% for higher (500 ng/mL) levels. This evaluation suggests that the antiserum obtained would be appropriate for detecting DCB levels at the ng/mL level.

3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental Rorschach investigation of the penśee oépatoire].

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The prospective image the psychotherapist holds of his patient and its effect on the therapeutic process].

Psychonalytic theory of the therapeutic process is predominantly determined by the concepts of transference, resistance and countertransference. Decisive through the insight into the relationship between analyst and patient thus derived may be, the range of, potential meanings of these concepts does not in the first place encompass a complete theory of the therapist-patient-relationship. It mainly indicates how to use the therapeutical techniques which in turn define the theoretical scope of these terms. What is called the real aspects in the therapeutic relation, ie, those relatively free from transference, and their influence on the therapeutical process are so far unterrepresented in the theory of psychoanalysis. Yet the prospective view the therapist holds of his patient most probably has a decisive impact on the course of a treatment. Although the notion of countertransference offers some technical possibilities for correcting this image and for adjusting it to reality it is not sufficient to account for the complexity of the process in the psychoanalytic theory. The real features of the therapeutical relationship are the secret condition, the very background which alone allows the phenomena of transference and counter-transference to be detected as such.

Countertransference↗