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Biomedical subjects

R Verreault

Publications and source records attributed to R Verreault.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Dietary fat in relation to prognostic indicators in breast cancer.

The relation of diet, especially fat intake, to recognized prognostic indicators for breast cancer was investigated in 666 women with a newly diagnosed infiltrating breast carcinoma. Diet during the year preceding diagnosis was assessed by interview using a food frequency questionnaire covering the intake of 114 food items. Prognostic indicators included axillary node involvement at diagnosis, estrogen receptor status, and selected histologic features of the primary tumor such as nuclear grade, histologic grade, tubule formation, mitotic activity, and nuclear size of tumor cells. After adjustment for total energy intake, age, body weight, and tumor size at diagnosis, an increase in saturated fat intake was related to an increased frequency of node involvement at diagnosis among postmenopausal patients. In contrast, an elevation in polyunsaturated fat intake was related to a reduction of the percentage of patients with positive nodes at diagnosis. This relation was observed among both premenopausal and postmenopausal patients. Dietary fat was not related to the estrogen receptor status of tumors. No association was found between dietary habits and histologic features of the primary tumor. These data suggest that dietary fat may have an effect on the growth or spread of breast cancer during the preclinical phase of the disease and that this effect may vary according to the type of fat considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The epidemiology of road accidents in childhood.

We report the incidence of traffic injuries to children in Montreal: 33.4 per 10,000, 57 per cent pedestrians, 24.5 per cent passengers, and 18.4 per cent bicyclists. Nearly 20 per cent were hospitalized and 1.2 per cent died. One-third had MAIS scores of 2 or more with the highest rate of severe injuries found among pedestrians. Pedestrian and bicycle (but not passenger) injuries in low income areas were four to nine times greater than those in more affluent areas.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1986

The use of mass media in mental health.

This paper summarizes the theoretical aspects and the experimental studies on the efficacy of mass media in mental health information campaigns. In theory, most authors agree to give mental health information to the lay public but they caution against the overestimation of the power of mass media. Regarding research on the use of mass media in mental health very few experimental studies have been published and they refer mainly to primary prevention with children. The authors discuss reasons which may explain the mental health professionals' lack of interest in this area of research, suggest new approaches for the elaboration of educational programs for the population and emphasize the importance of secondary and tertiary prevention.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1985

A comparison of observed and reported restraint use by children and adults.

The reliability of estimates of automobile restraint use reported by interview is questionable. It is reasonable to assume that some respondents will give a socially desirable response, i.e. a false report about restraint use. To verify this assumption this study compares verbal reports about automobile restraint use with what was actually observed, both for the respondents and and their children. For the children the rate of parental over-reporting was 38% while for adults it was 24%. Additional analyses suggest that the discrepancy between reported and observed use is related to parents' educational level, father's occupation, child's sex and whether the mother works outside the home. However, these relationships differ between parents and their children.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Use of automobile seat restraints by children in two Canadian cities.

A telephone survey was conducted in Montreal and Calgary to determine the extent to which parents use safety restraints for their children in cars, the types of restraints used and the factors associated with such use. Of the combined sample 39% reported that their child regularly used a restraint, and 47% of the children in Montreal and 55% of those in Calgary wore an age-appropriate safety device. Birth order and the child's and the respondent's ages were significantly related to the use of restraints. However, the respondent's use of seatbelts was the factor most likely to affect the rate of use of restraints for children. Although a large proportion of the parents with younger children owned a carseat, one in four did not use it regularly. Parents who did not use carseats believed they were useless or dangerous; many preferred to hold the child in their laps or arms. The seatbelt law in Quebec and the existence of a carseat rental program in Calgary appear to have had some influence on the rate of the use of restraints for children.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stressful life events and survival after breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the relation of stressful life events with survival after breast cancer. METHODS: This study was based on women with histologically confirmed, newly diagnosed, localized or regional stage breast cancer first treated in 1 of 11 Quebec City (Canada) hospitals from 1982 through 1984. Among 765 eligible patients, 673 (88%) were interviewed 3 to 6 months after diagnosis about the number and perceived impact of stressful events in the 5 years before diagnosis. Three scores were calculated: number of events; number weighted by reported impact; and for almost 80% of events, number weighted by community-derived values reflecting adjustment required by the event. Scores were divided into quartiles to assess possible dose-response relationships. Survival was assessed in 1993. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality were calculated with adjustment for age, presence of invaded axillary nodes, adjuvant radiotherapy, and systemic therapy (ie, chemotherapy and hormone therapy). RESULTS: When quartiles 2, 3, and 4 were compared with the appropriate lowest quartile, adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.99 (CI = 0.70-1.38), 0.97 (CI = 0.73-1.31), and 1.04 (CI = 0.78-1.40) for number, number weighted by impact, and number weighted by community-derived values, respectively. Results were essentially similar for the relation between stressful life events limited to those occurring within the 12 months before diagnosis and overall mortality and between stressful life events in the 5 years before diagnosis and breast cancer-specific mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Stress was conceptualized as life events presumed to be negative, undesirable, or to require adjustment by the person confronting them. We found no evidence indicating that this kind of stress during the 5 years before diagnosis negatively affected survival among women with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Evidence from this study and others on the lack of effect of this type of stress on survival may be reassuring for women living with breast cancer.

Adult↗