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Biomedical subjects

R Vallance

Publications and source records attributed to R Vallance.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Haemodynamic assessment following iliac artery dilatation.

Fourteen patients with symptomatic atheromatous stenoses of common or external iliac arteries underwent percutaneous arterial dilatation. Twelve procedures were considered successful in terms of arteriographic and symptomatic improvement but the application of three haemodynamic indices (pressure index, pulsatility index and the papavarine test) indicated that only 8 patients had gained a significant improvement in blood flow. These results illustrate the need for quantitative measurements in the assessment of this new technique.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1981

A prospective survey of radiological bone and joint changes in primary biliary cirrhosis.

A prospective survey of radiological bone and joint changes was undertaken in 42 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and 23 patients with alcoholic or cyptogenic cirrhosis who formed a control population. PBC patients were commonly found to have hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (38%), joint erosions (31%) and osteoporosis, these results being significantly different from the control group. Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy most frequently affected the first metacarpal and was rarely associated with finger clubbing or clinical symptoms. Joint erosions were most evident in the hands, often associated with a positive rheumatoid factor but only accompanied by symptomatic arthritis in four cases. Patients with PBC show a high prevalence of symptomless bone and joint changes which may become manifest clinically only as the disease progresses; radiography of the hands is recommended as a screening test for these changes.

Female↗
PubMed1981

An analysis of 200 patients with negative small bowel enemas.

Clinical, operative and pathological findings were used to assess the ability of the small bowel enema to exclude organic disease in the small intestine. On the basis of 200 patients with negative small bowel enemas it is concluded that there was a very low incidence of false negative results on clinical grounds and in 36 patients coming to surgery or autopsy, 25 (69%) had no evidence of intrinsic or extrinsic small bowel disease while 11 (31%) had various lesions which are discussed. Review of the radiology in these patients indicated a number of technical problems.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1980

Spinal and general anaesthesia in total hip replacement: frequency of deep vein thrombosis.

Subarachnoid block (SAB) or general anaesthesia (GA) was induced in 85 patients undergoing total hip replacement. The frequency of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), assessed by fibrinogen uptake studies and venography, was 29% in those patients receiving SAB and 54% in the GA group. Total blood loss (intra-operative and post-operative wound suction drainage) in SAB group was 66% and total transfusion volume 52% of that of GA group. No morbidity attributable to SAB or to the associated arterial hypotension was detected.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The fibrinogen uptake test after hip surgery.

The fibrinogen uptake test has been used to detect deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement in 90 patients. The upper third of the thigh in each leg was ignored and peripheral leg counting carried out distal to this. The results were directly compared with the findings of venography in the 170 legs of the 90 patients. There was a high false positive rate (30 per cent) with the fibrinogen uptake test which was associated with the presence of the knee joint effusion or varicose veins, but not with the site of operation. There was a low false negative rate (less than 5 per cent), and the fibrinogen uptake test, used in this way, may fail to detect a percentage of small thrombi in the wound area that are probably produced by the local trauma of operation. It is considered that the fibrinogen uptake test has a clinical use as a screening test for deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement, but venography is required in the interests of accuracy.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed1976

Grey-scale ultrasonic imaging of the kidney.

The ultrasonic appearances of the kidney in images which contain grey shades corresponding to the detected echo-pulse heights have been examined. These "greyscale" images were obtained using a standard Nuclear Enterprises Diasonograph 4102B and a Varian 620/L digital computer interfaced to this Diasonograph. The computer was used to analyse and display the ultrasonograms with 16 grey shades. Both kidneys of 36 subjects were examined and compared with IVU findings. This group included patients with normal kidneys, polycystic kidneys, hydronephrosis, glomerulonephritis and neoplastic tumours. It was found possible to make sharp, grey-shaded ultrasonograms which were very useful to the diagnostician. In particular, the grey shade of the renal parenchyma was used as a standard to compare other grey-shaded structures. Also the grey shading was useful in defining the renal pelvis in transverse scans and the renal poles in axial scan.

Glomerulonephritis↗