Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R V Petrov

Publications and source records attributed to R V Petrov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Conjugated polymer-subunit immunogens and vaccines].

A study of fundamental mechanisms regulating the immune response resulted in producing a theory explaining the mechanism of immunostimulating properties of polyelectrolytes, as well as in working out the principles for creating the synthetic immunomodulators and, on the basis of them, polymer-subunit immunogens and vaccines. The above theory produced a basis for creating polyoxidonium, a new polymer polyelectrolyte, which was used to synthesize the conjugated polymer-subunit "Grippol" vaccine that, after its commissioning into production, has been widely used.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2002

[Use of conjugated allergen-polymer vaccines (pollen allergens of new generation) for allergen-specific immunotherapy].

AIM: To assess effectiveness of new pollen allergotropins for allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The allergotropins were produced basing on conjugation of pollen allergoids (timothy, birch, mugwort pollen) and polyelectrolite (polyoxidonium) with immunomodulating properties. Pollen allergotropins (timpol, berpol) were designed to treat pollenosis caused by sensitization to timothy and birch pollen. Pollen allergotropins were studied in ASI given to 140 patients with pollenosis and 10 patients with bronchial asthma. RESULTS: In the group of pollenosis patients with hypersensitivity to birch pollen the response to berpol was excellent in 55% patients (the disease symptoms disappeared, antihistamine drugs intake was stopped), good--in 33%, satisfactory--in 12%. Timpol produced a marked response in all the patients treated for hypersensitivity to timothy pollen. CONCLUSION: Pollen allergotropins have a high therapeutic effect under low risk of provoking reactions of anaphylactic type in patients on ASI.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A new endogenous differentiating factor (myelopeptide-4) for myeloid cells.

Along with known lymphokines involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis, a new differentiating factor (myelopeptide-4, MP-4) for myeloid cells was found. The peptide (Phe-Arg-Pro-Arg-Ile-Met-Thr-Pro) originally isolated from the culture medium of porcine bone marrow cell culture was examined for its ability to induce differentiation in two human myeloid leukemia cell lines, HL-60 and K-562. Agents with well-known differentiation-inducing activity, such as phorbol myristate acetate, dimethylsulfoxide and the lymphokines were used as a reference. It has been shown that MP-4 significantly influences the integral characteristics of metabolism, expression of surface antigens and morphology of these cells. It decreased the level of chromosomal DNA synthesis and, in parallel, increased the total protein synthesis in both HL-60 and K-562 cells. MP-4 induced the expression of CD14 monocyte-specific surface antigen and the appearance of mature monocytes/macrophages in HL-60 cell cultures. There was a good correlation of cell metabolic/morphological changes and the CD14 marker expression for HL-60 cells. A similar phenomenon was observed in K-562 cells treated with MP-4 when the levels of hemoglobin synthesis were detected in their cytoplasm. Thus, we consider MP-4 as a new endogenous differentiating factor for myeloid cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Water-soluble 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin complex with human alpha-fetoprotein: properties, toxicity in vivo and antitumor activity in vitro.

The conditions for the formation of a non-covalent complex between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and the human transport fetal protein, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), have been studied. TCDD has been shown to form a stable complex with AFP in a 2:1 (TCDD:AFP) ratio. The apparent solubility of TCDD in water increases 10(5)-fold after complex formation. The toxicity of the TCDD:AFP complex injected into mice by the intravenous route is comparable with that of free TCDD administered in oil solution per os. The complex manifests very much higher toxicity (200-1400 times) against human tumor cells (CEM, MCF-7, HepG2) in vitro and surpasses TCDD in selectivity. AFP may facilitate TCDD transport in embryonic tissues and enhance its embryotoxic and teratogenic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Contribution of immunology to the development of biomedical disciplines].

The paper deals with the history of immunology, the contribution of Nobel prize winners to its progress. It analyzes the achievements of immunology and its contribution to the development of basic biology, biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture. The greatest attention is paid to latest developments which are of high scientific, social, and economic values. These include the interpretation of the structure of immunoglobulins, the mechanisms responsible for the development of immunological responses, as well as hybridome immunobiotechnology, advances in immunogenetics, immunopharmacology, clinical immunology. The Russian developments of priority are the design of new-generation immunotoxins, the clinical use of the new-generation immunomodulators having a controlled structure, such as polyoxidonium, an nontoxic biodegraded synthetic polymer that has an immunostimulating action and detoxifying activity, the discovery of bone marrow bioregulatory molecules, the design of myelopid, their based immunomodulator showing its analgetic opiate-like action, the isolation, purification, synthesis, and characterization of individual myelopeptides (MP-1 to MP-6) which are constituents of myelopid.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1999

[From transplantation of the thymus to molecular reconstruction of the immune system].

The results of the first global grafting of the thymus and a thymus-sternum block are given. The grafting of immunocompetent organs in children with the Louis-Bar syndrome is shown to cause to a partial and in some cases significant recovery of immunological parameters. Thus, blast-cell transformation showed 10-40% increases, the titers of antibodies to Staphylococcus and Escherichia coli rose, and immunoglobulin A that was generally absent in these children before surgery appeared. The clinical effect of grafting was noticeably observed 20-30 days after surgery. The most significant parameters were as follows: cessation of sinusitis, rhinitis, bronchitis, and purulent skin lesions. Neurological syndromes improved: tremor and staggering gait diminished, ocular convergence normalized. Thereafter such operations were made in 27 patients with Bruton's disease and in 3 patients with lymphogranulomatosis. The grafting of immunocompetent organs led to the design of agents derived from the thyroid gland (Tactivin) and bone marrow (myelopid). The immunobiological and clinical effects of Tactivin in the past 15-20 years are given in detail. The basic principles in immunomodulating therapy with thymic agents are presented.

Activins↗
PubMed1999

[Endogenous immunoregulatory peptides (myelopeptides): structure, function, and mechanism of action].

Previously unknown bioregulators from bone marrow, myelopeptides, were isolated, identified, and synthesized, and their biological properties and mechanism of action were studied in detail. Phe-Leu-Gly-Phe-Pro-Thr (MP-1) manifests an immunocorrecting effect by restoring the level of antibody production in animals suffering from immunodeficiencies of various etiologies; Leu-Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Trp (MP-2) manifests an antitumor effect by abolishing the inhibitory action of tumor cells on the functional activity of T-lymphocytes; Leu-Val-Cys-Tyr-Pro-Gln (MP-3) stimulates phagocytosis by macrophages and, in this way, protects animals from infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms; and Phe-Pro-Arg-Ile-Met-Thr-Pro (MP-4) is a new factor of cell differentiation inducing terminal cell differentiation in the HL-60 and K-562 leukemic cell lines.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1997

Bone marrow immunoregulatory peptides (myelopeptides): isolation, structure, and functional activity.

Myelopeptides (MPs) are bioregulatory mediators of bone marrow origin. Several individual MPs have been isolated from the supernatant of porcine bone marrow cell culture by successive solid phase extraction and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Two of them, MP-1 (Phe-Leu-Gly-Phe-Pro-Thr) and MP-2 (Leu-Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Trp), were synthesized and their biological activities were comprehensively studied. Both hexapeptides display pronounced immunoregulatory activity but their final effects as well as mechanisms of action are different. Peptides MP-1 and MP-2 are identical to conservative fragments 33-38 alpha- and 31-36 beta-chains of hemoglobin, respectively. The sequences of other isolated MPs have no homology with any functional protein. The role of MPs in bioregulatory processes in vivo is discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1996

The genius of E. E. Metchnikoff--discoveries over the centuries.

On the 15 of May we celebrated the 150th anniversary of the outstanding Russian biologist Elias E. Metchnikoff (1845-1916)--Nobel Prize winner (1908), full and honorary member of many scientific academies of the world. His main works were applied to the zoology of invertebrates, evolution, embryology, immunology, microbiology, infectious pathology, gerontology, etc. Elias Metchnikoff published essays on anthropology, theory of orthobiosis, role of social and social-hygienic factors in solving the problems of old age and life elongation. On 30 May-2 June 1995 an International Symposium dedicated to Metchnikoff's 150th anniversary was held in Moscow. This is a text of the lecture given by us at the opening ceremony.

History of Medicine↗
PubMed1996

The bone marrow peptide (myelopeptide-2) abolishes induced by human leukemia HL-60 cell suppression of T lymphocytes.

Myelopeptide-2 (MP-2) Leu-Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Trp originally isolated from the supernatant of porcine bone marrow cell culture was examined for its capacity to restore the mitogen responsiveness of human T lymphocytes inhibited by conditioned media from HL-60 leukemia cells (HL-60 CM). MP-2 added to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated T lymphocytes together with HL-60 CM abolished the suppression of T-lymphocyte proliferative response in a dose-dependent manner. Another bone marrow hexapeptide Phe-Leu-Gly-Phe-Pro-Thr, MP-1, did not display this action in that experimental system. MP-2 was also effective being added after T-lymphocyte exposure to HL-60 CM which suggests its recovery but not protective effect on T-lymphocytes treated with tumor cell products. Flow cytometry analysis revealed HL-60 CM influence on the expression of CD3 and CD4 T-cell surface antigens. It decreased the content of CD3- and CD4-positive cells and induced the appearance of T lymphocytes with reduced density of CD3 and CD4 antigens. MP-2 was able to restore the T-cell phenotype altered by HL-60 CM. MP-2 seems to be promising in anti-tumor therapy.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1995

Myelopeptides: bone marrow regulatory mediators.

Bone marrow cells of various animal species and men produce a group of bioregulatory peptides called myelopeptides (MPs). A highly purified MP fraction and some individual molecules have been isolated from the supernatant of porcine bone marrow cell cultures by reverse phase chromatography. MPs have a wide spectrum of functional activities: immunoregulatory, differentiating and opiate-like. They evoke 2.5-fold stimulation of antibody production to various antigens. They correct some immune defects in MRL/lpr mice with spontaneous autoimmune disorders that results in 2-fold prolongation of the life span of these mice. MPs influence the differentiation of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells derived from healthy and leukemic donors. They induce terminal differentiation in the leukemic human HL-60 cell line. MPs also show an effect on pain sensitivity. A new immunocorrective drug Myelopid has been developed on the basis of MP mixtures. This drug is effectively used in Russia both in medicine and veterinary practice for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases accompanied by immunodeficiency. Two individual MPs were isolated and identified: Phe-Leu-Gly-Phe-Pro-Thr (MP-1) and Leu-Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Trp (MP-2). MP-1 displays immunoregulatory activity; MP-2 abolishes the inhibitory effect of leukemic cells on T-lymphocyte functional activity. MPs seem to provide not only immunoregulation but also to participate in complex interactions between different systems in the organism.

Activins↗