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Biomedical subjects

R V Bhat

Publications and source records attributed to R V Bhat.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Hepatitis due to aflatoxicosis. An outbreak in Western India.

Parts of Western India have experienced an outbreak of hepatitis affecting man and dogs and characterised by jaundice, rapidly developing ascites, portal hypertension, and a high mortality-rate. The disease was associated with the consumption of maize contaminated heavily with Aspergillus flavus. Analysis of contaminated samples showed that affected people could have consumed between 2 and 6 mg. of aflatoxin daily over a period of a month. A specimen of liver obtained at necropsy showed bileduct proliferation and giant cells. The disease appears to be a result of aflatoxicosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Variation in neurotoxin, trypsin inhibitors and susceptibility to insect attack in varieties of Lathyrus sativus seeds.

Ten varieties of Lathyrus sativus seeds were analysed for the neurotoxin (BOAA) and trypsin inhibitor (TI) content. The BOAA content varied from 0.142 to 0.680%. The values of trypsin inhibitor content were also uniform with the exception of two varieties whose values were comparatively low. When the seeds were exposed to insects all the varieties were affected, but the two varieties showing low trypsin inhibitor content also showed some protection against infestation. Variety P-24 was low in BOAA and trypsin inhibitor content with comparatively low insect susceptability.

Alanine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A survey on veterinary drug use and residues in milk in Hyderabad.

A survey on veterinary drug use and residues in milk was carried out in Hyderabad (India) and surrounding suburban villages. Mastitis was the most common disease reported; oxytocin and oxytetracycline were frequently used in veterinary formulations. Of 205 milk samples analysed, 9% of market samples and 73% of individual animal milk samples contained oxytetracycline residues. None of the government dairy samples contained oxytetracycline residues. Maximum oxytetracycline consumption through milk was calculated to be 0.045 mg/kg bw/day. The levels ranged from 0.2 to 1.4 micrograms/ml in market milk samples and from 0.2 to 6.7 micrograms/ml in samples obtained from individual buffaloes. It was found that the oxytetracycline residues affect curd setting, the extent depending on the amount of residue.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aflatoxin B1 contamination in maize samples collected from different geographical regions of India--a multicentre study.

Under a multicentre study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research, 2,074 samples of maize were collected from rural and urban areas of 11 states representing different geographical regions of the country. These samples were analysed for aflatoxin B1 using the AOAC method. Analytical quality assurance between various participating laboratories was ensured through analysis of check-samples. About 26% of maize samples collected from 11 states exceeded the permissible Indian regulatory limit of 30 micrograms kg-1. No statistically significant difference in percentage of samples contaminated (> 30 micrograms kg-1) was observed between pooled rural (27.8%) and urban (23.7%) data. The maximum level of contamination of 666 micrograms kg-1 was observed in the state of Haryana. The median level of < 5 micrograms kg-1 was observed in the states of Gujarat, Haryana, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. In all other states studied, the median level was found to vary between 10 and 35 micrograms kg-1.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of relationship between sorghum consumption, mycotoxin contamination and pellagra in a traditionally sorghum eating population.

Traditionally, the disease pellagra has been associated with corn consumption and niacin deficiency, and has presently been recognised as a multiple factor nutritional syndrome. In the recent past, it has been suggested that consumption of mycotoxin contaminated sorghum/corn may be involved in the development of pellagra in a sorghum/corn eating population. The present study relates to the assessment of levels of mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin) in sorghum collected from a traditionally sorghum eating population. Despite 25% fungal contamination in the sorghum samples collected, the levels of mycotoxins were minimal (1.4%) and there was no incidence of pellagra in the survey area. The absence of pellagra in the survey areas may be attributed to the changing dietary pattern.

Edible Grain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantitation of aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine adduct in urine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay coupled with immunoaffinity chromatography.

A specific and sensitive method to quantitate aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine adduct in urine samples by immunoaffinity chromatography coupled with indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is reported. A novel in vitro method to synthesize an antigen (bovine serum albumin-guanine-aflatoxin B1) and its use to produce polyclonal antibodies specific to the hapten aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine are discussed. An indirect competitive ELISA developed to quantitate aflatoxin adduct showed a 50% inhibition at 15.6 pmol aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine (y = 66.73 + (-19.8)chi; r = -0.997). Interference by aflatoxin B1 was less than 5%, and no interference by guanine, aflatoxin G1 and aflatoxin M1 was observed. An immunoaffinity column was also developed, by using these polyclonal antibodies, for single-step purification of aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine. The immunoaffinity column and the indirect competitive ELISA were evaluated and validated by quantitation of aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine in urine from rats dosed with aflatoxin B1 (1 mg/kg body weight). Spiking studies with standard aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine adduct at 2 and 4 micrograms/mL phosphate-buffered saline gave 96 and 100% recoveries, respectively, for immunoaffinity cleanup column. The method also was tested successfully for quantitating aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine adduct in spiked human urine. Recoveries of the adduct were 79-90%.

Aflatoxin B1↗