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R Turchetta

Publications and source records attributed to R Turchetta.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

End-user survey for digital sensor characteristics: a pilot questionnaire study.

OBJECTIVE: To survey end-user opinions on dental digital sensor characteristics for the design of a new X-ray imaging sensor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 questionnaires were sent out to dentists and dental radiologists. The questionnaire consisted of six parts related to dental sensors. A: Details about the respondent; B: Prioritization of most important aspects of digital sensors; C: Rating advantages and D: disadvantages of digital sensors; F: Dental features that need to be enhanced by digital sensors; G: End-user comments. RESULTS: Fifty-six questionnaires were returned. Contrast resolution and imaging time were assessed as the most and the least important aspects, respectively. Aspects considered as advantages by approximately 80% of respondents were: optimal contrast resolution, increased specificity, increased discrimination between diseased and healthy tissue, increased sensitivity, lower dose to the patient by more than 20%; as a disadvantage, increased patient dose was given. Dental features considered important by over 80% of the respondents were for intraoral radiographs: the visibility of caries, periapical, periodontal, and bone lesions; for panoramic radiographs: reduction of ghost images, image sharpness and bone. Bone and soft tissues on cephalograms and bone on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tomograms were mentioned by over 70%. CONCLUSION: The most desired characteristic for a new sensor is contrast resolution. Dose saving is not considered as important unless it is more than 20%. Examination time is not a major issue. Caries, periapical and periodontal, and bone lesions for intraoral radiographs, reduction of ghost images, image sharpness and bone for panoramic radiographs were the most frequently mentioned dental features that should be enhanced by digital sensors.

Artifacts↗
PubMed2005

[An updated guide on drugs inducing ototoxicity, tinnitus and vertigo].

The argument of the iatrogenic side effects of pharmacological origin that can cause ototoxic effects or only disacustic symptoms like the tinnitus, without consequent degenerative effects, is enlarged in these last years. It is because of the great knowledge based on the careful attention from the pharmaceutical institutions which are responsible for the control of medicines and drugs. In the medical practice and in that specialty field born the need to gather, also in consideration of the possible medico-legal implications, those elements which will suppose the risk of otologic side effects. This will allow the physicians to evaluate the possible clinical advantage of a treatment, in their own field of competence, balancing them with their possible side effects in the otologic field. For this purpose, we have elaborated some updated lists of drugs with possible side effects of ototoxicity, tinnitus and vertigo; furthermore, we considered these drugs as could theoretically have influence on the auditory neurochemical progressing since they have excitatory or inhibitory action on the neurotransmitters and their receptors, but not signaled by the sources of institutional information.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1998

DPOAE modifications induced by pure tone overstimulation in guinea pigs.

Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) shows a vulnerability to acoustic overstimulation that is easily detectable by changes in amplitude, frequency distribution and time course. The frequency-specific changes in DPOAE provide more information than the more general changes in click evoked otoacoustic emissions. In this work five anesthetized guinea pigs were examined for changes DPOAE after exposure to pure tones. The noise was a 110 dB SPL pure tones for 45 minutes and the fatiguing tone centered on the geometric mean (GM) of primaries or 2/3 of GM. The most measurable effects were obtained in the latter conditions. The main DP level reduction lasts about one hour after exposure, but the complete recovery is observable only after 24 hours. The frequency distribution of fatiguing effects on the DP- audiogram shows a remarkable fine tuning and a pattern like a low-pass filter. After four hours, in one guinea pig, it is observable an enhancement of the DP amplitude, compared to the pre-exposure level; in another guinea pig, a second overstimulation produced a more extensive and time-lasting effects than the first exposure.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1995

[Comments on organization and activity of ENT day hospital department: three years of experience].

The authors deal with organizational and technical aspects concerning otorhinolaryngological day hospital's management. They explain purposes and reasons leading to the establishment of this sort of service; they analyse related problems and the adopted methodologies for simplifying admission procedures. They report a statistical survey regarding the period from May 1991 to May 1994, concerning surgical and medical operations, and instrumental diagnostic researches performed at the IV ENT Department of "La Sapienza" University of Rome. The statistical analysis concerning the 1526 patients sent to this department, shows the downright prevalence of surgical operations performed in operating room (52%). Ambulatory operations and instrumental diagnostic researches account respectively for 39.6% and for 29.3% of all hospitalizations. Among all surgery operations performed in operating room stand out the notice incidence of therapeutical and diagnostic microlaryngoscopies. The most frequent ambulatory operations were the removal of tracheal cannula (21%), while TC was the most frequent of all instrumental diagnostic researches. A careful selection of patients, on the basis of their general condiction, account for the low incidence of subjects not discharged within 24 hours. After having analyzed the survey's data, the authors underline advantages and finalities of day hospital: a shorter hospital stay, reduction of hospitalization's costs, and a larger related number of patients to be contented. Finally they hope that this sort of service will spread more.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1991

Comparative efficacy of cefotetan and clindamycin plus amikacin as antimicrobial prophylaxis for major head and neck surgery.

A total of 41 patients were randomly allocated to receive either cefotetan (total dose, 20 g) or clindamycin (total dose, 12 g) plus amikacin (total dose, 5 g) as perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis for major head and neck surgery. The two groups were similar in age, male to female ratio, stage of cancer, and the various types of surgery. No patient received radiotherapy or chemotherapy before surgery. The wound infection rate was 4% in the group of patients receiving cefotetan and 0% in the group receiving clindamycin plus amikacin. No major side effects were observed in either group. On the basis of this study a five-day perioperative course with cefotetan may be considered effective antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients undergoing major head and neck oncologic surgery.

Amikacin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Suppression tuning characteristics of 2f1-f2 distortion product otoacoustic emissions.

The 2f1-f2 distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) is suppressed by a third tone following a frequency selective pattern and outlining tuning curves which are generally similar to neural and psychophysical findings. The most effective suppressor tone lies between f1 and f2; less suppressive effects are produced by an added tone that lies in the 2f1-f2 site. The slope of iso-suppression curves is much steeper on the higher flank than on the lower flank of the suppression curve (respectively 100-115 dB/octave and 25-35 dB/octave). A suppression fine structure can be observed in the region of the tip especially for higher DPs probably connected with the fine structure of distortion products and with the instability of cochlear activity. A saturation point, around 70 dB or more has been evidenced on the growth rate functions. Continuous and interrupted suppressor presentation can induce some differences in the responses. Suppression of DPOAEs can provide a wider knowledge on active non-linear mechanisms in the cochlea, and on frequency selectivity also in a clinical context.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional results of sub-total laryngectomy.

Sub-total laryngectomy (crico-hyoido-pexy and crico-hyoido-epiglotto-pexi), while achieving a radical oncological control results in a functional neolarynx efficacious in swallowing as well as in phonatory activities. 102 out of the 122 patients, treated with sub-total laryngectomy, underwent functional evaluations: the results appear to be extremely variable within each group. A better performance in crico-hyoido-epiglotto-pexi (CHEP) rather than in crico-hyoido-pexi (CHP) has been observed in these patients. However, a good life quality and social rehabilitation was assured to patients in both cases.

Aged↗