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Biomedical subjects

R Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to R Tsuchiya.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Ischemic changes in the pancreas of Watanabe heritable hyper-lipidemic (WHHL) rabbits.

Arterial intimal thickening and thrombosis of the pancreatic artery has frequently been found in Watanabe heritable hyper-lipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. Three of the 20 rabbits used in this study showed histopathological findings such as intra- or inter-lobular fibrosis with lymphocytic infiltration, acinar degenerative changes, ductular proliferation and small ductal dilatations which were identical to those of human chronic pancreatitis. These findings were observed in discrete areas clearly demarcated from normal pancreatic parenchyma and adjacent to parenchymal necrosis. These discrete areas were developed just peripheral to regions of necrotic or inflammatory obstruction of the pancreatic duct, which might have been caused by parenchymal necrosis due to severe ischemia. The stasis of pancreatic juice in the ductal tree may result in such findings in the WHHL rabbit. Fat replacement of pancreatic parenchyma was observed in 17 of the 20 WHHL rabbits, and was classified into two types, diffuse and massive. Massive fat replacement may occur from fat necrosis and intra-lobular parenchymal necrosis. Vascular alterations and secondary ischemia in the pancreas is one of the most important factors involved in the pancreatic lesions present in the WHHL rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The importance of surgery to non-small cell carcinoma of lung with mediastinal lymph node metastasis.

In the past 25 years, 1,654 patients with non-small cell cancer underwent resection at National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo. A comparative study has been made of 5-year survival of patients who had pulmonary resection with and without mediastinal lymph node dissection. There were 426 patients (25.8% of the total) with N2 M0 disease. Of these, 345 underwent pulmonary resection with mediastinal lymph node dissection. The 5-year survival in this group was 15.9% (T1 N2 M0, 30.0%; T2 N2 M0, 14.5%; and T3 N2 M0, 12.9%). In the remaining 81 patients, who did not have mediastinal lymph node dissection, 5-year survival was 6.7%. Of the 426 patients with N2 M0 disease, 242 were select patients who underwent a curative operation with an overall 5-year survival of 19.2%. Sixty-six of them had squamous cell carcinoma and a 5-year survival of 30.8%; 153 had adenocarcinoma and a survival of 16.0%; 14 had large cell carcinoma and a survival of 12.8%; and 9 had adenosquamous cell carcinoma, and none survived 5 years. To improve the end results, it is important to perform as many curative operations with mediastinal lymph node dissection as possible. Histological cell type and tumor status must be taken into consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Bronchial carcinoid tumor mimicking acinic cell tumor.

A rare case of carcinoid tumor mimicking an acinic cell tumor is presented. A bicameral tumor measuring 8 x 6 mm in size was recognized in the right lung (B5bi) upon gross examination. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of basophilic polygonal cells forming an acinar pattern. Ultrastructurally, the majority of tumor cells had large membrane-bound cytoplasmic granules, measuring about 600 nm in diameter, which were similar to secretary granules of serous acinar cells (zymogen granules). These findings suggested that the tumor might be an acinic cell tumor originating from the bronchial gland. However, tumor cells were shown to be negative for periodic and Schiff (PAS) stain or lactoferrin, lysozyme and amylase immunohistochemically. On the other hand, they were shown to be argyrophilic by Grimelius stain and showed immunohistochemically positive reaction for serotonin, suggesting that the granules were neurosecretory granules and not zymogen granules. Based on these findings, we concluded that this tumor was an unusual variant of carcinoid tumor mimicking acinic cell tumor. Although carcinoid tumor has a wide histological spectrum, there has been no reported case, to our knowledge, of acinic cell tumor-like carcinoid tumor.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[The role of surgery in the management of patients with small cell lung cancer].

Fifty-seven patients with small cell lung cancer were operated on at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, between 1962 and 1986. Twenty-seven patients had oat cell type and thirty had intermediate cell type. The five-year survival rate of patients who were treated before 1979 (the first term) was only 11%, whereas the rate for patients treated after 1980 (the latter term) was 53%. No patient with oat cell type small cell lung cancer, treated in the first term, survived for three years after the operation. However, four patients with oat cell type lung cancer, treated in the latter term, survived for five years or more after surgery. The five-year survival rate of the patients with oat cell type lung cancer, who were treated after 1980, was 64%. The five-year survival rates for patients with intermediate cell type were 20% in the first term and 41% in the latter term. We have introduced CT and echography for the preoperative evaluation of patients and also perioperative intensive chemotherapy. Improvement of preoperative evaluation and intensive chemotherapy have yielded good results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prognosis and survival in resected lung carcinoma based on the new international staging system.

A new TNM staging system was proposed and the previous system has been revised recently. To evaluate the new TNM staging system for lung cancer, we analyzed records of 1737 patients who underwent pulmonary resection at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo. With regard to clinical stages, three patients had occult carcinoma; 821 patients had stage I disease; 248 patients, stage II; 465 patients, stage IIIA; 82 patients, stage IIIB; and 118 patients, stage IV. The 5-year survival rates for the respective stages were 50.1% for stage I, 31.2% for stage II, 20.2% for stage IIIA, 5.1% for stage IIIB, and 7.9% for stage IV. In terms of postoperative stages, four patients were classified in stage 0, 536 in stage I, 221 in stage II, 559 in stage IIIA, 159 in stage IIIB, and 258 in stage IV. The 5-year survival rates were as follows: stage I, 65.0%; stage II, 42.9%; stage IIIA, 22.2%; stage IIIB, 5.6%; and stage IV, 7.5%. In both the clinical stage and the postoperative stage, there were significant prognostic differences between stage I and stage II, stage II and stage IIIA, and stage IIIA and stage IIIB, but there was no significant difference in 5-year survival rates between stage IIIB and stage IV.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Prognostic factors in lung cancer].

For 1,886 cases, out of total 1,982 lung cancer cases, which had been admitted to and undergone resection at National Cancer Center Hospital during the period between May, 1962 and December, 1987, excluding cases of multiple primaries and low grade malignancies, prognostic factors have been reviewed and examined. Prognosis does not depend on only one factor, but many complicated factors, however, 5 year survival rate was very good for stage I and stage II cases, for which curative resection could have been performed. There have been difference histologically in prognoses between cases of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, but prognoses of stage I and II cases were good in the group, for which curative resection was possible. Prognostic factors of lung cancer cases can be epitomized by staging of the disease and histological type and it is evident from the review on these cases that early detection, early treatment and indication of curative resection should be pursued as much as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A new antitumor antibiotic FR66973: clonogenic in vitro assessment of activity against human non-small cell lung carcinoma.

We have utilized a human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA), as a disease-oriented drug screening model of new antitumor drugs, to test the antitumor activity of FR66973 and compared the activity with that of its analogous compound, mitomycin C. The overall in vitro response rate (defined as less than 50% survival of tumor colony forming units) for FR66973 against fresh tumor cells obtained from patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) was 32%, 50% and 89% at 0.1, 1 and 10 micrograms/ml, respectively, which was superior to that of mitomycin C at the corresponding concentration. Our data suggest that FR66973 is a promising new drug against NSCLC. If phase I toxicities are not prohibitive, FR66973 may also have good activity against NSCLC in clinical phase II trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The surgical treatment for carcinoma of the gallbladder--rationale of the second-look operation for inapparent carcinoma.

Eighty-seven patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder treated in our hospital over a 15-year period were reviewed. Macroscopic curative resection was performed in 30 cases, 6 of which received second-look operations, and their cumulative five-year survival rate was 42.6 per cent. Histological and clinical analysis of our cases initially diagnosed by postoperative histologic examination revealed that the depth of carcinomatous invasion was the most important criterion for the indication of second-look operation, and that the second-look operation is mandatory for the inapparent carcinoma limited to the muscularis or subserosa. The surgical procedures of the second-look operation were: resection of the anterior inferior and medial inferior areas of the liver and dissection of the regional lymph-nodes. The presence of invasion of carcinoma to the cut end of the cystic duct or severe carcinomatous invasion to the lymphatic vessels were also important histopathologic findings for a second-look operation. Cases in which lymphatic invasions are remarkably observed, should receive an en bloc hepato-cholecystectomy plus a resection of the extrahepatic bile duct with neural tissues and soft fatty tissues in the hepatoduodenal ligament in a two-stage operation.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Thymic enlargement following treatment for a metastatic germ cell tumor: a case report.

We describe a patient with metastatic testicular carcinoma in whom an anterior mediastinal mass developed 8 months after complete remission following chemotherapy and surgery. The mass was excised and pathological examination showed benign thymic hyperplasia. An anterior mediastinal mass encountered after successful chemotherapy does not always imply recurrence or relapse of malignant disease. The possibility of a benign etiology must be considered to prevent inappropriate treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Multiple thymic squamous cell carcinomas associated with mixed type thymoma.

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of abnormal shadows on a chest roentgenogram that suggested enlargement of bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Chest surgery was performed after a diagnosis of malignant thymoma that was following a left supraclavicular lymph node biopsy. The tumor consisted of several nodules, the largest of which was 6.5 cm. One nodule had invaded the pericardium and left upper lobe of the lung. Metastases to the peribronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes were present along with implantation on multiple pleural sites. Histological examination revealed that the tumor was of a mixed type with features of thymoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and that these two histological types were present in the same nodule with gradual transition between the two. Immunohistochemical surface marker studies revealed that lymphocytes in the squamous cell carcinoma were of the peripheral blood type. We conclude that squamous cell carcinoma may originate in the epithelial cells of a thymoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

Antitumor activity of quinocarmycin against carcinoma of the lung in human tumor clonogenic assay.

Quinocarmycin monocitrate is a novel antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces melanovinaceus. We have utilized a human tumor clonogenic assay to test the antitumor activity of this drug against carcinoma of the lung and to compare its activity with those of mitomycin C or cisplatin, which are components of the clinically effective regimens in therapy for this disease. The overall in vitro response rate (defined as less than 50% survival of tumor colony forming units) for quinocarmycin at 0.1 and 1.0 microgram/ml continuous exposure was 42% and 72%, respectively, which was superior to that of other drugs. Quinocarmycin and other antitumor drugs do not have identical spectra of antitumor activities in vitro, suggesting that this compound with good in vitro activity should be further developed for clinical trials.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Early determination of the effect of preoperative TAE by observation of serum AFP changes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma].

Serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was assessed several times after preoperative TAE on 18 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and postoperatively the resected specimens were examined histopathologically. Changes in AFP level after TAE showed five typical patterns: AFP continued to rise in spite of treatment (non-effective type); AFP shows regular and equal increases and decreases (undulating type); AFP showed an increase after initially decreasing (increasing after decreasing type); AFP decreased gradually to normal levels (gradually decreasing type); and AFP decreased along a half-value period line to normal levels (half-value period type). These AFP patterns were intimately related to necrosis rate of tumor and other factors such as tumor size and existence of daughter tumors. Even when the AFP level decreased to 1/2 one week after TAE, the tumor showed only about 70% necrosis. Only when the AFP level fell into 1/4 of the original level after one week we could expect complete necrosis. Immuno-histological findings revealed AFP-producing cells in carcinoma but not in necrotic cells. It seems therefore, that the immuno-histological technique is uneffective in determining the viability of tumor cells.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1987

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver.

Two cases of adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver are presented. In one case, the carcinoma probably arose in the left hepatic duct, whereas in the other, it probably developed from a liver cyst. Only 10 other such tumors have been reported in the literature. Analysis of these cases indicates that the prognosis etiology of adenosquamous carcinoma may be similar to that of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. The prognosis for this tumor is very poor. Operation seems not to be an effective treatment, but radiation therapy may be of some use. Several terms, such as adenosquamous, adenoacanthoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, have been used for carcinomas containing both adenomatous and squamous elements. We discuss the etiology and the origin of this rare liver tumor and conclude that the term adenosquamous carcinoma is the most apt.

Adenocarcinoma↗