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Biomedical subjects

R Touraine

Publications and source records attributed to R Touraine.

287 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pleural effusion in rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.). Biochemical study of the pleural fluid (author's transl)].

The diagnosis of pleural effusion in R.A. is largely done by exclusion. Histopathological data, obtained by pleural punch-biopsy, are unreliable. It is generally a serofibrinous pleural effusion. Biochemical study of the pleural fluid shows a high protein level (> 40 g/l), high latex factor (larger than or equal to 1/2560) and, predominantly, low sugar rate in pleural fluid (< 0,35 g/l) and low complement level (whole hemolytic complement C3 and C4).

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchogenic carcinoma: a difficult diagnosis. Report of eighteen cases (author's transl)].

The diagnosis in the same patient of the two diseases is very often delayed. Generally, tuberculosis is diagnosed first, and then cancer when the radiologic lesions extend despite of antituberculous treatment. In half of our cases, tuberculous lesions could not be individualized from cancer on the chest X-ray films. Antineoplastic chemotherapies may favour the development of tuberculosis, or atypical mycobacteriosis, in cancer patients, and it must be considered as an opportunistic infection in such patients. Clinicians should be aware of the possible coexistence of the two diseases and, in practice, ask for fiberoptic bronchoscopy and sputum cytology in tuberculous patients presenting atypical features, and for sputum examination in cancer patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchoalveolar lavage in radiation pneumonitis.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out in six patients with radiation pneumonitis, the early radiation-induced lung damage that usually leads to radiation fibrosis. Protein analysis by immuno-electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of BAL fluid revealed leakage of circulatory proteins, including high molecular weight components. Cell count of BAL fluid showed an increased number of lymphocytes; these proved to be activated on cell cycle analysis in one patient. Collagenolytic activity, assessed by degradation of radiolabelled type I human collagen, was present in BAL fluid of all six patients. The following mechanisms are therefore considered to participate in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung damage: 1) permeability oedema, which led to acute respiratory distress syndrome in one case of hyperacute radiation pneumonitis, 2) lymphocyte alveolitis possibly perpetuated by activated lymphocytes, and 3) release of collagenolytic enzymes in alveolar structures contributing to fibrotic processes.

Bronchi↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis. Current features and frequency of haematogenous forms (author's transl)].

Seventy-five cases of disseminated tuberculosis of the lung were observed between 1960 and 1978. On radiology, they presented as fine or coarse miliary nodules or diffuse infiltrates. The disease occurred at all ages and were afebrile in 25% of the cases. It was frequently haemategenous, as shown by the presence of extrathoracic foci (Pott's disease, tuberculosis of the urinary or genital tracts), or, more often, by associated lesions indicating bacteraemia, such as meningitis, granulations on the fundus oculi, miliary tuberculosis of the liver and positive urine culture with normal urographic findings. Positive urine cultures, which were encountered in 32% of the patients, appeared to be reliable criterion of dissemination through the blood stream. Disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis usually responded to modern combined antibiotic therapy, but 8 patients over 60 years of age died during the first six weeks of treatment. Relapses were rare with prolonged therapy including isoniazid and streptomycin and did not occur after rifampicin was introduced into the therapeutic regimen.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rheumatoid pleurisy with cholesterol pleural effusion. A single case. Literature review (author's transl)].

The authors report a new case of rheumatoid pleurisy proved by the clinical contest and the biological samplings of pleural fluid: a pleurisy with cholesterol pleural effusion. Six observations of rheumatoid pleurisy with cholesterol pleural effusion were found in the literature. This new case confirms this biological peculiarity of rheumatoid pleurisies and the authors insist on the existence of acute pleurisies with cholesterol pleural effusion.

Acute Disease↗