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Biomedical subjects

R Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to R Thompson.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Urban outpost nursing: the nature of the nurses' work in the AIDS prevention street nurse program.

The AIDS Prevention Street Nurse Program in Vancouver, Canada focuses on HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) prevention within a context of harm reduction and health promotion targeted at marginalized, hard to reach, high-risk populations. As part of a large evaluation project that included interviews with street nurses, clients, and other service providers together with document analysis, the nature of the street nurses' work and its fit within the provision of health care were described. The street nurses' work reflected the following themes: reaching the marginalized high-risk populations for HIV/STDs; building and maintaining trust, respect, and acceptance; doing HIV/AIDS and STD prevention, early detection, and treatment work; helping clients connect with and negotiate the health care system; and influencing the system and colleagues to be responsive. The findings and their implications for community health nursing practice are examined.

British Columbia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term plateletpheresis in the management of primary thrombocytosis.

We attempted to control the platelet count of a patient with primary thrombocytosis utilizing long-term plateletpheresis therapy. The patient previously could not be controlled with chemotherapy, because of rapid development of leukopenia. Although intensive pheresis at the rate of four to five procedures per week produced rapid lowering of the patient's platelet count, continued therapy at the rate of two to three procedures a week failed to maintain these counts, and platelets gradually rose to pretreatment levels. We conclude that while plateletpheresis can produce acute lowering of elevated platelet counts, the rate of platelet production in primary thrombocytosis may be too rapid to allow for long-term control by pheresis alone, utilizing an acceptable treatment schedule of one of three procedures per week.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanistic aspects of chiral discrimination on an amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamate.

The separation of [2R-[2alpha(R*),3alpha]]-5-[[2-[1-[3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]-3(S)-4-fluorophenyl)4-morpholinyl]-methyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-methanamine hydrochloride from its enantiomer was achieved on an amylose tris-3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate stationary phase. The retention of the enantiomers is dominated by weak hydrogen bonds while the enantioselectivity is governed by other kinds of interactions, e.g., inclusion in the amylose carbamate chains. Van't Hoffplots of 1nalpha vs. reciprocal temperature were non-linear and could be divided into two linear regions. One region at low temperature (5 degrees C- approximately 20 degrees C) and another one between 25 degrees C-70 degrees C with the change in slope occurring between 16 degrees C and 20 degrees C. DSC experiments suggested that the behavior can be attributed to breakage of H-bonds triggering a conformational change. Molecular simulation indicated a correlation between the interaction energies and the elution order obtained experimentally. The most retained enantiomer (R,R,S-enantiomer) interacts with the stationary phase through a hydrogen bond between the triazole proton and the C=O groups of the stationary phase, as well as through an inclusion in the cleft of the stationary phase. The other enantiomer exhibits a bifurcated H-bond between the triazolic proton and the C=O groups of the stationary phase leading to a less stable complex.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of instruction on burn prevention in eighth-grade students in preparation for babysitting.

New parents quickly discover that the greatest resource for child care at the least cost are teenage babysitters. These sitters assume the responsibility for burn prevention of young children. This study tested the effect of a burn prevention presentation on pre- and posttest scores of eighth-grade students (N = 119) from five sections of a science class. Students were between the ages of 12 and 14 years and 99 of them (83.2%) were babysitters. Multiple analysis of variance was calculated, and differences were seen between information regarding burns from hot bath water, cigarette lighters, and baby bottles that were heated in microwave ovens; however, the differences were not significant. This study concluded that eighth-grade students learned burn prevention before they entered the eighth grade but that there is a need to update these babysitters on burn prevention and new hazards such as cigarette lighters and microwave ovens.

Accidents, Home↗
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Color pressure garments versus traditional beige pressure garments: perceptions from the public.

Social acceptance of patients with burns may be affected by the color of the pressure garment they wear. The purpose of this study was to ask students (n = 712), health care providers (n = 354), and the public (n = 250) their perceptions of beige versus color pressure garments. It was assumed that beige pressure garments have negative connotations and that colored pressure garments have positive connotations. Data were collected from subjects after they viewed beige, pink, and blue pressure garments. Items on the instrument contained bipolar word pairs rated on a 5-point scale; a rating of 1 indicated positive feelings, and a rating of 5 indicated negative feelings. Cronbach's alpha reliability for the instrument was 0.85, indicating a high internal consistency among items. Paired t test indicated a significant difference between the subjects' perceptions of the beige garments versus their perceptions of the color garments (t = -44.82, p = 0.000) among all subjects (n = 1259). Results indicate that positive feelings toward color garments may lead to social acceptance of the patient with burns, which in turn could increase the patient's self-esteem.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

National Burn Awareness Week: how are burn care facilities in the United States participating?

A survey was conducted from burn care facilities (BCF) regarding their participation in National Burn Awareness Week (NBAW). The second week in February has been proclaimed NBAW. This is the only national campaign of this scope and is supported by the American Burn Association. The NBAW Task Force meets annually to compose and review the burn awareness materials that are sent to all BCF. A telephone survey was conducted, and responses to questions were obtained from all 148 of the BCF listed in the American Burn Association's "Burn Care Resources in North America 1991-1992." The purpose of the study was to answer questions regarding BCF involvement with NBAW and burn prevention programs. Review of the literature reveals this to be the first national study to elicit this type of information. Information sharing of this magnitude can have a dynamic effect on the participation of BCF in NBAW and can result in increased burn awareness in the BCF's local communities. An added benefit is that the task force receives specific input direct from those using the campaign, which validates the continuation of NBAW and the support of the ABA.

Burn Units↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A qualitative analysis of family member needs and concerns in the population of patients with burns.

The importance of family support to ameliorate the recovery of a patient with burns has been documented in the literature. However, there is a dearth of research that identifies family members' needs and concerns during the hospitalization of patients with burns. Study aims were as follows: (1) identify support needs and concerns of family members of adult and pediatric patients currently in a burn center and (2) explore the relationship between family needs and the patient's severity of injury. An observational design was used that incorporated semistructured interviews with family members 1 to 3 days after the burn. A convenience sample of family members of burn center patients (n = 97) was recruited over 9 months. Content analysis was used to establish themes from interview data. Interrater reliability on coding of thematic units from 15% of the interviews was 86%; discrepancies were corrected to 100%. The average family member was 42.3 years old, female, white, and at least a high school graduate. Family members' concerns included general patient concerns, physical concerns about the patient, satisfaction of personal needs, and psychologic concerns about the patient. Major sources of support were family and friends, burn center staff, and spirituality. Family members of pediatric patients identified pain and skin graft surgery as priority worries. Satisfaction of personal needs, financial support, and information needs were greater among family members of intensive care unit patients in comparison with step-down patients. These findings underscore the importance of communication and reassurance between the burn team and the family members. Alterations to the support provided to families can be made on the basis of study subjects' responses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Home care of the elderly with mental health needs.

A King's Fund report on mental health in London (1997) highlighted the difficulty of adequately meeting the needs of older people with mental health problems. This article describes the work of the home nursing team, a London project that aims to provide appropriate care for this group of clients during the acute phase of their illness. The six-member mixed-grade nursing team provides care in the client's own home, providing an alternative to hospital admission. The team aims to be sensitive to the needs and wishes of clients and involve them in decisions about their care. Team members work closely with carers and other services, ensuring continuity of care.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thin-layer chromatography--a useful technique for the separation of enantiomers.

Separation of enantiomers has become a well-established technique in many fields of science over the last decade. Unfortunately, even though there are a large number of chiral stationary phases able to perform enantiomeric separation, there is still a great deal of trial and error in developing a method for the separation of enantiomers. Thin-layer chromatography is a very versatile technique, which has brought much advancement in various fields of science. The simplicity of the technique makes it amenable for separation of enantiomers. This paper will present a review of the literature concerning separation of enantiomers. Because of the process of trial and error present in developing a chiral separation method, this paper also presents the mechanism underlying each form of separation. Thus, the methods are presented according to the main mechanism governing the particular separation.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pressure ulcers: developing a program of care.

The treatment of pressure ulcers has evolved from dry to moist healing techniques. Institutions must therefore develop a method to advance their clinical practices. Such a major change requires a systematic implementation of a comprehensive wound management program. The steps necessary in this program development include review of the current literature, review of current practice, standardization of treatment, assessment of product availability, standardization of documentation, in-service training of staff, and evaluation of program success.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family medicine training in Venezuela.

Family practice residency training in Venezuela is designed to prepare physicians to meet the health needs of the nation at a time of increasing societal concerns for the quality and cost of care. Since 1982, nine residency programs have been created throughout the country. Each two-year program is based in an ambulatory care setting. Entering physicians have completed an internship and have a minimum of two years practice experience. Graduates have been prepared to continue a socially active role to promote the new specialty. Training emphasizes community aspects of clinical practice, similar to the hopes of community-oriented primary care in the United States. Additional emphases include exposure to clinicians from other specialties, family aspects of patient care, working with a health care team, completion of a research project, and structured courses of theory in areas such as public health, behavioral medicine, and research methodology. Although hampered by economic constraints, the movement's intensely committed leaders have successfully captured political and public support.

Curriculum↗